一、前言
主要包括，打開瀏覽器、關閉瀏覽器、瀏覽器前進，後退操作、隱式等待、關閉當前窗口、保存圖片、重寫定位元素、輸入、清除文本框內容、點擊元素、獲取網頁標題、重寫send_keys方法、重寫跳轉iframe方法、切回父級iframe等內容。
二、源碼
import os
import time
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.common.exceptions import NoSuchElementException
from selenium.webdriver import ActionChains
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys
from AutoUppCxpay.utils.Logger import Logger # 自己封裝的logger類
'''--create a logger instance--'''
logger = Logger(logger="BasePage").getlog()
class BasePage(object):
"""
定義一個頁面基類，讓所有頁面都繼承這個類，封裝一些常用的頁面操作方法到這個類
"""
'''--初始化--'''
def __init__(self, driver:webdriver.Chrome):
self.driver = driver
'''--定義open方法--'''
def open(self, url):
self.driver.maximize_window()
self.driver.get(url)
'''--quit browser and end testing--'''
def quit_browser(self):
self.driver.quit()
'''--瀏覽器前進操作--'''
def forward(self):
self.driver.forward()
logger.info("Click forward on current page.")
'''--瀏覽器後退操作--'''
def back(self):
self.driver.back()
logger.info("Click back on current page.")
'''--隱式等待--'''
def wait(self, seconds):
self.driver.implicitly_wait(seconds)
logger.info("wait for %d seconds." % seconds)
'''--點擊關閉當前窗口--'''
def close(self):
try:
self.driver.close()
logger.info("Closing and quit the browser.")
except NameError as e:
logger.error("Failed to quit the browser with %s" % e)
'''--保存圖片--'''
def get_windows_img(self):
"""
在這裏我們把file_path這個參數寫死，直接保存到我們項目根目錄的一個文件夾.\Screenshots下
"""
file_path = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath('.')) + '/Screenshots/'
rq = time.strftime('%Y%m%d%H%M', time.localtime(time.time()))
screen_name = file_path + rq + '.png'
try:
self.driver.get_screenshot_as_file(screen_name)
logger.info("Had take screenshot and save to folder : /Screenshots")
except NameError as e:
logger.error("Failed to take screenshot! %s" % e)
self.get_windows_img()
'''--重寫定位元素方法--'''
def find_element(self, selector):
"""
這個地方爲什麼是根據=>來切割字符串，請看頁面裏定位元素的方法
submit_btn = "id=>su"
login_lnk = "xpath => //*[@id='u1']/a[7]" # 百度首頁登錄鏈接定位
如果採用等號，結果很多xpath表達式中包含一個=，這樣會造成切割不準確，影響元素定位
:param selector:
:return: element
"""
element = ''
if '=>' not in selector:
return self.driver.find_element_by_id(selector)
selector_by = selector.split('=>')[0]
selector_value = selector.split('=>')[1]
if selector_by == "i" or selector_by == 'id':
try:
element = self.driver.find_element_by_id(selector_value)
logger.info("Had find the element \" %s \" successful "
"by %s via value: %s " % (element.text, selector_by, selector_value))
except NoSuchElementException as e:
logger.error("NoSuchElementException: %s" % e)
self.get_windows_img() # take screenshot
elif selector_by == "n" or selector_by == 'name':
element = self.driver.find_element_by_name(selector_value)
elif selector_by == "c" or selector_by == 'class_name':
element = self.driver.find_element_by_class_name(selector_value)
elif selector_by == "l" or selector_by == 'link_text':
element = self.driver.find_element_by_link_text(selector_value)
elif selector_by == "p" or selector_by == 'partial_link_text':
element = self.driver.find_element_by_partial_link_text(selector_value)
elif selector_by == "t" or selector_by == 'tag_name':
element = self.driver.find_element_by_tag_name(selector_value)
elif selector_by == "x" or selector_by == 'xpath':
try:
element = self.driver.find_element_by_xpath(selector_value)
logger.info("Had find the element \" %s \" successful "
"by %s via value: %s " % (element.text, selector_by, selector_value))
except NoSuchElementException as e:
logger.error("NoSuchElementException: %s" % e)
self.get_windows_img()
elif selector_by == "s" or selector_by == 'selector_selector':
element = self.driver.find_element_by_css_selector(selector_value)
else:
raise NameError("Please enter a valid type of targeting elements.")
return element
'''--輸入--'''
def input_text(self, selector, text):
el = self.find_element(selector)
el.clear()
try:
el.send_keys(text)
logger.info("Had type \" %s \" in inputBox" % text)
except NameError as e:
logger.error("Failed to type in input box with %s" % e)
self.get_windows_img()
'''--清除文本框--'''
def clear(self, selector):
el = self.find_element(selector)
try:
el.clear()
logger.info("Clear text in input box before typing.")
except NameError as e:
logger.error("Failed to clear in input box with %s" % e)
self.get_windows_img()
'''--點擊元素--'''
def click(self, selector):
el = self.find_element(selector)
try:
el.click()
logger.info("The element \" %s \" was clicked." % el.text)
except NameError as e:
logger.error("Failed to click the element with %s" % e)
'''--獲取網頁標題--'''
def get_page_title(self):
logger.info("Current page title is %s" % self.driver.title)
return self.driver.title
'''--重寫send_keys方法--'''
def send_keys(self, loc, value, clear_first=True, clik_first=True):
try:
if clik_first:
self.find_element(*loc).click()
if clear_first:
self.find_element(*loc).clear()
self.find_element(*loc).send_keys(value)
except AttributeError:
print("未找到%s" % loc)
'''--重寫跳轉iframe方法'''
def turn_switch_to_iframe(self, iframe="xpath=>//*[@id=\"iframe\"]"):
element = self.find_element(iframe)
self.driver.switch_to.frame(element)
self.sleep(1)
print("--------------------找到了iframe元素！--------------------")
'''--切回父級iframe--'''
def turn_back_iframe(self):
self.driver.switch_to.default_content()
"""--多選、單選元素獲取方法--"""
def select_by_text(self, selectByText):
if selectByText is not "":
select_by_text = self.find_element("xpath=>//*[text()=\"%s\"]" % selectByText)
select_by_text.click()
else:
print("Not find the selectByText, get the default value!")
pass
'''--全選輸入框中的內容後退格刪除--'''
def delete_by_select_all(self, loc):
self.find_element(loc).send_keys(Keys.CONTROL + 'a') # 全選
self.find_element(loc).send_keys(Keys.BACKSPACE) # 退格刪除
'''--可以點擊頁面中沒有展示出的元素進行點擊操作（需要滑動時使用）--'''
def click_double_confirm(self, confirmElement):
confirm_element = self.find_element(confirmElement)
action = ActionChains(self.driver)
action.move_to_element(confirm_element)
action.click_and_hold(confirm_element)
action.click(confirm_element)
action.perform()
'''--靜態方法--'''
@staticmethod
def sleep(seconds):
time.sleep(seconds)
logger.info("Sleep for %d seconds" % seconds)