Java實現DDD中UnitOfWork

背景
Maintains a list of objects affected by a business transaction and coordinates the writing out of changes and the resolution of concurrency problems.
Unit of Work --Martin Fowler
Unit Of Work模式，由馬丁大叔提出，是一種數據訪問模式。UOW模式的作用是在業務用例的操作中跟蹤對象的所有更改（增加、刪除和更新），並將所有更改的對象保存在其維護的列表中。在業務用例的終點，通過事務，一次性提交所有更改，以確保數據的完整性和有效性。總而言之，UOW協調這些對象的持久化及併發問題。

Uow的本質
UOW跟蹤變化
UOW維護了一個變更列表
UOW將跟蹤到的已變更的對象保存到變更列表中
UOW藉助事務一次性提交變更列表中的所有更改
UOW處理併發
對於以上這些點，在C#的EF框架中，DBContext已經實現。
而這裏主要描述如何用java實現以上要點。

Repository
將倉儲Repo作爲聚合的範型類
在Repo中維護一個聚合與聚合狀態的集合
在Repo中每次add/update/delete等操作時，將操作的聚合對象，和其最終狀態存入集合中
在Repo中的retrieve方法，將聚合檢索出來並存入Repo的集合中
代碼如下：
public class RepositoryBase implements IRepository {

private HashMap<IBusinessKey, RepositoryComponent<T>> map = new HashMap<IBusinessKey, RepositoryComponent<T>>();

private Class<T> tClass;

public RepositoryBase(Class<T> tClass) {
    RepositoryThreadLocalHelper.newInstance().put(tClass.getSimpleName(), this);
    this.tClass = tClass;
}

public void add(T t) {
    IBusinessKey bk = t.getBusinessKey();
    if (map.containsKey(bk) && RepositoryComponentState.DELETED.equals(map.get(bk).getState())) {
        map.put(bk, new RepositoryComponent<T>(t, RepositoryComponentState.UNCHANGED));
    } else {
        map.put(bk, new RepositoryComponent<T>(t, RepositoryComponentState.ADDED));
    }
}

public void update(T t) {
    IBusinessKey bk = t.getBusinessKey();
    if (map.containsKey(bk) && RepositoryComponentState.ADDED.equals(map.get(bk).getState())) {
        map.put(bk, new RepositoryComponent<T>(t, RepositoryComponentState.ADDED));
    } else {
        map.put(bk, new RepositoryComponent<T>(t, RepositoryComponentState.MODIFIED));
    }
}

public void delete(IBusinessKey bk) {
    if (map.containsKey(bk) && RepositoryComponentState.ADDED.equals(map.get(bk).getState())) {
        map.get(bk).setState(RepositoryComponentState.UNCHANGED);
    } else {
        map.put(bk, new RepositoryComponent<T>(retrieve(bk), RepositoryComponentState.DELETED));
    }
}

public void delete(T t) {
    IBusinessKey bk = t.getBusinessKey();
    if (map.containsKey(bk) && RepositoryComponentState.ADDED.equals(map.get(bk).getState())) {
        map.get(bk).setState(RepositoryComponentState.UNCHANGED);
    } else {
        map.put(bk, new RepositoryComponent<T>(t, RepositoryComponentState.DELETED));
    }
}

public T retrieve(IBusinessKey bk) {
    if (map.containsKey(bk)) {
        return map.get(bk).getT();
    } else {
        RepositoryBuilder<T> builder = new RepositoryBuilder<T>();
        T t = builder.buildBo(tClass, bk);
        map.put(bk, new RepositoryComponent<T>(t, RepositoryComponentState.UNCHANGED));
        return t;
    }
}

}
RepositoryComponentState
聚合存在於內存中的狀態，主要分爲以下5個狀態
Added 4
The entity is being tracked by the context but does not yet exist in the database.
Deleted 2
The entity is being tracked by the context and exists in the database. It has been marked for deletion from the database.
Detached 0
The entity is not being tracked by the context.
Modified 3
The entity is being tracked by the context and exists in the database. Some or all of its property values have been modified.
Unchanged 1
The entity is being tracked by the context and exists in the database. Its property values have not changed from the values in the database.
Uow
增加自定義註解UowTransaction
@Target({ElementType.METHOD, ElementType.TYPE})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
public @interface UowTransaction {
}
增加註解切面，在所註解的方法上執行完畢後調用uowService.saveChange()
@Slf4j
@Component
public class UowService {

@Transaction
public void saveChange() {
    SqlSessionFactory factory = (SqlSessionFactory) SpringContextUtil.getBean("sqlSessionFactory");
    SqlSession session = factory.openSession();

    Collection<IRepository> repos = RepositoryThreadLocalHelper.newInstance().getRepositories();
    for (IRepository repo : repos) {
        repo.flushDb(session);
    }
}

}
RepositoryFlush
flushDb時將內存中的聚合集合統一刷新入數據庫
flushAdd：將聚合從聚合根到所有子節點依次入庫
flushModify：更改數據庫聚合時，先檢索出數據庫中原聚合originEntity，然後將原聚合與更改後聚合依次對比，子節點中根據對比內容做新增/刪除/修改
flushDelete：將聚合從聚合根到所有子節點依次刪除
具體參考代碼如下：
@Slf4j
public class RepositoryFlush {

private SqlSession session;
private RepositoryConfigHelper configHelper = new RepositoryConfigHelper();

RepositoryFlush(SqlSession session) {
    this.session = session;
}

void flushAdd(IBusinessEntity bo) {
    RepositoryConfig repoConfig = configHelper.getRepositoryConfig(bo);
    //bo->do
    Object dataObject = TypeConversion.unWrapPrimitiveType(bo, repoConfig.getEntityClass());
    BaseMapper mapper = this.session.getMapper(repoConfig.getEntityMapperClass());

    mapper.insert(dataObject);

    List<String> childNames = BusinessObjectManager.getEntityNamesByComposition(
            bo.getBusinessObjectRoot().getArtifactName(),
            bo.getArtifactName());
    if (childNames.size() > 0) {
        for (String name : childNames) {
            List<IBusinessEntity> childBes = bo.getEntitiesByComposition(name);
            for (IBusinessEntity be : childBes) {
                flushAdd(be);
            }
        }
    }
}

void flushModify(IBusinessEntity originBo, IBusinessEntity bo) {
    RepositoryConfig repoConfig = configHelper.getRepositoryConfig(bo);
    // bo->do
    Object dataObject = TypeConversion.unWrapPrimitiveType(bo, repoConfig.getEntityClass());
    BaseMapper mapper = this.session.getMapper(repoConfig.getEntityMapperClass());

    //1. gdt->基本類型
    //2. bk:駝峯形式改爲下劃線形式
    Map<String, String> bkMap = RepositoryUtil.MapCamelCaseToUnderscore(
            UnWrapMapUtil.getGdtValue(
                    bo.getBusinessKey().getBusinessKeyMap()));

    // update root
    UpdateWrapper updateWrapper = new UpdateWrapper();
    updateWrapper.allEq(bkMap);
    mapper.update(dataObject, updateWrapper);

    // 遍歷子be
    List<String> originChildNames = BusinessObjectManager.getEntityNamesByComposition(
            originBo.getBusinessObjectRoot().getArtifactName(),
            originBo.getArtifactName()
    );
    if (originChildNames.size() > 0) {
        for (String name : originChildNames) {
            List<IBusinessEntity> originChildBes = originBo.getEntitiesByComposition(name);
            List<IBusinessEntity> childBes = bo.getEntitiesByComposition(name);
            for (IBusinessEntity be : childBes) {
                // be在數據庫中，從originChildBes列表中刪除，所有刪除完剩下的->需要delete的
                Optional<IBusinessEntity> optional = originChildBes.stream()
                        .filter(
                                x -> {
                                    // 判斷bk是否相同
                                    return x.getBusinessKey().equals(be.getBusinessKey());
                                }
                        ).findFirst();
                if (optional.isPresent()) {
                    // 數據庫中存在：修改
                    IBusinessEntity originBe = optional.get();
                    originChildBes.remove(originBe);
                    flushModify(originBe, be);
                } else {
                    // 數據庫中不存在：新增
                    flushAdd(be);
                }
            }
            // 數據庫中存在，但modifyBo中沒有：刪除
            if (originChildBes.size() > 0) {
                for (IBusinessEntity originDeleteBe : originChildBes) {
                    flushDelete(originDeleteBe);
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

void flushDelete(IBusinessEntity bo) {
    RepositoryConfig repoConfig = configHelper.getRepositoryConfig(bo);
    BaseMapper mapper = this.session.getMapper(repoConfig.getEntityMapperClass());

    IBusinessKey bk = bo.getBusinessKey();
    Map<String, String> bkMap = RepositoryUtil.MapCamelCaseToUnderscore(
            UnWrapMapUtil.getGdtValue(
                    bo.getBusinessKey().getBusinessKeyMap()));

    mapper.deleteByMap(bkMap);

    List<String> childNames = BusinessObjectManager.getEntityNamesByComposition(
            bo.getBusinessObjectRoot().getArtifactName(),
            bo.getArtifactName()
    );
    if (childNames.size() > 0) {
        for (String name : childNames) {
            List<IBusinessEntity> childBes = bo.getEntitiesByComposition(name);
            for (IBusinessEntity be : childBes) {
                flushDelete(be);
            }
        }
    }
}

}
在repo中增加flushDb方法，如下：
public void flushDb(SqlSession session) {

RepositoryFlush flush = new RepositoryFlush(session);
for (Map.Entry<IBusinessKey, RepositoryComponent<T>> entry : map.entrySet()) {
    RepositoryComponentState state = entry.getValue().getState();
    T t = entry.getValue().getT();
    if (RepositoryComponentState.ADDED.equals(state)) {
        flush.flushAdd(t);
    } else if (RepositoryComponentState.MODIFIED.equals(state)) {
        RepositoryBuilder<T> builder = new RepositoryBuilder<T>();
        T rootT = builder.buildBo(tClass, t.getBusinessKey());
        flush.flushModify(rootT, t);
    } else if (RepositoryComponentState.DELETED.equals(state)) {
        flush.flushDelete(t);
    }
}

}
Retrieve&&RepositoryBuilder
repo中提供retrieve方法用於檢索聚合
若聚合在repo的集合中已存在則直接返回聚合，若無聚合，則通過RepoBuilder從數據庫中撈取聚合
public class RepositoryBuilder {

private RepositoryConfigHelper configHelper = new RepositoryConfigHelper();
private Map<String, List<IBusinessEntity>> beValues = new HashMap<>();

T buildBo(Class<T> tClass, IBusinessKey businessKey) {
    SqlSessionFactory factory = (SqlSessionFactory) SpringContextUtil.getBean("sqlSessionFactory");
    SqlSession session = factory.openSession();
    try {
        RepositoryConfig config = configHelper.getRepositoryConfig((IBusinessEntity) tClass.newInstance());
        BaseMapper mapper = session.getMapper(config.getEntityMapperClass());
        QueryWrapper queryWrapper = new QueryWrapper();
        queryWrapper.allEq(
                RepositoryUtil.MapCamelCaseToUnderscore(
                        UnWrapMapUtil.getGdtValue(
                                businessKey.getBusinessKeyMap()))
        );
        // 獲取到當前do object
        Object object = mapper.selectOne(queryWrapper);
        if (object == null) {
            throw new RuntimeException("未找到數據庫對應DO數據。");
        }
        // build child
        IBusinessObjectRoot rootT = (IBusinessObjectRoot) TypeConversion.wrapPrimitiveType(object, tClass);
        buildChildBe(session, tClass, object, rootT);
    } catch (Exception e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
        throw new RuntimeException(e.getMessage());
    } finally {
        session.close();
    }
    // beValues->bo
    return (T) BusinessObjectManager.newInstance().createBusinessObjectInstance(
            tClass.getSimpleName(),
            beValues
    );
}

/**
 * 1. do->beValue
 * 2. beValues.add(beValue)
 * 3. bo查子bo
 * 4. 返回
 */
private void buildChildBe(SqlSession session, Class<T> tClass, Object object, IBusinessObjectRoot rootT)
        throws ClassNotFoundException, InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException, NoSuchMethodException, InvocationTargetException {
    T t = TypeConversion.wrapPrimitiveType(object, tClass);
    if (t == null) {
        throw new RuntimeException("DO數據類型轉BE異常");
    }
    // 加入beValues
    if (beValues.containsKey(t.getArtifactName())) {
        beValues.get(t.getArtifactName()).add(t);
    } else {
        beValues.put(t.getArtifactName(), new ArrayList<IBusinessEntity>() {{
            add(t);
        }});
    }
    //
    IBusinessKey bk = t.getBusinessKey();
    List<String> childClassNames = BusinessObjectManager.getEntityNamesByComposition(
            rootT.getArtifactName(),
            t.getArtifactName()
    );
    if (childClassNames.size() > 0) {
        for (String childClassName : childClassNames) {
            Class childClass = Class.forName(childClassName);
            // 構造函數：包含父be（無結構構造函數）
            IBusinessEntity nullChildBe = (IBusinessEntity) childClass
                    .getConstructor()
                    .newInstance();
            RepositoryConfig childConfig = configHelper.getRepositoryConfig(rootT, nullChildBe);
            BaseMapper childMapper = session.getMapper(childConfig.getEntityMapperClass());
            List dbList = childMapper.selectByMap(
                    RepositoryUtil.MapCamelCaseToUnderscore(
                            UnwrapMapUtil.getGdtValue(bk.getBusinessKeyMap())
                    )
            );
            for (Object dbObject : dbList) {
                buildChildBe(session, childClass, dbObject, rootT);
            }
        }
    }
}

}
最後
以上代碼只包含Uow、Repo等關鍵代碼，完整代碼使用還需要配合聚合的建模，全局統一類型的使用
代碼僅供學習，以後有機會會上傳到github中
資料參考
EntityFrameworkCore
UnitOfWork知多少

原文地址https://www.cnblogs.com/llicat/p/12924591.html

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