1、RabbitMQ官網路由(即Routing)模式的架構圖
2、pom文件需要引入有關MQ的2個依賴包
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.amqp</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-rabbit</artifactId>
<version>1.4.0.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.rabbitmq</groupId>
<artifactId>amqp-client</artifactId>
<version>3.4.1</version>
</dependency>
3、MQ獲取連接工具類代碼如下:
package com.rf.rabiitmq.util;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;
/**
* @description: mq連接工具類
* @author: xiaozhi
* @create: 2020-04-21 09:03
*/
public class ConnectionUtil {
/**
* @Description: 獲取mq連接方法
* @Param: []
* @Author: xz
* @return: com.rabbitmq.client.Connection
* @Date: 2020/4/21 9:19
*/
public static Connection getConnection() throws Exception {
//定義連接工廠
ConnectionFactory connectionFactory=new ConnectionFactory();
//以下信息,在安裝mq後,登錄mq客戶端進行配置的信息
connectionFactory.setHost("localhost");//設置服務地址
connectionFactory.setPort(5672);//設置端口
connectionFactory.setVirtualHost("xzVirtualHosts");//設置虛擬主機名稱
connectionFactory.setUsername("xz");//設置用戶名
connectionFactory.setPassword("xz");//設置密碼
//通過連接工廠獲取連接
Connection connection = connectionFactory.newConnection();
return connection;
}
}
4、消息發送者,即服務端代碼如下:
package com.rf.rabiitmq.routing;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rf.rabiitmq.util.ConnectionUtil;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
/**
* @description: 路由模式 發佈消息
* @author: xiaozhi
* @create: 2020-04-21 15:40
*/
public class RoutSend {
private final static String EXCHANGE_NAME = "routing_exchange_name";
public static void main(String[] argv) throws Exception {
// 獲取到連接以及mq通道
Connection connection = ConnectionUtil.getConnection();
Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
/**
* 聲明exchange
* @param1 交換交換的名字
* @param2 輸入交換類型
* */
channel.exchangeDeclare(EXCHANGE_NAME, "direct");
// 消息內容
String message = "刪除用戶id=10的用戶信息。";
/**
* @param1 交換機名稱
* @param2 指定路由key
* @param3 其他屬性
* @param4 body消息體
* */
channel.basicPublish(EXCHANGE_NAME, "delete", null, message.getBytes());
System.out.println(" 後臺系統發佈消息:'" + message + "'");
channel.close();
connection.close();
}
}
5、消息接收者,即客戶端1代碼如下:
package com.rf.rabiitmq.routing;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.QueueingConsumer;
import com.rf.rabiitmq.util.ConnectionUtil;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
/**
* @description: 客戶端1
* @author: xiaozhi
* @create: 2020-04-21 17:11
*/
public class RoutRescv1 {
private final static String QUEUE_NAME = "routing_queue_name1";
private final static String EXCHANGE_NAME = "routing_exchange_name";
public static void main(String[] argv) throws Exception {
// 獲取到連接以及mq通道
Connection connection = ConnectionUtil.getConnection();
Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
// 聲明隊列
channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);
// 綁定隊列到交換機,並指定路由key
channel.queueBind(QUEUE_NAME, EXCHANGE_NAME, "select");
channel.queueBind(QUEUE_NAME, EXCHANGE_NAME, "insert");
channel.queueBind(QUEUE_NAME, EXCHANGE_NAME, "update");
channel.queueBind(QUEUE_NAME, EXCHANGE_NAME, "delete");
// 同一時刻服務器只會發一條消息給消費者
channel.basicQos(1);
// 定義隊列的消費者
QueueingConsumer consumer = new QueueingConsumer(channel);
// 監聽隊列,手動返回完成
channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, false, consumer);
// 獲取消息
while (true) {
QueueingConsumer.Delivery delivery = consumer.nextDelivery();
String message = new String(delivery.getBody());
System.out.println("客戶端1接收消息: '" + message + "'");
Thread.sleep(10);
channel.basicAck(delivery.getEnvelope().getDeliveryTag(), false);
}
}
}
6、消息接收者,即客戶端2代碼如下:
package com.rf.rabiitmq.routing;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.QueueingConsumer;
import com.rf.rabiitmq.util.ConnectionUtil;
/**
* @description: 客戶端2
* @author: xiaozhi
* @create: 2020-04-21 17:12
*/
public class RoutRescv2 {
private final static String QUEUE_NAME = "routing_queue_name2";
private final static String EXCHANGE_NAME = "routing_exchange_name";
public static void main(String[] argv) throws Exception {
// 獲取到連接以及mq通道
Connection connection = ConnectionUtil.getConnection();
Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
// 聲明隊列
channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);
// 綁定隊列到交換機,並指定路由key
channel.queueBind(QUEUE_NAME, EXCHANGE_NAME, "select");
channel.queueBind(QUEUE_NAME, EXCHANGE_NAME, "update");
// 同一時刻服務器只會發一條消息給消費者
channel.basicQos(1);
// 定義隊列的消費者
QueueingConsumer consumer = new QueueingConsumer(channel);
// 監聽隊列,手動返回完成
channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, false, consumer);
// 獲取消息
while (true) {
QueueingConsumer.Delivery delivery = consumer.nextDelivery();
String message = new String(delivery.getBody());
System.out.println("客戶端2接收消息: '" + message + "'");
Thread.sleep(10);
channel.basicAck(delivery.getEnvelope().getDeliveryTag(), false);
}
}
}
7、先啓動服務端、客戶端1和客戶端2代碼程序,之後關閉服務端、客戶端1和客戶端2代碼程序
- 原因:爲了先創建隊列和交換機
8、啓動客戶端代碼程序:
1)、啓動消息接收者,即客戶端1代碼程序。輸出如下圖:
2)、啓動消息接收者,即客戶端2代碼程序。輸出如下圖:
9、啓動服務端代碼程序
1)、啓動消息發送者,即服務端的代碼程序。控制檯輸出如下圖:
2)查看客戶端1即(消費者1)和客戶端2(即消費者2)的控制檯輸出如下:
10、結論
- 客戶端1即(消費者1)接收到消息
- 客戶端2即(消費者2)未接收到消息
11、結論的原因
1)、客戶端1即(消費者1)綁定隊列到交換機中路由key指定了select、insert、update、delete 4種方式,如下圖:
2)、客戶端2即(消費者2)綁定隊列到交換機中路由key指定了select、update 2種方式,如下圖:
3)服務端程序代碼發送消息時綁定路由key是delete,所以匹配到了客戶端1中綁定的路由key是delete,而客戶端2只有select和update,所以客戶端1接收到了消息,如下圖: