RIP(路由信息協議)
它是一種距離矢量算法的協議,使用跳數作爲度量來衡量到達目的網絡的距離。RIP主要應用於規模較小的網絡中
缺點,古老,收斂速度很慢
路由器的每個接口都是一個獨立的網段
每隔30s發送一次
目標地址是:224.2.2.9組播地址
報文裏面存放的事路由信息
RIP只看距離遠近,距離是以跳數(經過路由器的個數)來衡量
PC1(設置IP地址)
IP地址:192.168.1.2
子網掩碼:255.255.255.0
網關:192.168.1.1
PC2(設置IP地址)
IP地址:192.168.1.3
子網掩碼:255.255.255.0
網關:192.168.1.1
PC 3(設置IP地址)
IP地址:172.16.1.2
子網掩碼:255.255.255.0
網關:192.168.1.1
PC4(設置IP地址)
IP地址:10.1.1.2
子網掩碼:255.255.255.0
網關:10.1.1.1
R1(設置IP地址)
<Huawei>system-view //進入全局配置模式
[Huawei]undo info-center enable //關閉信息告警提示
[Huawei]sysname R1 //改名
[R1]interface e0/0/0 //進入接口
[R1-Ethernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.1 24 //設置IP地址
[R1-Ethernet0/0/0]quit //退出
[R1]interface e0/0/1 //進入接口
[R1-Ethernet0/0/1]ip address 12.1.1.1 24 //設置IP地址
[R1-Ethernet0/0/1]quit //退出
[R1]
R2(設置IP地址)
<Huawei>system-view //進入全局配置模式
[Huawei]undo info-center enable //關閉信息告警提示
[Huawei]sysname R2 //改名
[R2]interface e0/0/0 //進入接口
[R2-Ethernet0/0/0]ip address 12.1.1.2 24 //設置IP地址
[R2-Ethernet0/0/0]quit //退出
[R2]interface e0/0/1 //進入接口
[R2-Ethernet0/0/1]ip address 23.1.1.1 24 //設置IP地址
[R2-Ethernet0/0/1]quit //退出
[R2]interface g0/0/0 //進入接口
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.1.1 24 //設置IP地址
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]quit //退出
[R2]
R3(設置IP地址)
<Huawei>system-view //進入全局配置模式
[Huawei]undo info-center enable //關閉信息告警提示
[Huawei]sysname R3 //改名
[R3]interface e0/0/0 //進入接口
[R3-Ethernet0/0/0]ip address 23.1.1.2 24 //設置IP地址
[R3-Ethernet0/0/0]quit //退出
[R3]interface e0/0/1 //進入接口
[R3-Ethernet0/0/1]ip address 10.1.1.1 24
[R3-Ethernet0/0/1]quit //退出
[R3]
R1(使用RIP協議宣告網段)
[R1]rip //使用rip協議
[R1-rip-1]version 2 //版本2
[R1-rip-1]undo summary //關閉自動彙總
[R1-rip-1]network 192.168.1.0 //宣告網段
[R1-rip-1]network 12.0.0.0 //宣告網段
[R1-rip-1]quit //退出
[R1]
R2(使用RIP協議宣告網段)
[R2]rip //使用rip協議
[R2-rip-1]version 2 //版本2
[R2-rip-1]undo summary //關閉自動彙總
[R2-rip-1]network 12.0.0.0 //宣告網段
[R2-rip-1]network 23.0.0.0 //宣告網段
[R2-rip-1]network 172.16.0.0 //宣告網段
[R2-rip-1]quit //退出
[R2]
R3(使用RIP協議宣告網段)
[R3]rip //使用rip協議
[R3-rip-1]version 2 //版本2
[R3-rip-1]undo summary //關閉自動彙總
[R3-rip-1]network 23.0.0.0 //宣告網段
[R3-rip-1]network 10.0.0.0 //宣告網段
[R3-rip-1]quit //退出
[R3]
R1(查看路由表)
[R1]dis ip routing-table //查看路由表
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
Destinations : 9 Routes : 9
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface
10.1.1.0/24 RIP 100 2 D 12.1.1.2 Ethernet0/0/1 //rip學到的網段
12.1.1.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 12.1.1.1 Ethernet0/0/1
12.1.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 Ethernet0/0/1
23.1.1.0/24 RIP 100 1 D 12.1.1.2 Ethernet0/0/1 //rip學到的網段
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
172.16.1.0/24 RIP 100 1 D 12.1.1.2 Ethernet0/0/1 //rip學到的網段
192.168.1.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 192.168.1.1 Ethernet0/0/0
192.168.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 Ethernet0/0/0
[R1]
R2(查看路由表)
[R2]dis ip routing-table //查看路由表
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
Destinations : 10 Routes : 10
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface
10.1.1.0/24 RIP 100 1 D 23.1.1.2 Ethernet0/0/1 //rip學到的網段
12.1.1.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 12.1.1.2 Ethernet0/0/0
12.1.1.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 Ethernet0/0/0
23.1.1.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 23.1.1.1 Ethernet0/0/1
23.1.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 Ethernet0/0/1
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
172.16.1.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 172.16.1.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
172.16.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
192.168.1.0/24 RIP 100 1 D 12.1.1.1 Ethernet0/0/0 //rip學到的網段
[R2]
R3(查看路由表)
[R3]dis ip routing-table //查看路由表
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
Destinations : 9 Routes : 9
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface
10.1.1.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.1.1.1 Ethernet0/0/1
10.1.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 Ethernet0/0/1
12.1.1.0/24 RIP 100 1 D 23.1.1.1 Ethernet0/0/0 //rip學到的網段
23.1.1.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 23.1.1.2 Ethernet0/0/0
23.1.1.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 Ethernet0/0/0
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
172.16.1.0/24 RIP 100 1 D 23.1.1.1 Ethernet0/0/0 //rip學到的網段
192.168.1.0/24 RIP 100 2 D 23.1.1.1 Ethernet0/0/0 //rip學到的網段
[R3]
PC1(測試是否可以全網互通)
PC>ping 192.168.1.3 //測試是否可以ping通PC2
Ping 192.168.1.3: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
From 192.168.1.3: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=128 time=31 ms //ping通
From 192.168.1.3: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=128 time=46 ms
From 192.168.1.3: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=128 time=31 ms
From 192.168.1.3: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=128 time=31 ms
From 192.168.1.3: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=128 time=31 ms
--- 192.168.1.3 ping statistics ---
5 packet(s) transmitted
5 packet(s) received
0.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 31/34/46 ms
PC>ping 172.16.1.2 //測試是否可以ping通PC3
Ping 172.16.1.2: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
From 172.16.1.2: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=126 time=125 ms //ping通
From 172.16.1.2: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=126 time=78 ms
From 172.16.1.2: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=126 time=94 ms
From 172.16.1.2: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=126 time=78 ms
From 172.16.1.2: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=126 time=109 ms
--- 172.16.1.2 ping statistics ---
5 packet(s) transmitted
5 packet(s) received
0.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 78/96/125 ms
PC>ping 10.1.1.2 //測試是否可以ping通PC4
Ping 10.1.1.2: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
From 10.1.1.2: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=125 time=140 ms //ping通
From 10.1.1.2: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=125 time=94 ms
From 10.1.1.2: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=125 time=94 ms
From 10.1.1.2: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=125 time=94 ms
From 10.1.1.2: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=125 time=141 ms
--- 10.1.1.2 ping statistics ---
5 packet(s) transmitted
5 packet(s) received
0.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 94/112/141 ms
PC>
R1(抑制接口,靜默接口silent-interface e0/0/0,RIP 報文不在發給PC機)
[R1]rip //進入rip協議
[R1-rip-1]silent-interface e0/0/0 //把連接PC機的接口,設置爲靜默接口
[R1-rip-1]quit //退出
[R1]