spring boot 郵箱驗證總結

一、導入必要的依賴

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-mail</artifactId>
</dependency>

二、連接 rabbit mq

1)創建一個docker 容器

docker run -di  --name htb_rabbit -e RABBITMQ_DEFAULT_USER=xxx -e RABBITMQ_DEFAULT_PASS=xxx -p 15672:15672 -p 5672:5672 -p 25672:25672 -p 61613:61613 -p 1883:1883 rabbitmq:management

命令解釋：上述的命令創建了一個 rabbitmq 容器
-d 後臺運行的守護容器
-i 啓動容器
–name 容器的名稱
-e 設置容器的環境變量
用戶名
密碼
-p 映射一些端口給rabbit mq 使用

前面是 暴露的外部宿主機的端口，後面是容器內部使用的端口，一般保持一致即可
rabbitmq:management
鏡像名稱

2）打開rabbit mq 的可視化界面

選擇 15672 端口
宿主機的IP+ 端口號
http://192.168.xxx.xxx:15672/
輸入剛剛配置的用戶名和密碼，即可登錄

三、構建java代碼環境

0）rabbit mq 的配置

spring:
  rabbitmq:
    port: 5672
    username: admin
    password: admin
    host: 192.168.xxx.xxx
    
 mail:
  username: 郵箱地址
  password: 授權碼，可以百度
  host: smtp.xxx.com
  default-encoding: UTF-8
  jndi-name: mail/Session

授權碼參考
https://www.jianshu.com/p/59d15b357201

1）寫一個配置類，用於構建 rabbit mq 的隊列和交換器的綁定關係(可以通過操作界面綁定)

package com.htb.beidawebspringboot16rabbitmq.config;

import org.springframework.amqp.core.Binding;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.BindingBuilder;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.FanoutExchange;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Queue;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

/**
 * @Description:初始化rabbitmq郵箱隊列和交換器的配置類
 * @Author 16221
 * @Date 2020/5/8
 **/
@Configuration
public class MsgConfig {

    /**
     * 創建對列
     * @return
     */
    @Bean
    public Queue emailQueue() {
        return new Queue("emailQueue");
    }

    /**
     * 創建交換器
     * @return
     */
    @Bean
    public FanoutExchange fanoutExchange() {
        return new FanoutExchange("emailFanoutExchange");
    }

    /**
     * 創建綁定關係
     * @param queue
     * @param fanoutExchange
     * @return
     */
    @Bean
    public Binding binding(Queue queue, FanoutExchange fanoutExchange) {
        return BindingBuilder.bind(queue).to(fanoutExchange);
    }


}

2）創建一個rabbit mq的監聽類，用於監聽，隊列的變化

package com.htb.beidawebspringboot16rabbitmq.msg;

import com.htb.beidawebspringboot16rabbitmq.entity.User;
import com.htb.beidawebspringboot16rabbitmq.utils.SendEmailUtil;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

/**
 * @Description:
 * @Author 16221
 * @Date 2020/5/8
 **/
@Component
public class MsgListener {

    @Resource
    private SendEmailUtil sendEmailUtil;

    @RabbitListener(queues = "emailQueue")
    public void getSendMsg(User user) {

        String content = "<h3>您正在註冊天珩的網站</h3>\n" +
                "\t\t<h3>您註冊的id是 " + user.getId() + "</h3>\n" +
                "\t\t<h3>您註冊的郵箱是 " + user.getEmail() + "</h3>\n" +
                "\t\t<h3>請點擊下方的連接激活郵箱</h3>\n" +
                "<a href=\"http://localhost:8080/activeEmail?id=" + user.getId() + "\"" + ">激活郵箱</a>";

        sendEmailUtil.sendHtmlMail(user.getEmail(), "註冊", content);


        System.out.println("RabbitListener  " + user.toString());


    }


}

@RabbitListener(queues = “emailQueue”)

1-這個註解表示監聽的是 emailQueue 隊列的變化，消費隊列裏面的消息

本類的邏輯是 監聽的是 emailQueue 隊列的變化，消費隊列裏面的消息，在監聽到變化時候，說明有新的消息進入，需要消費消息，發送註冊郵件

    sendEmailUtil.sendHtmlMail(user.getEmail(), "註冊", content);

2-發送郵件的工具類，相對固定的代碼

參考文章
https://www.jianshu.com/p/59d15b357201

package com.htb.beidawebspringboot16rabbitmq.utils;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.core.io.FileSystemResource;
import org.springframework.mail.SimpleMailMessage;
import org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSender;
import org.springframework.mail.javamail.MimeMessageHelper;
import org.springframework.messaging.MessagingException;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import javax.annotation.PostConstruct;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import java.io.File;

/**
 * @Description:
 * @Author 16221
 * @Date 2020/5/8
 **/
@Component
public class SendEmailUtil {

    /**
     * 使用@Value注入application.properties中指定的用戶名
     */
    @Resource
    @Value("${spring.mail.username}")
    private String from;

    @Resource
    private JavaMailSender mailSender;


    /**
     * 發送支持html格式的郵件
     *
     * @param to
     * @param subject
     * @param content
     */
    public void sendHtmlMail(String to, String subject, String content) {

        //使用MimeMessage，MIME協議
        MimeMessage message = mailSender.createMimeMessage();

        MimeMessageHelper helper;
        //MimeMessageHelper幫助我們設置更豐富的內容
        try {
            helper = new MimeMessageHelper(message, true);
            helper.setFrom(from);
            helper.setTo(to);
            helper.setSubject(subject);
            //true代表支持html
            helper.setText(content, true);
            mailSender.send(message);
            System.out.println("發送HTML郵件成功");
        } catch (javax.mail.MessagingException e) {
            System.out.println("發送HTML郵件失敗：" + e);
            e.printStackTrace();
        }


    }


    /**
     * 發送簡單的文本格式的郵件
     *
     * @param to
     * @param subject
     * @param content
     */
    public void sendSimpleMail(String to, String subject, String content) {

        SimpleMailMessage message = new SimpleMailMessage();
        //收信人
        message.setTo(to);
        //主題
        message.setSubject(subject);
        //內容
        message.setText(content);
        //發信人
        message.setFrom(from);

        mailSender.send(message);
    }


    /**
     * 發送帶附件的郵件
     *
     * @param to
     * @param subject
     * @param content
     * @param filePath
     */
    public void sendAttachmentMail(String to, String subject, String content, String filePath) {

        MimeMessage message = mailSender.createMimeMessage();

        MimeMessageHelper helper;

        try {
            helper = new MimeMessageHelper(message, true);
            //true代表支持多組件，如附件，圖片等
            helper.setFrom(from);
            helper.setTo(to);
            helper.setSubject(subject);
            helper.setText(content, true);
            FileSystemResource file = new FileSystemResource(new File(filePath));
            String fileName = file.getFilename();
            //添加附件，可多次調用該方法添加多個附件
            helper.addAttachment(fileName, file);
            mailSender.send(message);
            System.out.println("發送帶附件郵件成功");
        } catch (javax.mail.MessagingException ex) {
            ex.printStackTrace();
        }


    }


    /**
     * 發送帶圖片的郵件
     *
     * @param to
     * @param subject
     * @param content
     * @param rscPath
     * @param rscId
     */
    public void sendInlineResourceMail(String to, String subject, String content, String rscPath, String rscId) {

        MimeMessage message = mailSender.createMimeMessage();

        MimeMessageHelper helper;

        try {
            helper = new MimeMessageHelper(message, true);
            helper.setFrom(from);
            helper.setTo(to);
            helper.setSubject(subject);
            helper.setText(content, true);
            FileSystemResource res = new FileSystemResource(new File(rscPath));
            //重複使用添加多個圖片
            helper.addInline(rscId, res);
            mailSender.send(message);
            System.out.println("發送帶圖片郵件成功");

        } catch (javax.mail.MessagingException ex) {
            System.out.println("發送帶圖片郵件失敗  " + ex);
            ex.printStackTrace();
        }

    }
}

3- 給rabbit mq 的隊列發送消息

rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(“emailFanoutExchange”,"",user);
接收到消息之後，就會異步的去發送郵件，這個是service層的部分的代碼

成功之後，yml 配置的郵箱 可以接收到對應的郵件