K8S 二進制集羣部署--------單master集羣
一、集羣環境
在上篇博客介紹過了,我的搭建部署也是在上一篇的基礎上做的。
二、部署master節點組件
在 Master 上要部署以下三大核心組件:
kube-apiserver:是集羣的統一入口,各組件協調者,所有對象資源的增刪改查和監聽操作都交給 APIServer 處理後再提交給 Etcd 存儲;
kube-controller-manager:處理羣集中常規後臺任務,一個資源對應一個控制器,而 controller-manager 就是負責管理這些控制器的;
kube-scheduler:根據調度算法爲新創建的 Pod 選擇一個 Node 節點,可以任意部署,可以部署在同一個節點上,也可以部署在不同節點上。
操作流程:配置文件 -----> systemd 管理組件 -----> 啓動
先把master壓縮包放在k8s目錄下
[root@localhost k8s]# unzip master.zip
解壓出來的三個組件腳本我自己編寫的,內容在下面操作中展示。
[root@localhost k8s]# chmod +x controller-manager.sh #給controll腳本加上權限
[root@localhost k8s]# mkdir -p /opt/kubernetes/{cfg,ssl,bin}
2.1、部署 apiserver
2.1.1、製作api-server證書
1、創建api-server證書目錄
[root@localhost k8s]# mkdir k8s-cert
[root@localhost k8s]# cd k8s-cert/
2、編寫證書生成腳本
[root@localhost k8s-cert]# vim k8s-cert.sh
# 編寫ca證書的配置文件
cat > ca-config.json <<EOF
{
"signing": {
"default": {
"expiry": "87600h"
},
"profiles": {
"kubernetes": {
"expiry": "87600h",
"usages": [
"signing",
"key encipherment",
"server auth",
"client auth"
]
}
}
}
}
EOF
# 編寫ca 簽名證書文件
cat > ca-csr.json <<EOF
{
"CN": "kubernetes",
"key": {
"algo": "rsa",
"size": 2048
},
"names": [
{
"C": "CN",
"L": "Beijing",
"ST": "Beijing",
"O": "k8s",
"OU": "System"
}
]
}
EOF
# 使用簽名證書生成ca.pem、ca-key.pem文件
cfssl gencert -initca ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare ca -
#編寫apiserver的簽名證書
注意:master2節點和LB節點的IP地址是 爲了之後的多master節點部署添加的
cat > server-csr.json <<EOF
{
"CN": "kubernetes",
"hosts": [
"10.0.0.1",
"127.0.0.1",
"192.168.66.130", //master1節點
"192.168.66.131", //master2節點
"192.168.66.100", //vip地址
"192.168.66.134", //負載調度器 (master)
"192.168.66.139", //負載調度器 (backup)
"kubernetes",
"kubernetes.default",
"kubernetes.default.svc",
"kubernetes.default.svc.cluster",
"kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local"
],
"key": {
"algo": "rsa",
"size": 2048
},
"names": [
{
"C": "CN",
"L": "BeiJing",
"ST": "BeiJing",
"O": "k8s",
"OU": "System"
}
]
}
EOF
#使用之前的文件生成server證書
cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes server-csr.json | cfssljson -bare server
#編寫用戶證書
cat > admin-csr.json <<EOF
{
"CN": "admin",
"hosts": [],
"key": {
"algo": "rsa",
"size": 2048
},
"names": [
{
"C": "CN",
"L": "BeiJing",
"ST": "BeiJing",
"O": "system:masters",
"OU": "System"
}
]
}
EOF
cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes admin-csr.json | cfssljson -bare admin
# 編寫 kube-proxy 證書
cat > kube-proxy-csr.json <<EOF
{
"CN": "system:kube-proxy",
"hosts": [],
"key": {
"algo": "rsa",
"size": 2048
},
"names": [
{
"C": "CN",
"L": "BeiJing",
"ST": "BeiJing",
"O": "k8s",
"OU": "System"
}
]
}
EOF
cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes kube-proxy-csr.json | cfssljson -bare kube-proxy
3、執行腳本,並把通信證書拷貝到 /opt/kubernetes/ssl目錄下
[root@localhost k8s-cert]# bash k8s-cert.sh
[root@localhost k8s-cert]# cp ca*pem server*pem /opt/kubernetes/ssl/
2.1.2、解壓二進制文件
1、解壓k8s安裝包
[root@localhost k8s]# tar zxvf kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz
2、複製關鍵的命令文件到/opt/kubernetes/bin/
[root@localhost k8s]# cd /root/k8s/kubernetes/server/bin
[root@localhost bin]# cp kube-apiserver kubectl kube-controller-manager kube-scheduler /opt/kubernetes/bin/
2.1.3、製作token令牌
//使用下面的 head命令 隨機生成序列號
[root@localhost k8s]# head -c 16 /dev/urandom | od -An -t x | tr -d ' '
5215984ab589158ffaf315249da4c0c9 #複製序列號寫入 token.csv 中
[root@localhost k8s]# vim /opt/kubernetes/cfg/token.csv
#寫入內容:序列號,用戶名,id,角色
5215984ab589158ffaf315249da4c0c9,kubelet-bootstrap,10001,"system:kubelet-bootstrap"
2.1.4、開啓 apiserver
1、二進制文件、token令牌、證書都準備好了,開啓apiserver,指向ETCD集羣,把信息保存到ETCD中。
[root@localhost k8s]# bash apiserver.sh 192.168.66.130 https://192.168.66.130:2379,https://192.168.66.132:2379,https://192.168.66.133:2379
apiserver.sh腳本
#!/bin/bash
MASTER_ADDRESS=$1
ETCD_SERVERS=$2
#在k8s工作目錄裏生成kube-apiserver 配置文件
cat <<EOF >/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-apiserver
KUBE_APISERVER_OPTS="--logtostderr=true \\
--v=4 \\
--etcd-servers=${ETCD_SERVERS} \\
--bind-address=${MASTER_ADDRESS} \\
--secure-port=6443 \\
--advertise-address=${MASTER_ADDRESS} \\
--allow-privileged=true \\
--service-cluster-ip-range=10.0.0.0/24 \\
--enable-admission-plugins=NamespaceLifecycle,LimitRanger,ServiceAccount,ResourceQuota,NodeRestriction \\
--authorization-mode=RBAC,Node \\
--kubelet-https=true \\
--enable-bootstrap-token-auth \\
--token-auth-file=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/token.csv \\
--service-node-port-range=30000-50000 \\
--tls-cert-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server.pem \\
--tls-private-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server-key.pem \\
--client-ca-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \\
--service-account-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \\
--etcd-cafile=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \\
--etcd-certfile=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem \\
--etcd-keyfile=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem"
EOF
#生成啓動腳本
cat <<EOF >/usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-apiserver.service
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes API Server
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=-/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-apiserver
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-apiserver \$KUBE_APISERVER_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF
#啓動apiserver組件
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable kube-apiserver
systemctl restart kube-apiserver
2、檢查進程是否啓動成功。
[root@localhost k8s]# ps aux | grep kube
3、查看監聽的https端口
[root@localhost k8s]# netstat -natp | grep 6443
[root@localhost k8s]# netstat -natp | grep 8080
2.2、部署scheduler
scheduler.sh腳本內容:
[root@localhost k8s]# vim scheduler.sh
#!/bin/bash
MASTER_ADDRESS=$1
cat <<EOF >/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-scheduler
KUBE_SCHEDULER_OPTS="--logtostderr=true \\
--v=4 \\
--master=${MASTER_ADDRESS}:8080 \\
--leader-elect"
EOF
cat <<EOF >/usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-scheduler.service
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Scheduler
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=-/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-scheduler
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-scheduler \$KUBE_SCHEDULER_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable kube-scheduler
systemctl restart kube-scheduler
啓動scheduler服務
[root@localhost k8s]# ./scheduler.sh 127.0.0.1
2.3、部署controller-manager
controller-manager.sh腳本編寫內容:
[root@localhost k8s]# vim controller-manager.sh
#!/bin/bash
MASTER_ADDRESS=$1
cat <<EOF >/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-controller-manager
KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_OPTS="--logtostderr=true \\
--v=4 \\
--master=${MASTER_ADDRESS}:8080 \\
--leader-elect=true \\
--address=127.0.0.1 \\
--service-cluster-ip-range=10.0.0.0/24 \\
--cluster-name=kubernetes \\
--cluster-signing-cert-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \\
--cluster-signing-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \\
--root-ca-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \\
--service-account-private-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \\
--experimental-cluster-signing-duration=87600h0m0s"
EOF
cat <<EOF >/usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-controller-manager.service
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Controller Manager
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=-/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-controller-manager
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-controller-manager \$KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable kube-controller-manager
systemctl restart kube-controller-manager
啓動controller-manager
[root@localhost k8s]# ./controller-manager.sh 127.0.0.1
查看master節點狀態
[root@localhost k8s]# /opt/kubernetes/bin/kubectl get cs
三、部署node節點組件
在 node上要部署以下三大核心組件:
kubelet:是master在node節點上的agent,可以管理本機運行容器的生命週期,例如創建容器、Pod掛載數據卷、下載secret、獲取容器和節點狀態等工作,kubelet 將每個 Pod轉換成一組容器。
kube-proxy:在 node節點上實現 Pod網絡代理,維護網絡規劃和四層負載均衡工作。
docker:容器(我們前面已經安裝好了)
3.1、部署kubeconfig
- 在master節點上進行操作
1、在master上,把 kubelet、kube-proxy 拷貝到 兩個node節點上去
[root@localhost k8s]# cd kubernetes/server/bin/
[root@localhost bin]# scp kubelet kube-proxy [email protected]:/opt/kubernetes/bin/
[root@localhost bin]# scp kubelet kube-proxy [email protected]:/opt/kubernetes/bin/
2、編寫kubeconfig腳本
[root@localhost k8s]# mkdir kubeconfig
[root@localhost k8s]# cd kubeconfig/
//獲取token信息
[root@localhost kubeconfig]# cat /opt/kubernetes/cfg/token.csv
5215984ab589158ffaf315249da4c0c9,kubelet-bootstrap,10001,"system:kubelet-bootstrap"
//拷貝kubeconfig.sh文件進行重命名
[root@localhost kubeconfig]# mv kubeconfig.sh kubeconfig
[root@localhost kubeconfig]# vim kubeconfig
# 創建 TLS Bootstrapping Token
#BOOTSTRAP_TOKEN=$(head -c 16 /dev/urandom | od -An -t x | tr -d ' ')
BOOTSTRAP_TOKEN=0fb61c46f8991b718eb38d27b605b008
cat > token.csv <<EOF
${BOOTSTRAP_TOKEN},kubelet-bootstrap,10001,"system:kubelet-bootstrap"
EOF
#----------------------
APISERVER=$1
SSL_DIR=$2
# 創建kubelet bootstrapping kubeconfig
export KUBE_APISERVER="https://$APISERVER:6443"
# 設置集羣參數
kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
--certificate-authority=$SSL_DIR/ca.pem \
--embed-certs=true \
--server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \
--kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig
# 設置客戶端認證參數
kubectl config set-credentials kubelet-bootstrap \
--token=${BOOTSTRAP_TOKEN} \
--kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig
# 設置上下文參數
kubectl config set-context default \
--cluster=kubernetes \
--user=kubelet-bootstrap \
--kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig
# 設置默認上下文
kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig
#----------------------
# 創建kube-proxy kubeconfig文件
kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
--certificate-authority=$SSL_DIR/ca.pem \
--embed-certs=true \
--server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \
--kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig
kubectl config set-credentials kube-proxy \
--client-certificate=$SSL_DIR/kube-proxy.pem \
--client-key=$SSL_DIR/kube-proxy-key.pem \
--embed-certs=true \
--kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig
kubectl config set-context default \
--cluster=kubernetes \
--user=kube-proxy \
--kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig
kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig
3、設置環境變量,使可以在任意目錄下識別kubectl命令
[root@localhost kubeconfig]# export PATH=$PATH:/opt/kubernetes/bin/
4、檢查健康狀態
[root@localhost kubeconfig]# kubectl get cs
5、運行kubeconfig腳本生成配置文件
[root@localhost kubeconfig]# bash kubeconfig 192.168.66.130 /root/k8s/k8s-cert/
將生成的配置文件傳給兩個node節點
[root@localhost kubeconfig]# scp bootstrap.kubeconfig kube-proxy.kubeconfig [email protected]:/opt/kubernetes/cfg/
[root@localhost kubeconfig]# scp bootstrap.kubeconfig kube-proxy.kubeconfig [email protected]:/opt/kubernetes/cfg/
6、創建 bootstrap角色賦予權限,用於連接 apiserver請求籤名(重要)
[root@localhost kubeconfig]# kubectl create clusterrolebinding kubelet-bootstrap --clusterrole=system:node-bootstrapper --user=kubelet-bootstrap
3.2、部署node1的kubelet組件
在node1節點上操作**
-
//nod01節點操作(複製node.zip到/root目錄下再解壓) [root@localhost ~]# ls anaconda-ks.cfg flannel-v0.10.0-linux-amd64.tar.gz node.zip 公共 視頻 文檔 音樂 flannel.sh initial-setup-ks.cfg README.md 模板 圖片 下載 桌面 //解壓node.zip,獲得kubelet.sh proxy.sh [root@localhost ~]# unzip node.zip
1、編寫kubelet.sh腳本
#!/bin/bash
NODE_ADDRESS=$1
DNS_SERVER_IP=${2:-"10.0.0.2"}
cat <<EOF >/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet
KUBELET_OPTS="--logtostderr=true \\
--v=4 \\
--hostname-override=${NODE_ADDRESS} \\
--kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.kubeconfig \\
--bootstrap-kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/bootstrap.kubeconfig \\
--config=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.config \\
--cert-dir=/opt/kubernetes/ssl \\
--pod-infra-container-image=registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google-containers/pause-amd64:3.0"
EOF
cat <<EOF >/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.config
kind: KubeletConfiguration
apiVersion: kubelet.config.k8s.io/v1beta1
address: ${NODE_ADDRESS}
port: 10250
readOnlyPort: 10255
cgroupDriver: cgroupfs
clusterDNS:
- ${DNS_SERVER_IP}
clusterDomain: cluster.local.
failSwapOn: false
authentication:
anonymous:
enabled: true
EOF
cat <<EOF >/usr/lib/systemd/system/kubelet.service
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Kubelet
After=docker.service
Requires=docker.service
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kubelet \$KUBELET_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
KillMode=process
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable kubelet
systemctl restart kubelet
2、加執行權限
[root@localhost ~]# chmod +x /root/kubelet.sh
3、運行腳本啓動kubelet,向master集羣發送請求
[root@localhost ~]# bash kubelet.sh 192.168.66.132
4、檢查 kubelet 服務啓動
[root@localhost ~]# ps aux | grep kube
5、在master節點上,檢查 node01 節點的請求
//用下面這個命令檢查得到node1請求,並複製node1請求的名字
[root@localhost kubeconfig]# kubectl get csr
6、master設置同意連接請求,頒發證書
//同意請求的命令格式:kubectl certificate approve node1請求的NAME
[root@localhost kubeconfig]# kubectl certificate approve node-csr-UWHx5twdszUBAKSIajgOat46vnZQ2IpZa4-_E_FkB4w
[root@localhost kubeconfig]# kubectl get csr #發現狀態變成允許
7、查看羣集節點,成功加入 node01 節點
[root@localhost kubeconfig]# kubectl get node
3.3、部署node1 的kube-proxy組件
1、編寫proxy.sh 腳本
#!/bin/bash
NODE_ADDRESS=$1
cat <<EOF >/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy
KUBE_PROXY_OPTS="--logtostderr=true \\
--v=4 \\
--hostname-override=${NODE_ADDRESS} \\
--cluster-cidr=10.0.0.0/24 \\
--proxy-mode=ipvs \\
--kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.kubeconfig"
EOF
cat <<EOF >/usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-proxy.service
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Proxy
After=network.target
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=-/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-proxy \$KUBE_PROXY_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable kube-proxy
systemctl restart kube-proxy
2、加執行權限
[root@localhost ~]# chmod +x /root/proxy.sh
3、在 node1節點上操作,啓動 proxy服務,並查看狀態是否正常
[root@localhost ~]# bash proxy.sh 192.168.66.132
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl status kube-proxy.service
3.4、部署node2節點的 kubelet 和 kube-proxy 服務
1、爲了提高效率,我們將 node01上現成的 /opt/kubernetes目錄複製到其他節點進行修改。
[root@localhost ~]# scp -r /opt/kubernetes/ [email protected]:/opt/
再把kubelet,kube-proxy的service文件拷貝到node2中
scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/{kubelet,kube-proxy}.service [email protected]:/usr/lib/systemd/system/
2、接下來在 node02 節點上的操作
首先,先刪除複製過來的證書,因爲待會 node02 會自行申請屬於自己的證書
[root@localhost ~]# cd /opt/kubernetes/ssl/
[root@localhost ssl]# rm -rf *
修改配置文件 kubelet 、kubelet.config 、kube-proxy(三個配置文件)中node1的IP地址
[root@localhost ssl]# cd /opt/kubernetes/cfg/
[root@localhost cfg]# vim kubelet
[root@localhost cfg]# vim kubelet.config
[root@localhost cfg]# vim kube-proxy
3、啓動node2節點的 kubelet、kube-proxy 服務,並設置開機自啓
[root@localhost cfg]# systemctl start kubelet.service
[root@localhost cfg]# systemctl enable kubelet.service
[root@localhost cfg]# systemctl start kube-proxy.service
[root@localhost cfg]# systemctl enable kube-proxy.service
4、在master上查看node2節點的請求
[root@localhost kubeconfig]# kubectl get csr
接下來和剛剛一樣,授權許可加入集羣
[root@localhost kubeconfig]# kubectl certificate approve node-csr-ygkcxiRs2_EJw6A8N8m2SHnXOqU_I1Bs1BrfP21GzfM
四、驗證集羣
查看羣集中的節點
[root@localhost ~]# kubectl get node