MSTP：多生成樹協議（華爲交換機默認允許MSTP）
工作原理：將多個VLAN捆綁在一起，運行在一個STP實例裏面，不同實例間的STP互相獨立
注：默認情況下所有VLAN都在實例0裏面
SW1——創建VLAN
<Huawei>system-view //進入全局配置模式
[Huawei]undo info-center enable //關閉告警提示
[Huawei]sysname SW1 //改名
[SW1]vlan batch 10 20 //創建VLAN10和VLAN20
SW2——創建VLAN
<Huawei>system-view //進入全局配置模式
[Huawei]undo info-center enable //關閉告警提示
[Huawei]sysname SW2 //改名
[SW2]vlan batch 10 20 //創建VLAN10和VLAN20
SW3——創建VLAN
<Huawei>system-view //進入全局配置模式
[Huawei]undo info-center enable //關閉告警提示
[Huawei]sysname SW3 //改名
[SW3]vlan batch 10 20 //創建VLAN10和VLAN20
SW1——連接PC設置鏈路爲access
[SW1]interface g0/0/3 //進入接口
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port link-type access //將接口設爲access鏈路
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port default vlan 10 //允許VLAN10通過
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]quit //退出
[SW1]
SW2——連接PC設置鏈路爲access
[SW2]interface g0/0/3 //進入接口
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port link-type access //將接口設爲access鏈路
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port default vlan 20 //允許VLAN20通過
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]quit //退出
[SW2]
SW3——連接PC設置鏈路爲access
[SW3]interface g0/0/3 //進入接口
[SW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port link-type access //將接口設爲access鏈路
[SW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port default vlan 10 //允許VLAN10通過
[SW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]quit //退出
[SW3]interface g0/0/4 //進入接口
[SW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/4]port link-type access //將接口設爲access鏈路
[SW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/4]port default vlan 20 //允許VLAN20通過
[SW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/4]quit //退出
[SW3]
SW1——連接交換機設置鏈路爲trunk
[SW1]port-group group-member g0/0/1 to g0/0/2 //將兩個端口加入端口組
[SW1-port-group]port link-type trunk //將端口組裏面的端口設置爲trunk鏈路
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port link-type trunk
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port link-type trunk
[SW1-port-group]port trunk allow-pass vlan all //允許所有VLAN通過
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port trunk allow-pass vlan all
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port trunk allow-pass vlan all
[SW1-port-group]quit //退出
[SW1]
SW2——連接交換機設置鏈路爲trunk
[SW2]port-group group-member g0/0/1 to g0/0/2 //將兩個端口加入端口組
[SW2-port-group]port link-type trunk //將端口組裏面的端口設置爲trunk鏈路
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port link-type trunk
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port link-type trunk
[SW2-port-group]port trunk allow-pass vlan all //允許所有VLAN通過
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port trunk allow-pass vlan all
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port trunk allow-pass vlan all
[SW2-port-group]quit //退出
[SW2]
SW3——連接交換機設置鏈路爲trunk
[SW3]port-group group-member g0/0/1 to g0/0/2 //將兩個端口加入端口組
[SW3-port-group]port link-type trunk //將端口組裏面的端口設置爲trunk鏈路
[SW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port link-type trunk
[SW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port link-type trunk
[SW3-port-group]port trunk allow-pass vlan all //允許所有VLAN通過
[SW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port trunk allow-pass vlan all
[SW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port trunk allow-pass vlan all
[SW3-port-group]quit //退出
[SW3]
SW2——查看交換機那個端阻塞
[SW2]dis stp brief //查看STP信息
MSTID Port Role STP State Protection
0 GigabitEthernet0/0/1 ALTE DISCARDING NONE //端口爲阻塞端口
0 GigabitEthernet0/0/2 ROOT FORWARDING NONE
0 GigabitEthernet0/0/3 DESI FORWARDING NONE
SW1——SMTP配置
[SW1]stp region-configuration //激活SMTP域配置
[SW1-mst-region]region-name huawei //設置SMTP域名字
[SW1-mst-region]instance 1 vlan 10 //將VLAN10劃分到實例1裏面
[SW1-mst-region]instance 2 vlan 20 //將VLAN20劃分到實例2裏面
[SW1-mst-region]active region-configuration //激活MST域的配置
[SW1-mst-region]quit //退出
[SW1]
SW2——SMTP配置
[SW2]stp region-configuration //激活SMTP域配置
[SW2-mst-region] region-name huawei //設置SMTP域名字
[SW2-mst-region] instance 1 vlan 10 //將VLAN10劃分到實例1裏面
[SW2-mst-region] instance 2 vlan 20 //將VLAN20劃分到實例2裏面
[SW2-mst-region] active region-configuration //激活MST域的配置
[SW2-mst-region]quit //退出
[SW2]
SW3——SMTP配置
[SW3]stp region-configuration //激活SMTP域配置
[SW3-mst-region] region-name huawei //設置SMTP域名字
[SW3-mst-region] instance 1 vlan 10 //將VLAN10劃分到實例1裏面
[SW3-mst-region] instance 2 vlan 20 //將VLAN20劃分到實例2裏面
[SW3-mst-region] active region-configuration //激活MST域的配置
[SW3-mst-region]quit //退出
[SW3]
SW2—查看實例1中阻塞端口
[SW2]dis stp instance 1 brief //查看實例1中端口狀態
MSTID Port Role STP State Protection
1 GigabitEthernet0/0/1 ROOT FORWARDING NONE
1 GigabitEthernet0/0/2 DESI DISCARDING NONE //阻塞端口
[SW2]
針對實例1數據包通信過程
SW2——實例2中，將次交換機的優先級調爲最低，成爲根橋
[SW2]stp instance 2 priority 4096 //實例2中將交換機的優先級調爲最低，成爲根橋
SW2——查看實例2中的交換機優先級
[SW2]dis stp instance 2 //查看實例2中交換機優先級
-------[MSTI 2 Global Info]-------
MSTI Bridge ID :4096.4c1f-ccc5-27fc //實例2中，此交換機的優先級最低
MSTI RegRoot/IRPC :4096.4c1f-ccc5-27fc / 0
MSTI RootPortId :0.0
Master Bridge :32768.4c1f-cc25-682f
Cost to Master :20000
TC received :9
TC count per hello :0
Time since last TC :0 days 0h:2m:35s
Number of TC :8
Last TC occurred :GigabitEthernet0/0/1
----[Port1(GigabitEthernet0/0/1)][FORWARDING]----
Port Role :Designated Port
Port Priority :128
Port Cost(Dot1T ) :Config=auto / Active=20000
Designated Bridge/Port :4096.4c1f-ccc5-27fc / 128.1
Port Times :RemHops 20
TC or TCN send :4
TC or TCN received :5
----[Port2(GigabitEthernet0/0/2)][FORWARDING]----
Port Role :Designated Port
Port Priority :128
Port Cost(Dot1T ) :Config=auto / Active=20000
Designated Bridge/Port :4096.4c1f-ccc5-27fc / 128.2
Port Times :RemHops 20
TC or TCN send :5
TC or TCN received :4
----[Port3(GigabitEthernet0/0/3)][FORWARDING]----
Port Role :Designated Port
Port Priority :128
Port Cost(Dot1T ) :Config=auto / Active=20000
Designated Bridge/Port :4096.4c1f-ccc5-27fc / 128.3
Port Times :RemHops 20
TC or TCN send :7
TC or TCN received :0
[SW2]
SW2—實例2中，將SW2配置爲根橋，將SW1配置爲備份根橋
[SW2]stp instance 2 root primary //SW2交換機會自動降低優先級成爲實例2的根橋
[SW1]stp instance 2 root secondary //SW1交換機會自動成爲備份根橋
SW1——查看實例2中，阻塞的端口
[SW1]dis stp instance 2 brief //查看實例2中，端口狀態
MSTID Port Role STP State Protection
2 GigabitEthernet0/0/1 ROOT FORWARDING NONE
2 GigabitEthernet0/0/2 DESI DISCARDING NONE //實例2中，該端口被阻塞
[SW1]
針對實例2數據包通信過程
