SpringMVC入門案例/RequestMapping註解詳解
項目結構
配置文件
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pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.xiaoge</groupId> <artifactId>springmvc_start</artifactId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> <packaging>war</packaging> <name>springmvc_start Maven Webapp</name> <!-- FIXME change it to the project's website --> <url>http://www.example.com</url> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> <maven.compiler.source>1.7</maven.compiler.source> <maven.compiler.target>1.7</maven.compiler.target> <spring.version>5.0.2.RELEASE</spring.version> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId> <version>2.5</version> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId> <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId> <version>2.0</version> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <finalName>springmvc_start</finalName> <pluginManagement><!-- lock down plugins versions to avoid using Maven defaults (may be moved to parent pom) --> <plugins> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId> <version>3.1.0</version> </plugin> <!-- see http://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/default-bindings.html#Plugin_bindings_for_war_packaging --> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId> <version>3.0.2</version> </plugin> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId> <version>3.8.0</version> </plugin> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.22.1</version> </plugin> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId> <version>3.2.2</version> </plugin> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.5.2</version> </plugin> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.8.2</version> </plugin> </plugins> </pluginManagement> </build> </project> -
web.xml
<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN" "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" > <web-app> <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name> <!-- 前端控制器 --> <servlet> <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <!-- 指定加載的配置文件 ，通過參數contextConfigLocation加載--> <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:spring.xml</param-value> </init-param> <!-- 當啓動服務器的時候創建servlet對象 --> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <!-- 前端控制器 --> <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name> <!-- 這裏是/ 攔截所有的請求 --> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> </web-app> -
spring.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"> <!-- 開啓註解掃描 --> <context:component-scan base-package="com.xiaoge"></context:component-scan> <!-- 視圖解析器對象 --> <bean id="internalResourceViewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"> <!-- 指定控制器對象返回的jsp名稱, 去哪個目錄下尋找 --> <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/pages/"></property> <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property> </bean> <!--開啓springMVC框架註解的支持--> <mvc:annotation-driven /> </beans>
控制器
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HelloController**(重點註釋-解釋RequestMapping註解)**
package com.xiaoge.controller; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod; /** * 控制器類 * * @RequestMapping註解: * 作用: * 放在類上一級訪問目錄 * 放在方法上二級訪問目錄 * 屬性: * value: 用於指定請求的url. 它和path屬性的作用是一樣的 * method: 用於指定請求的方式 * params: 用於指定限制請求參數的條件. 它支持簡單的表達式. * 要求請求參數的key和value必須和配置的一模一樣 * 列: * params = {"accountName"}, 標識請求參數必須有accountName * params = {"money!100"}, 標識請求參數中money不能是100. * headers: 用於指定配置請求頭的條件. * 注意: * 以上四種屬性只要出現2個或以上是, 他們的關係是與的關係. */ @Controller @RequestMapping(path = "/user") public class HelloController { /* SpringMVC中的註解 設置請求的路徑 */ @RequestMapping(path = "/sayHello") public String sayHello(){ System.out.println("Spring MVC"); return "success"; } /** * 測試RequestMapping註解 * @return */ @RequestMapping(value = "/testRequestMapping", method = {RequestMethod.POST}, params = {"username"}, headers = {"accept"}) public String testRequestMapping(){ System.out.println("測試testRequestMapping註解...."); return "success"; } }
前臺頁面
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index.jsp
<%-- Created by IntelliJ IDEA. User: xiaoge Date: 2020/4/19 Time: 下午1:59 To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates. --%> <%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %> <html> <head> <title>首頁</title> </head> <body> <a href="user/sayHello">RequestMapping</a> </body> </html> -
success.jsp
<%-- Created by IntelliJ IDEA. User: xiaoge Date: 2020/4/19 Time: 下午1:59 To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates. --%> <%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %> <html> <head> <title>success</title> </head> <body> <h3>成功</h3> </body> </html>