採用Django實現的註冊登錄功能
項目地址:https://github.com/ylpxzx/Django_Auth
主要實現內容
參考
開通阿里雲短信服務:https://help.aliyun.com/document_detail/59210.html
開通並審覈成功後,可先進入下面鏈接測試短信服務是否能正常發送
https://api.aliyun.com/new?spm=a2c4g.11186623.2.13.4a7919d9RuZfPg#/
效果演示
登錄
註冊
在未登錄的情況下訪問:http://127.0.0.1:8000/index/。將自帶跳轉到登錄頁面
登錄成功後
跳轉到氣泡頁
項目目錄結構
項目實現
只介紹比較核心的代碼部分,其餘的可以到Github上拉取
擴展Django自帶的認證Users表
定義模型
- users/models.py
from django.db import models
from django.contrib.auth.models import AbstractUser
# Create your models here.
#繼承AbstractUser,對原有的User表進行擴展,記得在setting中修改爲AUTH_USER_MODEL = 'users.LoginUser'
class LoginUser(AbstractUser):
'''
用戶表
'''
phone_numbers = models.CharField(verbose_name='手機號', unique=True,max_length=11, default='')
def __str__(self):
return self.username
配置Settings.py
擴展了Users表後,需要在Settings.py聲明你之後所使用的用戶權限表
AUTH_USER_MODEL = 'users.LoginUser' # 擴展系統的用戶表後記得添加此行
LOGIN_URL = '/login/' # 想進入需要登錄才能訪問的頁面時,如果未登錄,將跳轉到LOGIN_URL指定的登錄界面
實現阿里雲短信發送服務
採用讀取配置文件的方式加載短信發送所需要的字段,解耦。
- conf/aliyun_api.py
import configparser
import os
from aliyunsdkcore.client import AcsClient
from aliyunsdkcore.request import CommonRequest
class AliYunSms:
def __init__(self,phone,params):
self.phone = phone
self.params = params
self.sms_param = parser_config('AliYun')
self.SignName = self.sms_param['SignName']
self.TemplateCode = self.sms_param['TemplateCode']
self.client = AcsClient(self.sms_param['ACCESS_KEY_ID'], self.sms_param['ACCESS_KEY_SECRET'], 'cn-hangzhou')
def send(self):
request = CommonRequest()
request.set_accept_format('json')
request.set_domain('dysmsapi.aliyuncs.com')
request.set_method('POST')
request.set_protocol_type('https') # https | http
request.set_version('2017-05-25')
request.set_action_name('SendSms')
request.add_query_param('RegionId', "cn-hangzhou")
request.add_query_param('PhoneNumbers', self.phone) # 接收方手機號
request.add_query_param('SignName', self.SignName) # SignName爲審覈通過的簽名名稱
request.add_query_param('TemplateCode', self.TemplateCode) # TemplateCode爲審覈通過的模板code
request.add_query_param('TemplateParam', self.params) # 要發送的驗證碼
response = self.client.do_action_with_exception(request)
return response
- 配置redis緩存 :settings.py
由於短信驗證碼的保存期限不長,而且考慮後續數量的問題,所以我們把驗證碼存入redis
# 配置redis緩存,短時間存儲手機驗證碼
redis_cache = parser_config('Redis')
CAHES = {
"default": {
"BACKEND": "django_redis.cache.RedisCache",
"LOCATION": redis_cache['LOCATION'],
"OPTIONS": {
"CLIENT_CLASS": "django_redis.client.DefaultClient",
# "PASSWORD": "密碼",
"DECODE_RESPONSES":True
}
},
}
- 調用短信發送:users/views.py
class SendSmsView(View):
def get(self,request):
return render(request, 'registered.html')
def post(self,request):
# 處理/static/js/jquery.js的ajax請求:Sendpwd(sender)
phone_number = request.POST.get('phone','')
print('手機號:',phone_number)
if LoginUser.objects.filter(phone_numbers=phone_number):
ret = {"status": 40, 'msg': '該手機號已被註冊'}
return HttpResponse(json.dumps(ret))
else:
code = (random.randint(1000, 100000))
# params = "{'code':%d}" % code
# 不採用celery方式發送短信
sms_obj = AliYunSms(phone_number,params)
print(sms_obj)
response = sms_obj.send()
# 採用celery發送短信
# send_sms.delay(phone_number,params)
cache.set(phone_number, code, 150) # 存入redis
ret = {"status": 20, 'msg': '驗證碼發送成功','code':code}
return HttpResponse(json.dumps(ret))
ajax請求實現過程
使用ajax請求可以不加載頁面發送請求。
實現請求的js文件主要位於以下兩個文件
- static/js/jquery.js
- static/js/jquery.step.js
處理ajax請求的路由
- users/urls.py
from django.conf.urls import url
from .views import RegisterView,IndexView,SendSmsView,CheckSmsView,PasswordSaveView,LoginView,CheckUserView
app_name = 'users'
urlpatterns = [
url(r'^register/',RegisterView.as_view(),name='register'),
url(r'^send_sms/',SendSmsView.as_view()), # 處理static/js/jquery.js的ajax請求,請求事件:Sendpwd
url(r'^check_sms/',CheckSmsView.as_view()), # 處理static/js/jquery.step.js的ajax請求,請求事件:$("#applyBtn").click(function(event)
url(r'^save_psd/',PasswordSaveView.as_view()), # 處理static/js/jquery.step.js的ajax請求,請求事件:$("#submitBtn").click(function(event)
url(r'^login/',LoginView.as_view(),name='login'),
url(r'^check_user/',CheckUserView.as_view()), # 處理static/js/jquery.js的ajax請求,請求事件:cliLogin
url(r'^index/',IndexView.as_view(),name='index'),
]
ajax請求實現,舉例:
- static/js/jquery.step.js
$("#submitBtn").click(function(event) {
var txtconfirm = $.trim($("#confirmpwd").val());
var txtPwd = $("#password").val();
if ($.trim(txtPwd) == "") {
Tips('請輸入你要設置的密碼!');
$("#txtPwd").focus();
return;
}
if($.trim(txtconfirm) == "") {
Tips('請再次輸入密碼!');
$("#txtconfirm").focus();
return;
}
if( $.trim(txtconfirm) != $.trim(txtPwd) ) {
Tips('你輸入的密碼不匹配,請從新輸入!');
$("#txtconfirm").focus();
return;
}
$.ajax({
url: "/save_psd/",
type: "POST",
dataType: "json",
data: {
'phone':$("#phone").val(),
'password':$("#confirmpwd").val()
},
success: function (data) {
console.log('sucess',data)
if (data.status == 20){
var yes=step.nextStep();
// 倒計時讀秒效果實現
var second = 5;
var time = document.getElementById("second");
//定義一個方法,獲取span標籤,修改span標籤體內容,時間--
function showTime(){
second -- ;
//判斷時間如果<= 0 ,則跳轉到首頁
if(second <= 0){
//跳轉到首頁
location.href = "/login/";
}
time.innerHTML = second +"";
}
//設置定時器,1秒執行一次該方法
setInterval(showTime,1000);
}else {
console.log('密碼保存失敗')
Tip(data.msg);
$("#txtPwd").focus();
return;
}
}
})
});
對應視圖處理
- users/views.py
class PasswordSaveView(View):
def get(self,request):
return render(request, 'registered.html')
def post(self,request):
# 處理/static/js/jquery.step.js的ajax請求:$("#submitBtn").click
phone_number = request.POST.get('phone','')
password = request.POST.get('password','')
print('手機號:',phone_number,'密碼:',password)
if LoginUser.objects.filter(phone_numbers=phone_number):
ret = {"status": 40, 'msg': '該手機號已被註冊'}
return HttpResponse(json.dumps(ret))
else:
# 保存註冊成功的用戶數據
user_profile = LoginUser(phone_numbers=phone_number)
user_profile.username = phone_number
# user_profile.is_active = False
user_profile.password = make_password(password)
user_profile.save()
ret = {"status": 20, 'msg': '註冊成功!'}
return HttpResponse(json.dumps(ret))
celery實現短信異步發送
celery一般用於處理比較耗時的請求任務,而短信、郵箱發送等都屬於比較耗時的任務請求,可以接入celery處理。
注意:Celery、Django和Python之間有一定的版本影響
這裏採用的各個版本爲:
Python 3.7
celery 4.4.2
Django 3.0.6
# 安裝Celery
pip install --upgrade -U celery # 也可自行百度安裝方法
# 在windows系統下,還需要安裝eventlet
pip install eventlet
Celery接入步驟
- 在與settings.py同目錄下創建celery.py文件
from __future__ import absolute_import
import os
from celery import Celery
# 只要是想在自己的腳本中訪問Django的數據庫等文件就必須配置Django的環境變量
os.environ.setdefault('DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE', 'login_djangoauth.settings') # login_djangoauth改爲自己的項目名
# app名字
app = Celery('login_djangoauth') # login_djangoauth改爲自己的項目名
# 配置celery
class Config:
BROKER_URL = 'redis://:密碼@127.0.0.1:6379/2' # 記得加上密碼,不然會一直報錯:RecursionError: maximum recursion depth exceeded in comparison
CELERY_RESULT_BACKEND = 'redis://:密碼@127.0.0.1:6379/3' # 格式:redis :// [: password@] host [: port] [/ database][? [timeout=timeout[d|h|m|s|ms|us|ns]] [&database=database]]
# 無密碼的情況:'redis://127.0.0.1:6379/2'
CELERY_TIMEZONE = 'Asia/Shanghai'
CELERY_ACCEPT_CONTENT = ['json', 'pickle']
CELERY_TASK_SERIALIZER = 'json'
CELERY_RESULT_SERIALIZER = 'json'
app.config_from_object(Config)
# 到各個APP裏自動發現tasks.py文件
app.autodiscover_tasks()
@app.task(bind=True)
def debug_task(self):
print('Request: {0!r}'.format(self.request))
- 在與settings.py同目錄下創建__init__.py文件
from __future__ import absolute_import, unicode_literals
# 告訴Django在啓動時別忘了檢測我的celery文件
from .celery import app as celery_app
__all__ = ['celery_app']
- 在需要實現異步處理的應用下創建 tasks.py 文件
這裏我們在 users 文件夾下創建 tasks.py 文件
from celery import shared_task
from aliyunsdkcore.client import AcsClient
from aliyunsdkcore.request import CommonRequest
from conf.aliyun_api import parser_config
# 被@shared_task裝飾的爲調用的異步請求任務
@shared_task
def send_sms(phone,code):
sms_obj = AliYunSms(phone,code)
print(sms_obj)
sms_obj.send()
class AliYunSms:
def __init__(self,phone,params):
self.phone = phone
self.params = params
self.sms_param = parser_config('AliYun')
self.SignName = self.sms_param['SignName']
self.TemplateCode = self.sms_param['TemplateCode']
self.client = AcsClient(self.sms_param['ACCESS_KEY_ID'], self.sms_param['ACCESS_KEY_SECRET'], 'cn-hangzhou')
def send(self):
request = CommonRequest()
request.set_accept_format('json')
request.set_domain('dysmsapi.aliyuncs.com')
request.set_method('POST')
request.set_protocol_type('https') # https | http
request.set_version('2017-05-25')
request.set_action_name('SendSms')
request.add_query_param('RegionId', "cn-hangzhou")
request.add_query_param('PhoneNumbers', self.phone)
request.add_query_param('SignName', self.SignName)
request.add_query_param('TemplateCode', self.TemplateCode)
request.add_query_param('TemplateParam', self.params)
response = self.client.do_action_with_exception(request)
print(response)
- 調用異步請求任務
users/views.py
from .tasks import send_sms
class SendSmsView(View):
def get(self,request):
return render(request, 'registered.html')
def post(self,request):
# 處理/static/js/jquery.js的ajax請求:Sendpwd(sender)
phone_number = request.POST.get('phone','')
print('手機號:',phone_number)
if LoginUser.objects.filter(phone_numbers=phone_number):
ret = {"status": 40, 'msg': '該手機號已被註冊'}
return HttpResponse(json.dumps(ret))
else:
code = (random.randint(1000, 100000))
params = "{'code':%d}" % code
# 採用celery異步發送短信
send_sms.delay(phone_number,params)
cache.set(phone_number, code, 150)
ret = {"status": 20, 'msg': '驗證碼發送成功','code':code}
return HttpResponse(json.dumps(ret))
- 啓動Celery:另開一個終端啓動celery
# login_djangoauth爲項目名
celery worker -A login_djangoauth --loglevel=info --pool=solo
接入Celery後的異常問題解決
這裏主要介紹個人遇到的一些異常問題,其他情況可自行百度
- RecursionError: maximum recursion depth exceeded in comparison
方法:redis未加上密碼時的異常問題,加上密碼後,基本就解決了 - Celery ValueError: not enough values to unpack (expected 3, got 0)
方法:win10上運行celery4.x就會出現這個問題,安裝eventlet即可解決,pip install eventlet - **TypeError: wrap_socket() got an unexpected keyword argument ‘_context’ **
方法:啓動命令的問題,改爲下面的命令啓動celery
# login_djangoauth爲項目名
celery worker -A login_djangoauth --loglevel=info --pool=solo
- django.db.utils.DatabaseError: DatabaseWrapper objects created in a thread can only be used in that same thread
方法:windows平臺下出現的問題,修改源碼 site-packages/celery/__init__.py 下的 _patch_eventlet(0 函數
修改前
def _patch_eventlet():
import eventlet
import eventlet.debug
eventlet.monkey_patch()
blockdetect = float(os.environ.get('EVENTLET_NOBLOCK', 0))
if blockdetect:
eventlet.debug.hub_blocking_detection(blockdetect, blockdetect)
修改後
def _patch_eventlet():
import eventlet
import eventlet.debug
eventlet.monkey_patch(thread=False) # 修改部分
blockdetect = float(os.environ.get('EVENTLET_NOBLOCK', 0))
if blockdetect:
eventlet.debug.hub_blocking_detection(blockdetect, blockdetect)