Lean UX 教你設計如何驅動產品

{"type":"doc","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"上一篇《敏捷+ UX =敏捷 UX》讓我意外收到了很多小夥伴的反饋。尤其是很多設計的同學都反饋給我,隨着團隊的敏捷轉型自己感覺越來越容易被取代和邊緣化,帶來的不適應和焦慮卻不能破局而出。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"看了文章開始,慢慢地學會如何融入到敏捷的團隊中,也克服了自己接受展示出來的東西都“很醜”或者“半吊子”的完美心態。而自己也越來越有“敏捷的味道”了,期待我還有一些敏捷、精益和設計相結合的文章。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"我很欣慰大家能有所收穫,成功把握敏捷的核心。尤其在設計這樣一個專業領域轉型,我能輸出一些自己參考性的意見幫到大家。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"那我今天在上次敏捷 UX 的基礎上,再跟大家分享一下 Lean UX 另外兩大基礎。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Lean UX"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"爲什麼我們要用Lean UX ?"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"傳統企業我們需要非常詳盡的設計,因爲我們是有生產環節的,需要實體的銷售模式投放市場,這要求設計不能產生半點差錯,不然成本會很高。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"但是今天的互聯網時代,我們不再受制於實體產品的生產流程,可以隨時縮短的生產週期要快速適應這瞬息萬變的市場,“一次性的完美設計” 已經不在受用,這時 Lean UX 就產生了。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"什麼是Lean UX?"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"使用協作、跨職能合作的方式,不依賴完備的文檔,強調讓整個團隊對真實產品體驗達成共識,從而儘快把產品的本質表現出來。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Lean UX 三大基礎,敏捷思維、設計流程、協作式設計。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"上篇文章我詳細給你介紹了敏捷思維(人和交互重於過程和工具、可以工作的軟件 重於求全而完備的文檔、客戶協作重於合同談判、 隨時應對變化重於遵循計劃),這篇我詳細給你介紹基於設計思維的流程和協作式設計。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https://static001.geekbang.org/infoq/26/26b50b87f6559d4905c5331c393205dd.jpeg","alt":null,"title":null,"style":null,"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"設計流程"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"以往的開發流程中,UX設計基本上是由需求和交付構成的。而Lean UX 要求設計的工作始終假設(提出假設,驗證假設),而不是需求。這也是設計思維的第一步。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"假設是一個項目的起點,闡述了一個明確的遠景,幫助團隊和管理者把對話的重點從“產出”(增加一個功能)到“成果”(希望提高註冊率)。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"假設包含以下要素:"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":3},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"一. 設想"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":4},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"描述設想"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"首先,描述設想是團隊活動,所有掌握項目關鍵知識的領域專家都要參與。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"其次,提前告知所有參與人我們要解決的問題是什麼,準備工作包括:"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"numberedlist","attrs":{"start":null,"normalizeStart":1},"content":[{"type":"listitem","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":1,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"現在產品使用情況分析報告;"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":2,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"闡明用戶行爲原因易用性報告;"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":3,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"過去解決問題的方法和經驗教訓;"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":4,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"利益相關者看法;"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":5,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"展示競爭者如何解決同樣問題的競爭者分析報告。"}]}]}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":4},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"問題陳述"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"問題模版由以下三個部分組成:"}]},{"type":"numberedlist","attrs":{"start":null,"normalizeStart":1},"content":[{"type":"listitem","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":1,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"產品或者系統的目標;"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":2,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"利益相關者希望解決的問題;"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":3,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"對於沒有指明具體解決方案,提出明確的改善需求。"}]}]}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":4},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"爲設想排序"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"優先級排序是殘酷的。假設的風險越高,我們對它的認識越不足,就越應該優先驗證。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"這裏有個實踐是畫排序圖。圓圈內的設想是我們優先需要驗證的,剩下的我們保存起來,適當的時間拿出來驗證。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https://static001.geekbang.org/infoq/e4/e43c0bab701bdbae5257210e26e4a289.png","alt":null,"title":null,"style":null,"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":3},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"二. 細分假設,明確成果"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"假設優先級排列好了,接下來我們需要對假設進行細分驗證。分裂成可驗證的子假設,並且對於成果有清晰的描述。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"增加註冊數,提高使用率這些籠統的結果在這裏需要細化,什麼行爲導致註冊數,使用率的增高和提高?把這些明確的列出來。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":3},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"三. 人物型格"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"有了設想,建立了細分的假設,闡明瞭成果,接下來設計師要做的就是建立人物原型,因爲我們所有的假設都需要把用戶放在首位,圍繞用戶來思考。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"這裏就需要設計思維中很重要的一個實踐:移情。移情圖在設計流程的起始階段非常有用,它可以揭示哪些問題需要我們解決,如何解決它們。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https://static001.geekbang.org/infoq/af/af561608761cab3e253942be32b3b572.jpeg","alt":null,"title":null,"style":null,"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"移情圖中關鍵6要素分別爲:"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"numberedlist","attrs":{"start":null,"normalizeStart":1},"content":[{"type":"listitem","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":1,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"他看到了什麼?即描述客戶在他的環境裏看到了什麼"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":2,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"他聽到是什麼?描述客戶環境是如何影響客戶"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":3,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"他的真正感覺和想法是什麼?設法描述你的客戶所想的是什麼"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":4,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"他說些什麼又做些什麼?想象這位客戶可能會說些什麼或者公開場所的行爲"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":5,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"這個客戶的痛苦是什麼?"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":6,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"這個客戶想得到什麼?"}]}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"團隊可以通過頭腦風暴的方式列出所有目標客戶,之後選定3~4個有差異的客戶,分門別類到之前的假設之中,接下來開始考慮策略、功能、產品和服務來驗證你的假設。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"以上Lean UX 基於設計思維的設計流程,可以幫你從無盡的細節中解放出來,爲現有問題尋求解決方案。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"從設想開始,轉化成可以驗證的假設,同時把你的受衆全部包括進去,這樣得出的假設就可以成爲你下一環節——協作式設計的基礎了。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"協作式設計"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"想要團隊達成共識最有效的方法就是協作。在敏捷團隊中你會看見,大部分工作都是同時進行,交接很少。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"你會發現當每個人都參與到設計用戶體驗時,當團隊把對話作爲最好的工具時,你會發現\"認知盈餘\"的力量有多麼的強大。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"當然爲了保證結果的有效,協作式設計仍然應由設計師主導,而協作設計的產物一般是低保真的草圖和線框圖。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"下面我會從兩種實踐來說明如何協作式設計。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":3},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"一. 設計工作室"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在設計流程中,我跟你分享瞭如何從設想開始建立假設的方法論,我也在一開始跟你說了這是個團隊參與的共同活動,但是如何有效的在團隊中開展,達成共識呢?這就需要設計工作室這一實踐。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"設計工作室開展工作的步驟:"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"明確問題時限制條件(15-45分鐘)"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"每個人獨立思考解決方案(發散,10分鐘)"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"解決方案展示以及評論(每人3分鐘)"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"迭代並改善(呈現,5-15分鐘)"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"團隊一起思考解決方案(收斂,45分鐘)"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"最終,設計工作室的產物是低保真的線框圖、原型、早期基本代碼。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":3},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"二. 風格指南"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"風格指南可以讓協作設計更容易,讓團隊更加高效。只要是用戶體驗的部分,都可以加入到風格指南之中。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https://static001.geekbang.org/infoq/4b/4b46f93f1a85f02a90e12825ef3f8ede.jpeg","alt":null,"title":null,"style":null,"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"製作的方法:"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"numberedlist","attrs":{"start":null,"normalizeStart":1},"content":[{"type":"listitem","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":1,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"一蹴而就法"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":2,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"水滴石穿法"}]}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"成功的風格指南特徵:"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"容易獲取、持續改善(活用式文檔)、易於採用"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"製作的步驟:"}]},{"type":"numberedlist","attrs":{"start":null,"normalizeStart":1},"content":[{"type":"listitem","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":1,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"製作目錄"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":2,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"添加素材"}]}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"協作式設計是UX的演變發展。這種\"外包式\"的設計流程提高了整個團隊的投入度。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"此外,設計工作室使用的低保真草圖也讓大家發散思維,儘量多產生想法,形成一個全員一致認可的共識。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"總結"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Lean UX 是產品設計自然演變的產物。它結合了最佳互動設計實踐和科學方法論。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"它融合了精益創業法、敏捷軟件開發方法以及設計思維的理念,提出了產品設計中自大的成分和不確定因素。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"我希望這兩篇文章從部分方法到理念能切實的幫助到你和團隊的轉型。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}}]}
發表評論
所有評論
還沒有人評論,想成為第一個評論的人麼? 請在上方評論欄輸入並且點擊發布.
相關文章