Springboot 使用自定義註解結合AOP方式校驗接口參數

前言

對於初學者們,對於接口的參數判空多多少少都是有些膈應,因爲每次寫個接口,拿那幾個參,就得if else。

那麼該篇教學,就可以一定程度解決這個問題。

 

正文

該篇文章涉及到的:

1.自定義註解 ,用於標註需要進行校驗的參數

2.AOP配合自定義註解使用

3.實現公共的返回參

4.實現全局異常捕獲

 

先看整體我們需要做的東西有什麼:

 

 

只要完成這兩個文件夾裏面的,那麼到了新的項目,你只需要把這兩個文件夾的東西直接丟進去即可。 

 

接下來開始敲代碼吧,

首先是pom.xml,一些相關的jar:

        <!--aop-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-aop</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
            <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
            <version>1.9.4</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
            <artifactId>aspectjrt</artifactId>
            <version>1.8.9</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--fastjson-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.58</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

 

新建自定義註解,ParamCheck.java :

import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
import java.lang.annotation.Target;

/**
 * @Author : JCccc
 * @CreateTime : 2020/5/14
 * @Description :
 **/

@Target(ElementType.PARAMETER)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)


public @interface ParamCheck  {
    /**
     * 是否非空,默認不能爲空
     */
    boolean notNull() default true;

    /**
     * 默認值
     * @return
     */
    String defaultValue() default "";
}

簡單描述:  

ElementType.PARAMETER  使用於參數
boolean notNull() default true;  要求參數不爲空,默認開啓,可以自己傳
String defaultValue() default ""; 默認值,默認設置 "",可以自己傳

 

 接下來新建 參數校驗的AOP實現類,ParamValidAop.java:

import org.aspectj.lang.JoinPoint;
import org.aspectj.lang.ProceedingJoinPoint;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.*;
import org.aspectj.lang.reflect.MethodSignature;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;
import java.lang.annotation.Annotation;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;


/**
 * @Author : JCccc
 * @CreateTime : 2020/5/14
 * @Description :
 **/
@Component
@Aspect
public class ParamValidAop {



    /**
     * 定義有一個切入點,範圍爲web包下的類
     */
    @Pointcut("execution(public * com.bsapple.vshop.controller..*.*(..))")
    public void checkParam() {
    }

    @Before("checkParam()")
    public void doBefore(JoinPoint joinPoint) {
    }

    /**
     * 檢查參數是否爲空
     */
    @Around("checkParam()")
    public Object doAround(ProceedingJoinPoint pjp) throws Throwable {


        MethodSignature signature = ((MethodSignature) pjp.getSignature());
        //得到攔截的方法
        Method method = signature.getMethod();
        //獲取方法參數註解,返回二維數組是因爲某些參數可能存在多個註解
        Annotation[][] parameterAnnotations = method.getParameterAnnotations();
        if (parameterAnnotations == null || parameterAnnotations.length == 0) {
            return pjp.proceed();
        }
        //獲取方法參數名
        String[] paramNames = signature.getParameterNames();
        //獲取參數值
        Object[] paranValues = pjp.getArgs();

        //獲取方法參數類型
        Class<?>[] parameterTypes = method.getParameterTypes();
        for (int i = 0; i < parameterAnnotations.length; i++) {
            for (int j = 0; j < parameterAnnotations[i].length; j++) {
                //如果該參數前面的註解不爲空並且是ParamCheck的實例,並且notNull()=true,並且默認值爲空,則進行非空校驗
                if (parameterAnnotations[i][j] != null && parameterAnnotations[i][j] instanceof ParamCheck && ((ParamCheck) parameterAnnotations[i][j]).notNull() && StringUtils.isEmpty(((ParamCheck)parameterAnnotations[i][j]).defaultValue())) {
                    paramIsNull(paramNames[i], paranValues[i], parameterTypes[i] == null ? null : parameterTypes[i].getName());
                    break;
                }
                //如果該參數前面的註解不爲空並且是ParamCheck的實例,並且默認值不爲空,並且參數值爲空,則進行賦默認值
                if(parameterAnnotations[i][j] != null && parameterAnnotations[i][j] instanceof ParamCheck && !StringUtils.isEmpty(((ParamCheck)parameterAnnotations[i][j]).defaultValue()) && (paranValues[i] == null || StringUtils.isEmpty(paranValues[i].toString()))){
                    paranValues[i] = putParam(((ParamCheck)parameterAnnotations[i][j]).defaultValue(), parameterTypes[i]);
                }
            }
        }
        return pjp.proceed(paranValues);

    }

    /**
     * 在切入點return內容之後切入內容(可以用來對處理返回值做一些加工處理)
     *
     * @param joinPoint
     */
    @AfterReturning("checkParam()")
    public void doAfterReturning(JoinPoint joinPoint) {
    }

    /**
     * 參數非空校驗,如果參數爲空,則拋出ParamIsNullException異常
     * @param paramName
     * @param value
     * @param parameterType
     */
    private void paramIsNull(String paramName, Object value, String parameterType) {
        if (value == null || "".equals(value.toString().trim())) {
            throw new ParamIsNullException(paramName, parameterType,"參數爲空");
        }
    }


    private Object putParam(Object value, Class<?> parameterType) {
        return CastValueTypeUtil.parseValue(parameterType, value.toString());
    }

}

需要注意,這個路徑是你準備添加校驗的controller的路徑,改成你自己的:

然後是校驗參數裏面使用到的參數轉換工具類,CastValueTypeUtil.java:

import java.text.ParseException;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;

/**
  *轉換object類型
 **/
public class CastValueTypeUtil {

    public static Object parseValue(Class<?> parameterTypes, String value) {

        if(value==null || value.trim().length()==0){
            return null;
        }
        value = value.trim();

        if (Byte.class.equals(parameterTypes) || Byte.TYPE.equals(parameterTypes)) {
            return parseByte(value);
        } else if (Boolean.class.equals(parameterTypes) || Boolean.TYPE.equals(parameterTypes)) {
            return parseBoolean(value);
        }/* else if (Character.class.equals(fieldType) || Character.TYPE.equals(fieldType)) {
			 return value.toCharArray()[0];
		}*/ else if (String.class.equals(parameterTypes)) {
            return value;
        } else if (Short.class.equals(parameterTypes) || Short.TYPE.equals(parameterTypes)) {
            return parseShort(value);
        } else if (Integer.class.equals(parameterTypes) || Integer.TYPE.equals(parameterTypes)) {
            return parseInt(value);
        } else if (Long.class.equals(parameterTypes) || Long.TYPE.equals(parameterTypes)) {
            return parseLong(value);
        } else if (Float.class.equals(parameterTypes) || Float.TYPE.equals(parameterTypes)) {
            return parseFloat(value);
        } else if (Double.class.equals(parameterTypes) || Double.TYPE.equals(parameterTypes)) {
            return parseDouble(value);
        } else if (Date.class.equals(parameterTypes)) {
            return parseDate(value);
        } else {
            throw new RuntimeException("request illeagal type, type must be Integer not int Long not long etc, type=" + parameterTypes);
        }
    }

    public static Byte parseByte(String value) {
        try {
            value = value.replaceAll(" ", "");
            return Byte.valueOf(value);
        } catch(NumberFormatException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException("parseByte but input illegal input=" + value, e);
        }
    }

    public static Boolean parseBoolean(String value) {
        value = value.replaceAll(" ", "");
        if (Boolean.TRUE.toString().equalsIgnoreCase(value)) {
            return Boolean.TRUE;
        } else if (Boolean.FALSE.toString().equalsIgnoreCase(value)) {
            return Boolean.FALSE;
        } else {
            throw new RuntimeException("parseBoolean but input illegal input=" + value);
        }
    }

    public static Integer parseInt(String value) {
        try {
            value = value.replaceAll(" ", "");
            return Integer.valueOf(value);
        } catch(NumberFormatException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException("parseInt but input illegal input=" + value, e);
        }
    }

    public static Short parseShort(String value) {
        try {
            value = value.replaceAll(" ", "");
            return Short.valueOf(value);
        } catch(NumberFormatException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException("parseShort but input illegal input=" + value, e);
        }
    }

    public static Long parseLong(String value) {
        try {
            value = value.replaceAll(" ", "");
            return Long.valueOf(value);
        } catch(NumberFormatException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException("parseLong but input illegal input=" + value, e);
        }
    }

    public static Float parseFloat(String value) {
        try {
            value = value.replaceAll(" ", "");
            return Float.valueOf(value);
        } catch(NumberFormatException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException("parseFloat but input illegal input=" + value, e);
        }
    }

    public static Double parseDouble(String value) {
        try {
            value = value.replaceAll(" ", "");
            return Double.valueOf(value);
        } catch(NumberFormatException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException("parseDouble but input illegal input=" + value, e);
        }
    }

    public static Date parseDate(String value) {
        try {
            String datePattern = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss";
            SimpleDateFormat dateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat(datePattern);
            return dateFormat.parse(value);
        } catch(ParseException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException("parseDate but input illegal input=" + value, e);
        }
    }

}

然後是新建一個自定義異常,專門用於校驗參數爲空的時候拋出,ParamIsNullException.java:

/**
 * @Author : JCccc
 * @CreateTime : 2020/5/14
 * @Description :
 **/
public class ParamIsNullException extends RuntimeException {
    private final String parameterName;
    private final String parameterType;
    private final String message;

    public ParamIsNullException(String parameterName, String parameterType, String message) {
        super();
        this.parameterName = parameterName;
        this.parameterType = parameterType;
        this.message = message;
    }

    @Override
    public String getMessage() {
        return "請求參數類型:" + this.parameterType + ",參數名: \'" + this.parameterName + message;
    }

    public final String getParameterName() {
        return this.parameterName;
    }

    public final String getParameterType() {
        return this.parameterType;
    }
}

 

到這裏,其實可以看到自定義註解以及AOP已經實現完畢。

接下來是做一下,統一的返回參以及全局異常捕獲,

新建接口BaseErrorInfoInterface.java:

/**
 * @Author:JCccc
 * @Description:此接口用於返回碼枚舉使用
 * @Date: created in 15:11 2019/5/3
 */

public interface BaseErrorInfoInterface {
    /** 錯誤碼*/
    String getResultCode();

    /** 錯誤描述*/
    String getResultMsg();
}

返回碼的枚舉類,CommonEnum.java:

/**
 * @Author:JCccc
 * @Description:
 * @Date: created in 15:13 2019/5/3
 */
public enum CommonEnum implements BaseErrorInfoInterface {

    // 數據操作錯誤定義
    SUCCESS("200", "成功!"),
    BODY_NOT_MATCH("400", "請求的數據格式不符!"),
    SIGNATURE_NOT_MATCH("401", "請求的數字簽名不匹配!"),
    NOT_FOUND("404", "未找到該資源!"),
    INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR("500", "服務器內部錯誤!"),
    SERVER_BUSY("503", "服務器正忙,請稍後再試!"),
    REQUEST_METHOD_SUPPORT_ERROR("40001","當前請求方法不支持");
    /**
     * 錯誤碼
     */
    private String resultCode;
    /**
     * 錯誤描述
     */
    private String resultMsg;

    CommonEnum(String resultCode, String resultMsg) {
        this.resultCode = resultCode;
        this.resultMsg = resultMsg;
    }

    @Override
    public String getResultCode() {
        return resultCode;
    }

    @Override
    public String getResultMsg() {
        return resultMsg;
    }
}

然後是一個簡單的返回體專用類,ResultBody.java:

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;

/**
 * @Author:JCccc
 * @Description:
 * @Date: created in 15:19 2019/5/3
 */

public class ResultBody {
    /**
     * 響應代碼
     */
    private String code;

    /**
     * 響應消息
     */
    private String message;

    /**
     * 響應結果
     */
    private Object result;

    public ResultBody() {
    }

    public ResultBody(BaseErrorInfoInterface errorInfo) {
        this.code = errorInfo.getResultCode();
        this.message = errorInfo.getResultMsg();
    }

    public String getCode() {
        return code;
    }

    public void setCode(String code) {
        this.code = code;
    }

    public String getMessage() {
        return message;
    }

    public void setMessage(String message) {
        this.message = message;
    }

    public Object getResult() {
        return result;
    }

    public void setResult(Object result) {
        this.result = result;
    }

    /**
     * 成功
     *
     * @return
     */
    public static ResultBody success() {
        return success(null);
    }

    /**
     * 成功
     * @param data
     * @return
     */
    public static ResultBody success(Object data) {
        ResultBody rb = new ResultBody();
        rb.setCode(CommonEnum.SUCCESS.getResultCode());
        rb.setMessage(CommonEnum.SUCCESS.getResultMsg());
        rb.setResult(data);
        return rb;
    }





    /**
     * 失敗
     */
    public static ResultBody error(BaseErrorInfoInterface errorInfo) {
        ResultBody rb = new ResultBody();
        rb.setCode(errorInfo.getResultCode());
        rb.setMessage(errorInfo.getResultMsg());
        rb.setResult(null);
        return rb;
    }

    /**
     * 失敗
     */
    public static ResultBody error(String code, String message) {
        ResultBody rb = new ResultBody();
        rb.setCode(code);
        rb.setMessage(message);
        rb.setResult(null);
        return rb;
    }

    /**
     * 失敗
     */
    public static ResultBody error( String message) {
        ResultBody rb = new ResultBody();
        rb.setCode("-1");
        rb.setMessage(message);
        rb.setResult(null);
        return rb;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return JSONObject.toJSONString(this);
    }

}

最後是自定義的業務異常類,和全局異常捕獲類,

BizException.java

/**
 * @Author:JCccc
 * @Description:
 * @Date: created in 15:18 2019/5/3
 */

public class BizException extends RuntimeException {

    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

    /**
     * 錯誤碼
     */
    protected String errorCode;
    /**
     * 錯誤信息
     */
    protected String errorMsg;

    public BizException() {
        super();
    }

    public BizException(BaseErrorInfoInterface errorInfoInterface) {
        super(errorInfoInterface.getResultCode());
        this.errorCode = errorInfoInterface.getResultCode();
        this.errorMsg = errorInfoInterface.getResultMsg();
    }

    public BizException(BaseErrorInfoInterface errorInfoInterface, Throwable cause) {
        super(errorInfoInterface.getResultCode(), cause);
        this.errorCode = errorInfoInterface.getResultCode();
        this.errorMsg = errorInfoInterface.getResultMsg();
    }

    public BizException(String errorMsg) {
        super(errorMsg);
        this.errorMsg = errorMsg;
    }

    public BizException(String errorCode, String errorMsg) {
        super(errorCode);
        this.errorCode = errorCode;
        this.errorMsg = errorMsg;
    }

    public BizException(String errorCode, String errorMsg, Throwable cause) {
        super(errorCode, cause);
        this.errorCode = errorCode;
        this.errorMsg = errorMsg;
    }


    public String getErrorCode() {
        return errorCode;
    }

    public void setErrorCode(String errorCode) {
        this.errorCode = errorCode;
    }

    public String getErrorMsg() {
        return errorMsg;
    }

    public void setErrorMsg(String errorMsg) {
        this.errorMsg = errorMsg;
    }

    public String getMessage() {
        return errorMsg;
    }

    @Override
    public Throwable fillInStackTrace() {
        return this;
    }

}


 GlobalExceptionHandler.java:


import com.bsapple.vshop.wholeConfig.paramCheck.ParamIsNullException;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.web.HttpRequestMethodNotSupportedException;
import org.springframework.web.bind.MissingServletRequestParameterException;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestControllerAdvice;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

/**
 * @Author:JCccc
 * @Description:
 * @Date: created in 15:29 2019/5/3
 */

@RestControllerAdvice
public class GlobalExceptionHandler {
    private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(GlobalExceptionHandler.class);

    /**
     * 處理自定義的業務異常
     * @param req
     * @param e
     * @return
     */
    @ExceptionHandler(value = BizException.class)
    @ResponseBody
    public ResultBody bizExceptionHandler(HttpServletRequest req, BizException e){
        logger.error("發生業務異常!原因是:{}",e.getErrorMsg());
        return ResultBody.error(e.getErrorCode(),e.getErrorMsg());
    }


    /**
     * 處理空指針的異常
     * @param req
     * @param e
     * @return
     */
    @ExceptionHandler(value =NullPointerException.class)
    @ResponseBody
    public ResultBody exceptionHandler(HttpServletRequest req, NullPointerException e){
        logger.error("發生空指針異常!原因是:",e);
        return ResultBody.error(CommonEnum.BODY_NOT_MATCH);
    }

    /**
     * 處理請求方法不支持的異常
     * @param req
     * @param e
     * @return
     */
    @ExceptionHandler(value = HttpRequestMethodNotSupportedException.class)
    @ResponseBody
    public ResultBody exceptionHandler2(HttpServletRequest req, HttpRequestMethodNotSupportedException e){
        logger.error("發生請求方法不支持異常!原因是:",e);
        return ResultBody.error(CommonEnum.REQUEST_METHOD_SUPPORT_ERROR);
    }


    /**
     * 處理請求方法不支持的異常
     * @param req
     * @param e
     * @return
     */
    @ExceptionHandler(value = {ParamIsNullException.class,MissingServletRequestParameterException.class})
    @ResponseBody
    public ResultBody exceptionHandler3(HttpServletRequest req, Exception  e){
        logger.error("參數爲空!原因是:",e);
        return ResultBody.error(CommonEnum.SIGNATURE_NOT_MATCH.getResultCode(),e.getMessage());
    }




    /**
     * 處理其他異常
     * @param req
     * @param e
     * @return
     */
    @ExceptionHandler(value =Exception.class)
    @ResponseBody
    public ResultBody exceptionHandler(HttpServletRequest req, Exception e){
        logger.error("未知異常!原因是:",e);
        return ResultBody.error(CommonEnum.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR);
    }



}

 

 

 

 

好了,接下來看看這套實現的東西,效果如何:

給需要的校驗的參數加上我們的自定義註解即可,如:

    @GetMapping("/hello1")
    public ResultBody hello1(@ParamCheck  String name) {

        return ResultBody.success();
    }

正常訪問該接口,

 

那麼我們試試不傳參數name:

那麼我再試試,自定義註解裏面默認值的使用:

 

然後再調用接口,不傳name,可以看到默認值賦予成功:

最後再試試,同時用上註解   @RequestParam("userName")  給參數name起了個別名,然後也用上我們的自定義參數校驗註解,如:

 調用接口,正常訪問:

可以回顧看下我們AOP實現類裏面的代碼,沒錯,就是二維數組可以接受這個參數的多個註解:

簡單的測試效果就到此吧,自己打個debug斷點看一看就ok,該篇就到此吧。

 

 

 

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