@WebMVCTest中的404問題分析

問題分析

在創建單元測試Controller過程中，碰到了一個問題，具體如下：

MockHttpServletResponse:
           Status = 404
    Error message = null
          Headers = {}
     Content type = null
             Body = 
    Forwarded URL = null
   Redirected URL = null
          Cookies = []

java.lang.AssertionError: Status 
Expected :200
Actual   :404

從結果信息來看，無法找到對應的MVC服務。

環境配置

Spring Boot 1.5.13， JDK 1.8
Controller示例代碼如下：

import com.meituan.baobab.transport.supply.driver.manager.UserManager;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;

@Slf4j
@RestController
public class MyController {
    public MyController() {
        log.info("init it");
    }

    @RequestMapping("/hello")
    public String info() {
        return "hello, data";
    }

    @Autowired
    private UserManager userManager;

    @RequestMapping(value="/users", method=RequestMethod.GET)
    public String hello(@RequestParam("info") String info) {
        log.info("Request Param:{}", info);
        String resultInfo = this.userManager.getMessage(info);

        log.info("resultInfo:{}", resultInfo);
        return resultInfo;
    }
}

測試代碼如下：

package com.meituan.baobab.transport.supply.driver.controller;

import cxxx.baseunit.TestWebConfig;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.junit.Assert;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Ignore;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.BeansException;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringBootConfiguration;
import org.springframework.boot.context.TypeExcludeFilter;
import org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.web.servlet.AutoConfigureMockMvc;
import org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.web.servlet.WebMvcTest;
import org.springframework.boot.test.mock.mockito.MockBean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.FilterType;
import org.springframework.test.context.ActiveProfiles;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MockMvc;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MvcResult;
import org.springframework.web.context.WebApplicationContext;

import static org.junit.Assert.fail;
import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.request.MockMvcRequestBuilders.get;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers.status;

@Slf4j
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(classes = TestWebConfig.class)
@WebMvcTest(controllers={MyController.class}, secure=false)
public class MyControllerTest {
    @Autowired
    private MockMvc mockMvc;

    @Autowired
    private WebApplicationContext webApplicationContext;

    @MockBean
    private UserManager userService;

    @MockBean
    private WhiteListDriverManager whiteListDriverManager;

    @Test
    public void testHello() throws Exception {
        when(userService.getMessage("world")).thenReturn("hello,world");

        MvcResult result = this.mockMvc.perform(get("/users?info=world")).andExpect(status().isOk()).andReturn();
        String resultInfo = result.getResponse().getContentAsString();
        log.info("resultInfo:{}", resultInfo);
        Assert.assertTrue("hello,world".equalsIgnoreCase(resultInfo));
    }

    @Test
    public void testInfo() throws Exception {
        MvcResult result = this.mockMvc.perform(get("/hello")).andExpect(status().isOk()).andReturn();
    }
}

解決方法

在class類之上，新增@ComponentScan註解，指定具體的掃描路徑：

@Slf4j
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(classes = TestWebConfig.class)
@ComponentScan(excludeFilters = @ComponentScan.Filter(type = FilterType.CUSTOM, classes = TypeExcludeFilter.class))
@WebMvcTest(controllers={MyController.class, WhiteListDriverController.class}, secure=false)
public class MyControllerTest {
    @Autowired
    private MockMvc mockMvc;
    //..........
}

參考文檔

1. Allow @WebMvcTest without @SpringBootApplication
2. Does @WebMvcTest require @SpringBootApplication annotation?