Linux常用命令的全稱說明
基本命令
pwd = print working Directory 打印工作目錄
ls = list 列出
bash = Bourne Again SHell
bc = Basic (Better) Calculator 計算器
bg = BackGround 後臺
cal = CALendar 日曆
cat: Concatenate 合併文件
cd = Change Directory 進入目錄
chgrp = CHange GRouP 修改組
chmod = CHange MODe 修改屬性
chown = CHange OWNer 修改屬主
cp = copy and paste 拷貝粘貼
mv = MoVe 移動和重命名
ln = LiNk 鏈接文件
rm = ReMove 移動，刪除
df: Disk free 空餘硬盤
du: Disk usage 硬盤使用率
nohup = No HangUP 不掛起
vi = VIsual = Very Inconvenient
vim = Vi IMproved 增強vi
wc = Word Count 字數統計
ps：Process Status 進程狀態
tar：Tape archive 解壓文件
系統目錄結構：
/bin = BINaries 程序目錄
/dev = DEVices 設備目錄
/etc = Editable Text Configuration 配置文件的目錄
/opt = Optional application software packages
/lib = LIBrary 庫文件路徑
/proc = PROCesses
/sbin = Superuser BINaries 管理員使用程序目錄
/tmp = TeMPorary 臨時目錄
/usr = Unix Shared Resources 共享資源目錄
/var = VARiable 儲存各種變化的文件
其他命令
chsh = CHange SHell
cmp = compare
cobra = Common Object Request Broker Architecture
comm = common
wall = write all
rpm = RPM Package Manager = RedHat Package Manager
apt = Advanced Packaging Tool
lpr = Line PRint
lsof = LiSt Open Files
m4 = Macro processor Version 4
man = MANual pages
su：Swith user 切換用戶，切換到root用戶
uname: Unix name 系統名稱
uniq = UNIQue 特異的
umount: Unmount 卸載
ldd：List dynamic dependencies 列出動態相依
insmod：Install module 安裝模塊
rmmod：Remove module 刪除模塊
sed = Stream EDitor 流編輯器
lsmod：List module 列表模塊
alias :Create your own name for a command
bash :GNU Bourne-Again Shell linux內核
grep:global regular expression print
httpd :Start Apache
ipcalc :Calculate IP information for a host
ping :Send ICMP ECHO_Request to network hosts
reboot: Restart your computer
sudo:Superuser do
FIFO = First In, First Out
GRUB = GRand Unified Bootloader
IFS = Internal Field Seperators
LILO = LInux LOader
MySQL = My最初作者的名字SQL = Structured Query Language
PHP = Personal Home Page Tools = PHP Hypertext Preprocessor
PS = Prompt String
Perl = “Pratical Extraction and Report Language”
Tcl = Tool Command Language
Tk = ToolKit
VT = Video Terminal
YaST = Yet Another Setup Tool
apache = “a patchy” server
ar = archiver
as = assembler
cpio = CoPy In and Out
cpp = C Pre Processor
cups = Common Unix Printing System
cvs = Current Version System
daemon = Disk And Execution MONitor
dc = Desk Calculator
dd = Disk Dump
diff = DIFFerence
dmesg = diagnostic message
ed = editor
egrep = Extended GREP
elf = Extensible Linking Format
elm = ELectronic Mail
emacs = Editor MACroS
eval = EVALuate
ex = EXtended
exec = EXECute
fd = file descriptors
fg = ForeGround
fgrep = Fixed GREP
fmt = format
fsck = File System ChecK
fstab = FileSystem TABle
fvwm = F*** Virtual Window Manager
gawk = GNU AWK
gpg = GNU Privacy Guard
groff = GNU troff
hal = Hardware Abstraction Layer
joe = Joe’s Own Editor
ksh = Korn SHell
lame = Lame Ain’t an MP3 Encoder
lex = LEXical analyser
lisp = LISt Processing = Lots of Irritating Superfluous Parentheses
mawk = Mike Brennan’s AWK
mc = Midnight Commander
mkfs = MaKe FileSystem
mknod = MaKe NODe
motd = Message of The Day
mozilla = MOsaic GodZILLa
mtab = Mount TABle
nano = Nano’s ANOther editor
nawk = New AWK
nl = Number of Lines
nm = names
nroff = New ROFF
od = Octal Dump
passwd = PASSWorD
pg = pager
pico = PIne’s message COmposition editor
pine = “Program for Internet News & Email” = “Pine is not Elm”
ping = Packet InterNet Grouper
pirntcap = PRINTer CAPability
popd = POP Directory
pr = pre
printf = PRINT Formatted
pty = pseudo tty
pushd = PUSH Directory
rc = runcom = run command, shell
rev = REVerse
rn = Read News
roff = RunOFF
rsh, rlogin, = Remote
rxvt = ouR XVT
seq = SEQuence
shar = SHell ARchive
slrn = S-Lang rn
ssh = Secure SHell
ssl = Secure Sockets Layer
stty = Set TTY
su = Substitute User
svn = SubVersioN
tar = Tape ARchive
tcsh = TENEX C shell
telnet = TEminaL over Network
termcap = terminal capability
terminfo = terminal information
tr = traslate
troff = Typesetter new ROFF
tsort = Topological SORT
tty = TeleTypewriter
twm = Tom’s Window Manager
tz = TimeZone
udev = Userspace DEV
ulimit = User’s LIMIT
umask = User’s MASK
wine = WINE Is Not an Emulator
xargs = eXtended ARGuments
xdm = X Display Manager
xlfd = X Logical Font Description
xmms = X Multimedia System
xrdb = X Resources DataBase
xwd = X Window Dump
yacc = yet another compiler compiler