一、外部Shell
選項 描述
-h, --help 顯示幫助信息
-v or --version 顯示版本信息
-i hostname, --impalad=hostname 指定連接運行 impalad 守護進程的主機。默認端口是 21000。
-q query, --query=query 從命令行中傳遞一個shell 命令。執行完這一語句後 shell 會立即退出。
-f query_file, --query_file= query_file 傳遞一個文件中的 SQL 查詢。文件內容必須以分號分隔
-o filename or --output_file filename 保存所有查詢結果到指定的文件。通常用於保存在命令行使用 -q 選項執行單個查詢時的查詢結果。
-c 查詢執行失敗時繼續執行
-d default_db or --database=default_db 指定啓動後使用的數據庫，與建立連接後使用use語句選擇數據庫作用相同，如果沒有指定，那麼使用default數據庫
-r or --refresh_after_connect 建立連接後刷新 Impala 元數據
-p, --show_profiles 對 shell 中執行的每一個查詢，顯示其查詢執行計劃
-B（--delimited） 去格式化輸出
--output_delimiter=character 指定分隔符
--print_header 打印列名
impala-shell -h:
[root@ai-etl-c2-13 ~]# impala-shell -h
Usage: impala_shell.py [options]
Options:
-h, --help show this help message and exit
-i IMPALAD, --impalad=IMPALAD
<host:port> of impalad to connect to
[default: ai-etl-c2-13:21000]
-b KERBEROS_HOST_FQDN, --kerberos_host_fqdn=KERBEROS_HOST_FQDN
If set, overrides the expected hostname of the
Impalad's kerberos service principal. impala-shell
will check that the server's principal matches this
hostname. This may be used when impalad is configured
to be accessed via a load-balancer, but it is desired
for impala-shell to talk to a specific impalad
directly. [default: none]
-q QUERY, --query=QUERY
Execute a query without the shell [default: none]
-f QUERY_FILE, --query_file=QUERY_FILE
Execute the queries in the query file, delimited by ;.
If the argument to -f is "-", then queries are read
from stdin and terminated with ctrl-d. [default: none]
-k, --kerberos Connect to a kerberized impalad [default: False]
-o OUTPUT_FILE, --output_file=OUTPUT_FILE
If set, query results are written to the given file.
Results from multiple semicolon-terminated queries
will be appended to the same file [default: none]
-B, --delimited Output rows in delimited mode [default: False]
--print_header Print column names in delimited mode when pretty-
printed. [default: False]
--output_delimiter=OUTPUT_DELIMITER
Field delimiter to use for output in delimited mode
[default: \t]
-s KERBEROS_SERVICE_NAME, --kerberos_service_name=KERBEROS_SERVICE_NAME
Service name of a kerberized impalad [default: impala]
-V, --verbose Verbose output [default: True]
-p, --show_profiles Always display query profiles after execution
[default: False]
--quiet Disable verbose output [default: False]
-v, --version Print version information [default: False]
-c, --ignore_query_failure
Continue on query failure [default: False]
-d DEFAULT_DB, --database=DEFAULT_DB
Issues a use database command on startup
[default: none]
-l, --ldap Use LDAP to authenticate with Impala. Impala must be
configured to allow LDAP authentication.
[default: False]
-u USER, --user=USER User to authenticate with. [default: root]
--ssl Connect to Impala via SSL-secured connection
[default: False]
--ca_cert=CA_CERT Full path to certificate file used to authenticate
Impala's SSL certificate. May either be a copy of
Impala's certificate (for self-signed certs) or the
certificate of a trusted third-party CA. If not set,
but SSL is enabled, the shell will NOT verify Impala's
server certificate [default: none]
--config_file=CONFIG_FILE
Specify the configuration file to load options. The
following sections are used: [impala],
[impala.query_options]. Section names are case
sensitive. Specifying this option within a config file
will have no effect. Only specify this as an option in
the commandline. [default: /root/.impalarc]
--history_file=HISTORY_FILE
The file in which to store shell history. This may
also be configured using the IMPALA_HISTFILE
environment variable. [default: ~/.impalahistory]
--live_summary Print a query summary every 1s while the query is
running. [default: False]
--live_progress Print a query progress every 1s while the query is
running. [default: False]
--auth_creds_ok_in_clear
If set, LDAP authentication may be used with an
insecure connection to Impala. WARNING: Authentication
credentials will therefore be sent unencrypted, and
may be vulnerable to attack. [default: none]
--ldap_password_cmd=LDAP_PASSWORD_CMD
Shell command to run to retrieve the LDAP password
[default: none]
--var=KEYVAL Defines a variable to be used within the Impala
session. Can be used multiple times to set different
variables. It must follow the pattern "KEY=VALUE", KEY
starts with an alphabetic character and contains
alphanumeric characters or underscores. [default:
none]
-Q QUERY_OPTIONS, --query_option=QUERY_OPTIONS
Sets the default for a query option. Can be used
multiple times to set different query options. It must
follow the pattern "KEY=VALUE", KEY must be a valid
query option. Valid query options can be listed by
command 'set'. [default: none]
-t CLIENT_CONNECT_TIMEOUT_MS, --client_connect_timeout_ms=CLIENT_CONNECT_TIMEOUT_MS
Timeout in milliseconds after which impala-shell will
time out if it fails to connect to Impala server. Set
to 0 to disable any timeout. [default: 60000]
二、內部Shell
選項 描述
help 顯示幫助信息
explain <sql> 顯示執行計劃
profile (查詢完成後執行） 查詢最近一次查詢的底層信息
shell <shell> 不退出impala-shell執行shell命令
version 顯示版本信息（同於impala-shell -v）
connect 連接impalad主機，默認端口21000（同於impala-shell -i）
refresh <tablename> 增量刷新元數據庫
invalidate metadata 全量刷新元數據庫（慎用）（同於 impala-shell -r）
history 歷史命令
[root@ai-etl-c2-13 ~]# impala-shell :help
[root@ai-etl-c2-13 ~]# impala-shell
Starting Impala Shell without Kerberos authentication
Opened TCP connection to ai-etl-c2-13:21000
Connected to ai-etl-c2-13:21000
Server version: impalad version 3.2.0-cdh6.3.0 RELEASE (build 495397101e5807c701df71ea288f4815d69c2c8a)
***********************************************************************************
Welcome to the Impala shell.
(Impala Shell v3.2.0-cdh6.3.0 (4953971) built on Thu Jul 18 10:24:11 PDT 2019)
When pretty-printing is disabled, you can use the '--output_delimiter' flag to set
the delimiter for fields in the same row. The default is '\t'.
***********************************************************************************
[ai-etl-c2-13:21000] default> help;
Documented commands (type help <topic>):
========================================
compute exit history rerun shell unset version
connect explain profile select show use with
describe help quit set tip values
Undocumented commands:
======================
alter delete drop load src update
create desc insert source summary upsert
[ai-etl-c2-13:21000] default>