文章目錄
一、環境及軟件包
接博客:Kubernetes集羣二進制部署(一)——Etcd數據庫羣集功能部署、flannel網絡組建
節點規劃
服務器 | IP | 安裝軟件 |
---|---|---|
Master01 | 192.168.11.11 | kube-apiserver、kube-controller-manager、kube-scheduler、etcd |
Master02 | 192.168.11.12 | kube-apiserver、kube-controller-manager、kube-scheduler |
負載均衡LB01 | 192.168.11.13 | nginx、keepalived |
負載均衡LB02 | 192.168.11.14 | nginx、keepalived |
Node01 | 192.168.11.16 | kubelet、kube-proxy、docker 、flannel 、etcd |
Node02 | 192.168.11.17 | kubelet、kube-proxy、docker 、flannel 、etcd |
二、部署master組件
master節點負責爲用戶和客戶端暴露API、追蹤集羣節點的健康狀態、調度工作負載、以及編排其他組件之間的通信等。
master主要組件:
① Kube-apiserver
② Kube-controller-manager
③ kube-scheduler
配置文件——>systemctl管理組件——>啓動
以下mastr組件部署均在在master節點上操作
1、api-server
1) api-server生成證書
#將腳本拷貝至k8s目錄中,解壓(腳本先前已編寫好)
[root@master k8s]# unzip master.zip
解壓後有三個腳本,後面會用到,注意:三個腳本都要有執行權限
① 創建/opt/k8s/工作目錄(cfg配置文件目錄,bin命令文件目錄,ssl證書文件目錄)
[root@master k8s]# mkdir -p /opt/kubernetes/{cfg,ssl,bin}
② 製作api-server證書
#創建k8s證書目錄
[root@master k8s]# mkdir k8s-cert
[root@master k8s]# cd k8s-cert/
#編寫生成證書腳本
[root@master k8s-cert]# vim k8s-cert.sh
#生成ca證書的配置文件
cat > ca-config.json <<EOF
{
"signing": {
"default": {
"expiry": "87600h"
},
"profiles": {
"kubernetes": {
"expiry": "87600h",
"usages": [
"signing",
"key encipherment",
"server auth",
"client auth"
]
}
}
}
}
EOF
#生成ca簽名文件
cat > ca-csr.json <<EOF
{
"CN": "kubernetes",
"key": {
"algo": "rsa",
"size": 2048
},
"names": [
{
"C": "CN",
"L": "Beijing",
"ST": "Beijing",
"O": "k8s",
"OU": "System"
}
]
}
EOF
cfssl gencert -initca ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare ca -
#生成apiserver服務端的簽名證書
#注意:master02節點和LB節點的IP地址是爲了部署之後的多master集羣
cat > server-csr.json <<EOF
{
"CN": "kubernetes",
"hosts": [
"10.0.0.1",
"127.0.0.1",
"192.168.11.11", #master01節點
"192.168.11.12", #master02節點
"192.168.11.100", #VIP地址
"192.168.11.13", #負載調度器(master節點)
"192.168.11.14", #負載調度器(backup節點)
"kubernetes",
"kubernetes.default",
"kubernetes.default.svc",
"kubernetes.default.svc.cluster",
"kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local"
],
"key": {
"algo": "rsa",
"size": 2048
},
"names": [
{
"C": "CN",
"L": "BeiJing",
"ST": "BeiJing",
"O": "k8s",
"OU": "System"
}
]
}
EOF
cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes server-csr.json | cfssljson -bare server
#生成服務器管理員證書
cat > admin-csr.json <<EOF
{
"CN": "admin",
"hosts": [],
"key": {
"algo": "rsa",
"size": 2048
},
"names": [
{
"C": "CN",
"L": "BeiJing",
"ST": "BeiJing",
"O": "system:masters",
"OU": "System"
}
]
}
EOF
cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes admin-csr.json | cfssljson -bare admin
# 生成kube-proxy 代理端證書
cat > kube-proxy-csr.json <<EOF
{
"CN": "system:kube-proxy",
"hosts": [],
"key": {
"algo": "rsa",
"size": 2048
},
"names": [
{
"C": "CN",
"L": "BeiJing",
"ST": "BeiJing",
"O": "k8s",
"OU": "System"
}
]
}
EOF
cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes kube-proxy-csr.json | cfssljson -bare kube-proxy
#執行腳本
[root@master k8s-cert]# bash k8s-cert.sh
一共生成8個證書。ca、server服務端、管理員、proxy 代理端各2個證書
#將ca證書及server證書複製到ssl證書文件目錄中
[root@master k8s-cert]# cp ca*pem server*pem /opt/kubernetes/ssl/
2)解壓k8s服務器端壓縮包
#解壓服務器端kubernetes軟件包,會生成很多組件
[root@master k8s]# tar zxvf kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz
#解壓後包含服務端及客戶端所需要的命令及組件
#複製關鍵命令文件至/opt/bin命令文件目錄中
[root@master bin]# cp kube-controller-manager kube-scheduler kubectl kube-apiserver /opt/kubernetes/bin/
3)創建token令牌
#生成序列號
[root@master bin]# head -c 16 /dev/urandom | od -An -t x | tr -d ' '
6dfb1e91be76b68a01258330c875859
#編輯令牌,綁定用戶,id及角色kubelet-bootstrap
root@master k8s]# vim /opt/kubernetes/cfg/token.csv
#序列號,用戶名,id,角色
6dfb1e91be76b68a01258330c875859,kubelet-bootstrap,10001,"system:kubelet-bootstrap"
4)開啓apiserver
#二進制文件,token,證書都準備好,開啓apiserver,將信息寫入etcd中
[root@master bin]# cd ~/k8s/
[root@master k8s]# bash apiserver.sh 192.168.11.11 https://192.168.11.11:2379,https://192.168.11.16:2379,https://192.168.11.17:2379
apiserver.sh腳本如下
#!/bin/bash
MASTER_ADDRESS=$1
ETCD_SERVERS=$2#在k8s工作目錄裏生成kube-apiserver 配置文件
cat </opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-apiserverKUBE_APISERVER_OPTS="–logtostderr=true \
–v=4 \
–etcd-servers={MASTER_ADDRESS} \
–secure-port=6443 \
–advertise-address=${MASTER_ADDRESS} \
–allow-privileged=true \
–service-cluster-ip-range=10.0.0.0/24 \
–enable-admission-plugins=NamespaceLifecycle,LimitRanger,ServiceAccount,ResourceQuota,NodeRestriction \
–authorization-mode=RBAC,Node \
–kubelet-https=true \
–enable-bootstrap-token-auth \
–token-auth-file=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/token.csv \
–service-node-port-range=30000-50000 \
–tls-cert-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server.pem \
–tls-private-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server-key.pem \
–client-ca-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
–service-account-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \
–etcd-cafile=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \
–etcd-certfile=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem \
–etcd-keyfile=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem"EOF
#生成啓動腳本
cat </usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-apiserver.service
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes API Server
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes[Service]
EnvironmentFile=-/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-apiserver
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-apiserver $KUBE_APISERVER_OPTS
Restart=on-failure[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF#啓動apiserver組件
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable kube-apiserver
systemctl restart kube-apiserver
#檢查進程是否啓動成功
[root@master k8s]# ps aux | grep kube
#查看監聽的https端口
[root@master k8s]# netstat -ntap | grep 6443
[root@master k8s]# netstat -ntap | grep 8080
2、啓動scheduler服務
scheduler.sh腳本如下
cat scheduler.sh #!/bin/bash MASTER_ADDRESS=$1 cat <<EOF >/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-scheduler KUBE_SCHEDULER_OPTS="--logtostderr=true \\ --v=4 \\ --master=${MASTER_ADDRESS}:8080 \\ --leader-elect" EOF cat <<EOF >/usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-scheduler.service [Unit] Description=Kubernetes Scheduler Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes [Service] EnvironmentFile=-/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-scheduler ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-scheduler \$KUBE_SCHEDULER_OPTS Restart=on-failure [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target EOF systemctl daemon-reload systemctl enable kube-scheduler systemctl restart kube-scheduler
#啓動scheduler服務
[root@master k8s]# ./scheduler.sh 127.0.0.1
#檢查進程是否啓動成功
[root@master k8s]# ps aux | grep scheduler
[root@master k8s]# systemctl status kube-scheduler.service
3、啓動controller-manager
controller-manager.sh 腳本如下:
cat controller-manager.sh #!/bin/bash MASTER_ADDRESS=$1 cat <<EOF >/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-controller-manager KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_OPTS="--logtostderr=true \\ --v=4 \\ --master=${MASTER_ADDRESS}:8080 \\ --leader-elect=true \\ --address=127.0.0.1 \\ --service-cluster-ip-range=10.0.0.0/24 \\ --cluster-name=kubernetes \\ --cluster-signing-cert-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \\ --cluster-signing-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \\ --root-ca-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \\ --service-account-private-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \\ --experimental-cluster-signing-duration=87600h0m0s" EOF cat <<EOF >/usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-controller-manager.service [Unit] Description=Kubernetes Controller Manager Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes [Service] EnvironmentFile=-/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-controller-manager ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-controller-manager \$KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_OPTS Restart=on-failure [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target EOF systemctl daemon-reload systemctl enable kube-controller-manager systemctl restart kube-controller-manager
#啓動controller-manager
[root@master k8s]# ./controller-manager.sh 127.0.0.1
#檢查進程是否啓動成功
[root@master k8s]# systemctl status kube-controller-manager.service
4、查看master節點狀態
#顯示當前健康值
[root@master k8s]# /opt/kubernetes/bin/kubectl get cs
注意:如有問題,檢查集羣各節點etcd是否有開啓,建議所有節點的服務均設爲開機自啓
三、node節點部署
node 是 k8s 集羣中的工作節點,以 pod 的形式運行容器,Node 負責接收來自 master 節點 的工作指令並根據指令來創建或銷燬 pod(容器) 對象,以及調整網絡規劃以便合理的路由和轉發流量。
node主要組件:
① kubelet
② kube-proxy
③ docker
#在master上,將kubelet、kube-proxy組件拷貝到兩個node節點上
[root@master k8s]# /root/k8s/kubernetes/server/bin
[root@master bin]# scp kubelet kube-proxy [email protected]:/opt/kubernetes/bin/
[root@master bin]# scp kubelet kube-proxy [email protected]:/opt/kubernetes/bin/
#兩個node節點操作,將腳本拷貝至root目錄中,解壓(腳本先前已編寫好)
[root@node01 ~]# unzip node.zip
解壓後有兩個腳本,啓動服務的時候會用到
1、創建kubeconfig
在master節點操作
① 創建kuconfig目錄,添加kuconfig.sh文件
[root@master k8s]# mkdir kubeconfig
[root@master k8s]# cd kubeconfig/
[root@master kubeconfig]# vim kubeconfig.sh
APISERVER=$1
SSL_DIR=$2
# 創建kubelet bootstrapping kubeconfig
export KUBE_APISERVER="https://$APISERVER:6443"
# 設置集羣參數
kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
--certificate-authority=$SSL_DIR/ca.pem \
--embed-certs=true \
--server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \
--kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig
# 設置客戶端認證參數
kubectl config set-credentials kubelet-bootstrap \
--token=6dfb1e91be76b68a01258330c875859 \ #修改token序列號,使用cat /opt/kubernetes/cfg/token.csv獲取token信息
--kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig
# 設置上下文參數
kubectl config set-context default \
--cluster=kubernetes \
--user=kubelet-bootstrap \
--kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig
# 設置默認上下文
kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig
# 創建kube-proxy kubeconfig文件
kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
--certificate-authority=$SSL_DIR/ca.pem \
--embed-certs=true \
--server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \
--kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig
kubectl config set-credentials kube-proxy \
--client-certificate=$SSL_DIR/kube-proxy.pem \
--client-key=$SSL_DIR/kube-proxy-key.pem \
--embed-certs=true \
--kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig
kubectl config set-context default \
--cluster=kubernetes \
--user=kube-proxy \
--kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig
kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig
② 設置環境變量,使系統能夠識別kubectl指令(也可以寫入到/etc/profile中,注意,使用此方法需要source /etc/profile,使其生效 )
[root@master kubeconfig]# export PATH=$PATH:/opt/kubernetes/bin/
③ 生成配置文件
[root@master kubeconfig]# bash kubeconfig.sh 192.168.11.11 /root/k8s/k8s-cert/
④ 將生成的配置文件拷貝至兩個node節點
[root@master kubeconfig]# scp bootstrap.kubeconfig kube-proxy.kubeconfig [email protected]:/opt/kubernetes/cfg/
[root@master kubeconfig]# scp bootstrap.kubeconfig kube-proxy.kubeconfig [email protected]:/opt/kubernetes/cfg/
⑤ 創建bootstrap角色賦予權限用於連接apiserver請求籤名(關鍵)
[root@master kubeconfig]# kubectl create clusterrolebinding kubelet-bootstrap --clusterrole=system:node-bootstrapper --user=kubelet-bootstrap
2、node01部署kubelet
kubelet.sh腳本如下:
vim kubelet.sh #!/bin/bash NODE_ADDRESS=$1 DNS_SERVER_IP=${2:-"10.0.0.2"} cat <<EOF >/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet KUBELET_OPTS="--logtostderr=true \\ --v=4 \\ --hostname-override=${NODE_ADDRESS} \\ --kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.kubeconfig \\ --bootstrap-kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/bootstrap.kubeconfig \\ --config=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.config \\ --cert-dir=/opt/kubernetes/ssl \\ --pod-infra-container-image=registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google-containers/pause-amd64:3.0" EOF cat <<EOF >/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.config kind: KubeletConfiguration apiVersion: kubelet.config.k8s.io/v1beta1 address: ${NODE_ADDRESS} port: 10250 readOnlyPort: 10255 cgroupDriver: cgroupfs clusterDNS: - ${DNS_SERVER_IP} clusterDomain: cluster.local. failSwapOn: false authentication: anonymous: enabled: true EOF cat <<EOF >/usr/lib/systemd/system/kubelet.service [Unit] Description=Kubernetes Kubelet After=docker.service Requires=docker.service [Service] EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kubelet \$KUBELET_OPTS Restart=on-failure KillMode=process [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target EOF systemctl daemon-reload systemctl enable kubelet systemctl restart kubelet
① 執行腳本,啓動kubelet,向master集羣發送請求(node01上操作)
[root@node01 ~]# bash kubelet.sh 192.168.11.16
[root@node01 ~]# ls /opt/kubernetes/cfg/
bootstrap.kubeconfig flanneld kubelet kubelet.config kube-proxy.kubeconfig
[root@node01 ~]# systemctl status kubelet.service
② 檢查到node01節點的請求(在master上檢查)
[root@master ~]# kubectl get csr
#pending狀態 等待master給該node節點頒發證書
如果檢查不到後端的節點,先檢查kubelet,再檢查api-server
如果多節點,可能就是VIP 地址消失(keepalive的問題)
③ master給node頒發證書(在master上操作)
- approve 同意一個自簽證書請求
[root@master ~]# kubectl certificate approve node-csr-t4_Qii1MlT-ArVjpOGdyFP4_npyo6JWLIj7mv3Vh-mM
④ 再次檢查證書狀態
#Approved,Issued 已經被允許加入集羣
⑤ 查看集羣節點
[root@master ~]# kubectl get node
#成功加入node01節點
3、node01啓動proxy服務
proxy.sh腳本如下
vim proxy.sh #!/bin/bash NODE_ADDRESS=$1 cat <<EOF >/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy KUBE_PROXY_OPTS="--logtostderr=true \\ --v=4 \\ --hostname-override=${NODE_ADDRESS} \\ --cluster-cidr=10.0.0.0/24 \\ --proxy-mode=ipvs \\ --kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.kubeconfig" EOF cat <<EOF >/usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-proxy.service [Unit] Description=Kubernetes Proxy After=network.target [Service] EnvironmentFile=-/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-proxy \$KUBE_PROXY_OPTS Restart=on-failure [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target EOF systemctl daemon-reload systemctl enable kube-proxy systemctl restart kube-prox
#啓動proxy服務
[root@node01 ~]# bash proxy.sh 192.168.11.16
[root@node01 ~]# systemctl status kube-proxy.service
至此,master在node01節點上的代理功能就完成了
4、部署node02節點
① 將node01上的kubernetes目錄及啓動腳本拷貝
#把node01節點上/opt/kubernetes目錄複製到其他節點進行修改即可
[root@node01 ~]# scp -r /opt/kubernetes/ [email protected]:/opt
#把kubelet,kube-proxy的service文件拷貝到node2中
[root@node01 ~]# scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/{kubelet,kube-proxy}.service [email protected]:/usr/lib/systemd/system/
② 將拷貝過來的文件進行修改使用(在node02上操作)
#首先,先刪除複製過來的證書,待會 node02 會自行證書
[root@node02 ~]# cd /opt/kubernetes/ssl/
[root@node02 ssl]# rm -rf *
#修改配置文件kubelet kubelet.config kube-proxy(三個配置文件)
ip均修改爲本節點IP
[root@node02 ssl]# cd ../cfg/
[root@node02 cfg]# vim kubelet
[root@node02 cfg]# vim kubelet.config
[root@node02 cfg]# vim kube-proxy
③ 啓動服務
[root@node02 cfg]# systemctl start kubelet.service
[root@node02 cfg]# systemctl enable kubelet.service
[root@node02 cfg]# systemctl status kubelet.service
[root@node02 cfg]# systemctl start kube-proxy.service
[root@node02 cfg]# systemctl enable kube-proxy.service
[root@node02 cfg]# systemctl status kube-proxy.service
④ 檢查到node01節點的請求(在master上操作)
[root@master ~]# kubectl get csr
NAME AGE REQUESTOR CONDITION
node-csr-i4PL7yF5GLHJV3XmK3S144BQmW_edVfpkRk0CFCJV9M 4m16s kubelet-bootstrap Pending
node-csr-t4_Qii1MlT-ArVjpOGdyFP4_npyo6JWLIj7mv3Vh-mM 36m kubelet-bootstrap Approved,Issued
#pending狀態 等待master給該node節點頒發證書
#授權許可加入羣集
[root@master ~]# kubectl certificate approve node-csr-i4PL7yF5GLHJV3XmK3S144BQmW_edVfpkRk0CFCJV9M
certificatesigningrequest.certificates.k8s.io/node-csr-i4PL7yF5GLHJV3XmK3S144BQmW_edVfpkRk0CFCJV9M approved
[root@master ~]# kubectl get csr
四、查看羣集中的節點
[root@master ~]# kubectl get node
至此,二進制部署單master集羣已經完成了。後續會繼續部署多master集羣,請多關注