使用人工智能技術改進面試機器人

{"type":"doc","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"論文的內容架構很鮮明，圍繞"},{"type":"codeinline","content":[{"type":"text","text":"問題定義"}]},{"type":"text","text":"、"},{"type":"codeinline","content":[{"type":"text","text":"解決方案"}]},{"type":"text","text":"和"},{"type":"codeinline","content":[{"type":"text","text":"原型驗證"}]},{"type":"text","text":"三條線介紹研究成果。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"問題與解決方案"}]},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https://static001.geekbang.org/infoq/e4/e403a425a8f4ffe0a581a60e1e6adc20.png","alt":null,"title":"","style":[{"key":"width","value":"100%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":"","fromPaste":false,"pastePass":false}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"針對面試機器人的應用場景，存在以下幾個問題："}]},{"type":"numberedlist","attrs":{"start":1,"normalizeStart":1},"content":[{"type":"listitem","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":1,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"面試中有很多開放性問題，候選人的回答是五花八門的，如何理解用戶輸入、高效響應用戶？"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":2,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"目前市場上面試機器人處理複雜對話場景依然困難。"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":3,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"由於機器人部署人員缺少人工智能知識，他們很難利用人工智能技術來改進對話機器人。"}]}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"作者提出，"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"通過人工智能技術，在面試機器人中引入積極聆聽技能"},{"type":"text","text":"，讓機器人更好地理解用戶，提高面試效果和用戶體驗。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","content":[{"type":"text","text":"Tips：什麼是"},{"type":"codeinline","content":[{"type":"text","text":"積極聆聽"}]},{"type":"text","text":"？"}]},{"type":"paragraph","content":[{"type":"codeinline","content":[{"type":"text","text":"積極聆聽"}]},{"type":"text","text":"是一種溝通技巧，在溝通過程中一方適時提出開放式問題、鼓勵對方、表達感受、總結等，達到高效溝通的目的。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","content":[{"type":"text","text":"因此這種技巧可以幫助面試官更好理解並回應對話夥伴。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","content":[{"type":"text","text":"已經證明，積極聆聽能夠引起更高質量的回答，使面試官更具社會吸引力。這不僅適用口語交流，也適用線上機器人文本對話。"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"原型驗證"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"實現積極聆聽的核心是利用人工智能技術預測用戶意圖"},{"type":"text","text":"。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在調研市場上的聊天機器人後，文章提出了"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"基於規則和數據驅動的混合框架"},{"type":"text","text":"，即選擇基於規則的[Juji Chatbot 平臺](https://juji.io/)，對其進行擴展，通過人工智能技術來預測用戶的意圖。具體是先設定一個基本的面試規則，然後針對特定面試主題預先訓練模型，使用這個規則初始化一個Chatbot，然後接入模型，通過規則和模型響應用戶輸入。在使用過程中，面試機器人會不斷學習改進模型，漸進式提高自己。"}]},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https://static001.geekbang.org/infoq/db/db8dd2520be32a592570339c3b6b6b26.png","alt":null,"title":"","style":[{"key":"width","value":"100%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":"","fromPaste":false,"pastePass":false}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"特色"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"這篇文章的優點就是提出了基於規則和數據驅動的混合框架來改進面試機器人。機器人使用預先設計好的規則初始化，然後接入AI能力，通過訓練好的模型響應用戶輸入。賦予面試機器人"},{"type":"codeinline","content":[{"type":"text","text":"積極聆聽"}]},{"type":"text","text":"的技能，可以產生情感共鳴，更好響應用戶，提升面試效率和用戶體驗。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"上述的研究思想總結到人機交互領域，有以下幾個優勢："}]},{"type":"numberedlist","attrs":{"start":1,"normalizeStart":1},"content":[{"type":"listitem","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":1,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"採用“實踐的方法”，不是紙上談兵，而是通過開發原型和實踐來驗證效果。"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":2,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"混合與漸進式設計思路：混合指Chatbot採用規則和數據驅動的混合方法，漸進式指並在實踐中通過學習不斷改進。"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":3,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"思路可以擴展到更多的Chatbot場景，而不僅僅是面試場景。"}]}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"侷限與改進"}]},{"type":"numberedlist","attrs":{"start":1,"normalizeStart":1},"content":[{"type":"listitem","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":1,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"積極聆聽的技巧有很多，當用戶輸入對應多個技巧時，機器人不能明確使用哪一個，而是隨機選擇。"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":2,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"模型不能預測用戶更深入的意圖。目前是基於用戶輸入的語義段預測，得到概括性的結果，沒有深入分析內容中各個概念之間的聯繫。"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":3,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"模型獨立對待面試主題，沒有分析各個主題之間的關聯。"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":4,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"不支持積極聆聽中的提問技巧，即不會主動提問。"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":5,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"面試主題不多，文章只選擇了4個常用主題來評估。"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":6,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"沒有評估原型的易用性"}]}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"總結"}]},{"type":"numberedlist","attrs":{"start":1,"normalizeStart":1},"content":[{"type":"listitem","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":1,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"本文將基於規則和數據驅動的方法結合起來，賦予面試機器人"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"積極聆聽的技能"},{"type":"text","text":"。"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":2,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在開放式面試問題中，機器人能夠更好地處理複雜和多樣的用戶回答。"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":3,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"提供更好的用戶體驗和更高質量的響應。"}]}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"參考"}]},{"type":"bulletedlist","content":[{"type":"listitem","content":[{"type":"paragraph","content":[{"type":"text","text":" [論文地址：If I Hear You Correctly: Building and Evaluating Interview Chatbots with Active Listening Skills](https://dl.acm.org/doi/abs/10.1145/3313831.3376131)"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","content":[{"type":"paragraph","content":[{"type":"text","text":"[積極聆聽](https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E7%A7%AF%E6%9E%81%E8%81%86%E5%90%AC/2734827)"}]}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https://static001.geekbang.org/infoq/e1/e19a8fca1a2943cd66e37706c02506d9.jpeg","alt":null,"title":"","style":[{"key":"width","value":"25%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":"","fromPaste":false,"pastePass":false}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","content":[{"type":"text","text":"文章持續更新，關注閱讀最新內容，回覆"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"資料"},{"type":"text","text":"、"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"內推"},{"type":"text","text":"、"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"考研"},{"type":"text","text":"獲取我準備的驚喜~"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}}]}