MacOS:10.14,Xcode:11.0
1、隨意創建一個工程,可以是App project
Xcode -> File -> New -> Project... -> macOS -> Application -> App -> click Next
填寫Product Name(XPCDemo) -> 選擇或者不選擇Team賬號 -> click Next -> click create, 創建一個工程
2、創建xpc service
選中project -> 顯示targets欄 -> 點擊"+"號
選擇macOS -> 篩選框中輸入xpc -> 選擇XPC Service -> click Next
填寫Product Name -> 設置 Bundle Identifer -> click Finish完成創建
3、檢查和設置
創建完成後,檢查下TARGETS -> XPCDemo -> Build Phases中,有增加一項 Embed XPC Services
這個功能現在在我的Xcode 11.0是自動添加的,但很早以前的版本好像還要自己添加才行
檢查或設置xpc的bundle identifer,在調用xpc時使用
4、文件說明:
XPC 創建後,在工程中會生成4個文件,
XPCServiceProtocol.h聲明一些函數,
// XPCServiceProtocol.h文件
#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
@protocol XPCServiceProtocol
- (void)upperCaseString:(NSString *)aString withReply:(void (^)(NSString *))reply;
@end
XPCService.h聲明繼承了協議,
// XPCService.h文件
#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
#import "XPCServiceProtocol.h"
@interface XPCService : NSObject <XPCServiceProtocol>
@end
XPCService.m中實現這些協議方法
// XPCService.m文件
#import "XPCService.h"
@implementation XPCService
// XPCServiceProtocol.h中聲明的方法的實現
- (void)upperCaseString:(NSString *)aString withReply:(void (^)(NSString *))reply {
NSString *response = [aString uppercaseString];
reply(response);
}
@end
這個函數是xcode自動生成的示例代碼,可直接用來測試。在main.m文件中也有很多代碼,都是自動生成的,暫且不管
調用XPC的時候,調用Protocol中聲明的方法,Protocol是內外使用方法的橋樑
5、XPC啓動和方法調用
在XPCServiceProtocol.h中也給出瞭如何使用xpc的一個示例代碼
示例中給出了建立連接、運行方法、清除連接的方法
/*
To use the service from an application or other process, use NSXPCConnection to establish a connection to the service by doing something like this:
_connectionToService = [[NSXPCConnection alloc] initWithServiceName:@"com.company.XPCService"];
_connectionToService.remoteObjectInterface = [NSXPCInterface interfaceWithProtocol:@protocol(XPCServiceProtocol)];
[_connectionToService resume];
Once you have a connection to the service, you can use it like this:
[[_connectionToService remoteObjectProxy] upperCaseString:@"hello" withReply:^(NSString *aString) {
// We have received a response. Update our text field, but do it on the main thread.
NSLog(@"Result string was: %@", aString);
}];
And, when you are finished with the service, clean up the connection like this:
[_connectionToService invalidate];
*/
storyboard -> View Controller Scene -> 添加button -> ctrl+鼠標,將button在ViewController中建立個action連接
ViewController.h中引入頭文件:
// ViewController.h文件
#import <Cocoa/Cocoa.h>
#import "XPCServiceProtocol.h"
#import "XPCService.h"
@interface ViewController : NSViewController
@end
ViewController.m文件內容:
// ViewController.m文件
#import "ViewController.h"
@interface ViewController(){
NSXPCConnection *_connectionToService; //私有變量
}
@end
@implementation ViewController
- (void)viewDidLoad {
[super viewDidLoad];
//建立xpc連接並啓動
_connectionToService = [[NSXPCConnection alloc] initWithServiceName:@"com.company.XPCService"];
_connectionToService.remoteObjectInterface = [NSXPCInterface interfaceWithProtocol:@protocol(XPCServiceProtocol)];
[_connectionToService resume];
}
- (void)setRepresentedObject:(id)representedObject {
[super setRepresentedObject:representedObject];
// Update the view, if already loaded.
}
- (IBAction)XPCTest:(id)sender {
// XPC中運行方法
[[_connectionToService remoteObjectProxy] upperCaseString:@"hello" withReply:^(NSString *aString) {
NSLog(@"Result string was: %@", aString);
}];
}
@end
執行結果(XPC執行方法upperCaseString,輸出結果):
github XPCDemo:https://github.com/auspark/XPCDemo
Apple Documentation:
Apple XPC
Creating XPC Services
Efficient Design with XPC Videos
Kernel and Device Drivers Layer