.Net Core MVC 基於Cookie進行用戶認證

在打代碼之前先說一下思路。

登錄的的時候服務端生成加密的字符串(用戶名、id、當前時間)並且存入客戶端cookie中，服務端的緩存中。對客戶端的每次請求進行攔截,解密保存在cookie中的加密字符串。查看是否已過期，如果已過期跳轉到登錄頁，並且刪除cookie與緩存中的數據。如未過期修改緩存中的時間,並進行下一步操作。

加密解密的代碼

引入包：Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration(讀配置文件的時候會用到,加密key與解密key最好存在配置文件中,從配置文件中讀取)

    public class Encryption
    {
        private IConfiguration _configuration;
        public Encryption(IConfiguration configuration)
        {
            _configuration = configuration;
        }

        public byte[] EncrKey()
        {
            return ASCIIEncoding.ASCII.GetBytes(_configuration["MD5:EncrKey"]);
        }
        public byte[] DecrKey()
        {
            return ASCIIEncoding.ASCII.GetBytes(_configuration["MD5:DecrKey"]);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// DES加密
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="str"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public async Task<string> Encrypt(string str)
        {
            MemoryStream ms = null;
            CryptoStream cs = null;
            StreamWriter sw = null;

            DESCryptoServiceProvider des = new DESCryptoServiceProvider();
            try
            {
                var s= ASCIIEncoding.ASCII.GetBytes(_configuration["MD5:EncrKey"]); 
                ms = new MemoryStream();
                cs = new CryptoStream(ms, des.CreateEncryptor(this.EncrKey(), this.DecrKey()), CryptoStreamMode.Write);
                sw = new StreamWriter(cs);
                sw.Write(str);
                sw.Flush();
                cs.FlushFinalBlock();
                return Convert.ToBase64String(ms.GetBuffer(), 0, (int)ms.Length);
            }
            finally
            {
                if (sw != null) sw.Close();
                if (cs != null) cs.Close();
                if (ms != null) ms.Close();
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// DES解密
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="str"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public async Task<string> Decrypt(string str)
        {
            MemoryStream ms = null;
            CryptoStream cs = null;
            StreamReader sr = null;

            DESCryptoServiceProvider des = new DESCryptoServiceProvider();
            try
            {
                ms = new MemoryStream(Convert.FromBase64String(str));
                cs = new CryptoStream(ms, des.CreateDecryptor(this.EncrKey(), this.DecrKey()), CryptoStreamMode.Read);
                sr = new StreamReader(cs);
                return sr.ReadToEnd();
            }
            finally
            {
                if (sr != null) sr.Close();
                if (cs != null) cs.Close();
                if (ms != null) ms.Close();
            }
        }
    }

操作Redis

引入包：StackExchange.Redis 

連接字符串最好也存入配置文件中

  public class RedisContent
    {
        public StackExchange.Redis.ConnectionMultiplexer Redis = null;
        public StackExchange.Redis.IDatabase db = null;

        public RedisContent(IConfiguration configuration)
        {
            _configuration = configuration;
            this.Redis = ConnectionMultiplexer.Connect($"{_configuration["Redis:dbconn"]}");
            this.db = this.Redis.GetDatabase();
        }
        private IConfiguration _configuration;
    }

定義一個特性類，對於一些不需要認證的接口，加上這個特性即可。相當於微軟的[AllowAnonymous]認證中間件。這裏的話我們自己寫一個。

 public class AllowAuthAttribute : Attribute
 {
 }

添加過濾器AuthorizeFilter。上面封裝的一些方法,全部以注入的形式進行使用。

    public class AuthorizeFilter : Attribute, IAuthorizationFilter
    {
        private readonly ILogger<AuthorizeFilter> _logger;
        private readonly RedisContent _content;
        private readonly Encryption _encryption;
        public AuthorizeFilter(RedisContent content,
            Encryption encryption,
            ILogger<AuthorizeFilter> logger)
        {
            _content = content;
            _encryption = encryption;
            _logger = logger;
        }

        public void OnAuthorization(AuthorizationFilterContext context)
        {
            var isDefined = false;
            var controllerActionDescriptor = context.ActionDescriptor as ControllerActionDescriptor;
            if (controllerActionDescriptor != null)
            {
                //判斷請求的控制器和方法有沒有加上AllowAuthAttribute（不需要認證）
                isDefined = controllerActionDescriptor.MethodInfo.GetCustomAttributes(inherit: true)
                 .Any(a => a.GetType().Equals(typeof(AllowAuthAttribute)));
            }
            if (isDefined) return;
            if (context.HttpContext.Request.Path == "/")
                return;
            string value = string.Empty;
            context.HttpContext.Request.Cookies.TryGetValue("userinfo", out value);
            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(value))
                context.HttpContext.Response.Redirect("https://localhost:44300/");
            else
            {
                //解密cookie
                var decryptValueArray = _encryption.Decrypt(value).Result.Split("|");
                string user = _content.db.StringGet($"{decryptValueArray[0]}-{decryptValueArray[2]}");
                if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(user) || !user.Equals(value))
                {
                    _logger.LogError($"Token已過期/有誤! Url:{context.HttpContext.Request.Path}");
                    context.HttpContext.Response.Cookies.Delete("userinfo");
                    context.HttpContext.Response.Redirect("https://localhost:44300/");
                }
                else
                {
                    //重新設置key的時間
                    _content.db.KeyExpire($"{decryptValueArray[0]}-{decryptValueArray[2]}", TimeSpan.FromMinutes(30));
                    return;
                }
            }
        }
    }

編寫控制器中的代碼

        /// <summary>
        /// 驗證登錄 頒發Token 存入cookie
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="userName"></param>
        /// <param name="password"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        [AllowAuth]
        public async Task<IActionResult> LoginUser(string userName, string password)
        {
            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(userName) && string.IsNullOrEmpty(password))
                return Json(new { success = false, msg = "用戶名或密碼不能爲空" });
            //帶參查詢
            var data = await _userInfoServices.QueryUserInfo(userName, password);
            if (data.Any())
            {
                //得到uid,將uid也帶進token中加密
                var uid = data.ToList()[0].id;
                //加密 30分鐘的有效期
                var token = await _encryption.Encrypt(userName + "|" + DateTime.Now + "|" + uid + "|" + 30);
                //存入redis中
                _content.db.StringSet($"{userName}" + "-" + uid, token, TimeSpan.FromMinutes(30));
                //存入cookie中
                Response.Cookies.Append("userinfo", token);
                return Json(new { success = true, msg = "登陸成功" });
            }
            else
            {
                return Json(new { success = false, msg = "用戶名或密碼輸入錯誤" });
            }
        }

如有不足,還望見諒！😉