Ubuntu16.04 离线安装 MySQL5.7

1. 下载安装包

$ wget https://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-server_5.7.27-1ubuntu16.04_amd64.deb-bundle.tar

2. 解压安装包

$ mkdir mysql_deb

$ tar -xvf ./mysql-server_5.7.27-1ubuntu16.04_amd64.deb-bundle.tar -C ./mysql_deb

解压后得到以下文件：

$ ls mysql_deb

mysql-server_5.7.27-1ubuntu16.04_amd64.deb
mysql-testsuite_5.7.27-1ubuntu16.04_amd64.deb
mysql-common_5.7.27-1ubuntu16.04_amd64.deb
mysql-community-source_5.7.27-1ubuntu16.04_amd64.deb
mysql-client_5.7.27-1ubuntu16.04_amd64.deb
libmysqlclient20_5.7.27-1ubuntu16.04_amd64.deb
libmysqld-dev_5.7.27-1ubuntu16.04_amd64.deb
mysql-community-server_5.7.27-1ubuntu16.04_amd64.deb
libmysqlclient-dev_5.7.27-1ubuntu16.04_amd64.deb
mysql-community-client_5.7.27-1ubuntu16.04_amd64.deb
mysql-community-test_5.7.27-1ubuntu16.04_amd64.deb

3. 使用dpkg安装依赖包

缺少包时看一下错误信息，然后使用apt-get安装一下即可

$ cd mysql_deb
$ sudo dpkg -i mysql-common_5.7.27-1ubuntu16.04_amd64.deb
$ sudo dpkg -i libmysqlclient20_5.7.27-1ubuntu16.04_amd64.deb
$ sudo dpkg -i libmysqlclient-dev_5.7.27-1ubuntu16.04_amd64.deb
$ sudo dpkg -i libmysqld-dev_5.7.27-1ubuntu16.04_amd64.deb

• 安装依赖，否则接下来安装会报错

$ sudo apt-get install libaio1

• 继续安装以下内容

$ sudo dpkg -i mysql-community-client_5.7.27-1ubuntu16.04_amd64.deb
$ sudo dpkg -i mysql-client_5.7.27-1ubuntu16.04_amd64.deb
$ sudo dpkg -i mysql-community-source_5.7.27-1ubuntu16.04_amd64.deb

• 接下来我们需要安装mysql-community-server包了，安装之前还需要按照一个依赖包：libmecab2。如已安装过请忽略。

$ sudo apt-get install libmecab2
$ sudo dpkg -i mysql-community-server_5.7.27-1ubuntu16.04_amd64.deb

• 安装过程中需要设置mysql的root账号密码

4. 修改存储引擎及默认编码等信息

• 将以下内容添加到mysql配置文件末尾（默认路径：/etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf）

default-storage-engine=INNODB
init_connect='SET NAMES utf8mb4'
character-set-server = utf8mb4
character-set-client-handshake = FALSE
collation-server = utf8mb4_general_ci

5. 配置远程登录

• 将 bing-address = 127.0.0.1 修改为 bind-address = 0.0.0.0
• 重启服务

$ sudo service mysql restart

6. 其他问题

• 使用 root 账号登录失败，报错

$ mysql -uroot -p
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: YES)

解决方法：

• 将以下内容添加到mysql配置文件/etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf的[mysqld]下面

skip-grant-tables

• 重启mysql服务，登录mysql（此时登录无需输入密码）

$ mysql -uroot

• 执行SQL

mysql> update mysql.user set host = '%' where user = 'root';
mysql> FLUSH   PRIVILEGES;

• 修改配置文件/etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf，删掉skip-grant-tables
• 重启mysql服务，即可