Centos7下安裝部署Zabbix-server

1. Zabbix簡介

• zabbix是一個基於WEB界面的提供分佈式系統監視以及網絡監視功能的企業級的開源解決方案。
• zabbix能監視各種網絡參數，保證服務器系統的安全運營；並提供靈活的通知機制以讓系統管理員快速定位/解決存在的各種問題。
• zabbix由2部分構成，zabbix server與可選組件zabbix agent。
• zabbix server可以通過SNMP，zabbix-agent，ping，端口監視等方法提供對遠程服務器/網絡狀態的監視，數據收集等功能，它可以運行在Linux，Solaris，HP-UX，AIX，FreeBSD，Open BSD，OS X等平臺上。

2. 服務器準備

2.1 主機信息+IP地址

#一臺虛擬機
hostname：Zabbix-server
ip：server_ip_address

2.2 查看主機的系統版本信息

[yuki@Zabbix-server tools]$ cat /etc/redhat-release 
CentOS Linux release 7.2.1511 (Core) 

2.3 暫時關掉防火牆和Selinux

[yuki@Zabbix-server tools]$ sudo firewall-cmd --state
running
[yuki@Zabbix-server tools]$ cat /etc/sysconfig/selinux 

# This file controls the state of SELinux on the system.
# SELINUX= can take one of these three values:
#     enforcing - SELinux security policy is enforced.
#     permissive - SELinux prints warnings instead of enforcing.
#     disabled - No SELinux policy is loaded.
SELINUX=enforcing
# SELINUXTYPE= can take one of three two values:
#     targeted - Targeted processes are protected,
#     minimum - Modification of targeted policy. Only selected processes are protected. 
#     mls - Multi Level Security protection.
SELINUXTYPE=targeted 
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[yuki@Zabbix-server tools]$ sudo systemctl stop firewalld.service
[yuki@Zabbix-server tools]$ sudo firewall-cmd --state                 
not running

[yuki@Zabbix-server tools]$ sudo setenforce 0  &&   sudo getenforce
[yuki@Zabbix-server tools]$ sudo sed -i  "s/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/g"  /etc/sysconfig/selinux 

3. 安裝Zabbix-server需要的環境（LAMP: httpd服務+數據庫服務+php）

3.1 LAMP介紹

• LAMP：Linux+Apache+Mysql/MariaDB+Perl/PHP/Python一組常用來搭建動態網站或者服務器的開源軟件，本身都是各自獨立的程序，但是因爲常被放在一起使用，擁有了越來越高的兼容度，共同組成了一個強大的Web應用程序平臺。
• LNMP：LNMP指的是一個基於CentOS/Debian編寫的Nginx、PHP、MySQL、phpMyAdmin、eAccelerator一鍵安裝包。可以在VPS、獨立主機上輕鬆的安裝LNMP生產環境。

3.2 安裝apache也就是httpd服務

3.2.1 直接yum安裝

[yuki@Zabbix-server tools]$ sudo yum install -y httpd
[yuki@Zabbix-server tools]$ sudo  rpm -qa|grep httpd
httpd-2.4.6-89.el7.centos.x86_64
httpd-tools-2.4.6-89.el7.centos.x86_64

3.2.2 設置httpd服務開機自啓動

[yuki@Zabbix-server tools]$ sudo systemctl enable httpd.service
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/httpd.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service.
[yuki@Zabbix-server tools]$ echo $?
0

3.2.3 啓動httpd服務

[yuki@Zabbix-server tools]$ sudo systemctl start httpd && sudo echo $?
0

### 查看是否啓動成功
[yuki@Zabbix-server tools]$ sudo systemctl status httpd.service
● httpd.service - The Apache HTTP Server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since 二 2019-05-07 11:20:50 CST; 2min 24s ago   ###active (running)###
     Docs: man:httpd(8)
           man:apachectl(8)
 Main PID: 18729 (httpd)
   Status: "Total requests: 0; Current requests/sec: 0; Current traffic:   0 B/sec"
   CGroup: /system.slice/httpd.service
           ├─18729 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
           ├─18730 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
           ├─18731 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
           ├─18732 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
           ├─18733 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
           └─18734 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND

5月 07 11:20:50 Zabbix-server systemd[1]: Starting The Apache HTTP Server...
5月 07 11:20:50 Zabbix-server httpd[18729]: AH00557: httpd: apr_sockaddr_info_get() failed for Zabbix-server
5月 07 11:20:50 Zabbix-server httpd[18729]: AH00558: httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified ...essage
5月 07 11:20:50 Zabbix-server systemd[1]: Started The Apache HTTP Server.
Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.

### 通過端口號查看httpd服務是否啓動成功
[yuki@Zabbix-server tools]$ sudo lsof -i:80
COMMAND   PID   USER   FD   TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME
httpd   18729   root    4u  IPv6  51904      0t0  TCP *:http (LISTEN)
httpd   18730 apache    4u  IPv6  51904      0t0  TCP *:http (LISTEN)
httpd   18731 apache    4u  IPv6  51904      0t0  TCP *:http (LISTEN)
httpd   18732 apache    4u  IPv6  51904      0t0  TCP *:http (LISTEN)
httpd   18733 apache    4u  IPv6  51904      0t0  TCP *:http (LISTEN)
httpd   18734 apache    4u  IPv6  51904      0t0  TCP *:http (LISTEN)

3.3 安裝數據庫—存儲zabbix採集到的數據

3.3.1 直接yum安裝

注意：因爲7版本的mysql要收費，所以我們這裏安裝mariadb代替mysql

[yuki@Zabbix-server tools]$ sudo yum install -y mariadb mariadb-server
[yuki@Zabbix-server tools]$ sudo rpm -qa mariadb
mariadb-5.5.60-1.el7_5.x86_64
[yuki@Zabbix-server tools]$ sudo rpm -qa mariadb-server
mariadb-server-5.5.60-1.el7_5.x86_64

3.3.2 設置mysql服務開機自啓動

[yuki@Zabbix-server tools]$  sudo systemctl enable mariadb.service  && sudo echo $?
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/mariadb.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/mariadb.service.
0

3.3.3 啓動mysql服務

[yuki@Zabbix-server tools]$ sudo systemctl start mariadb.service  && echo $?
0

### 檢查數據庫是否啓動成功

[yuki@Zabbix-server tools]$ sudo lsof -i:3306
COMMAND   PID  USER   FD   TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME
mysqld  19065 mysql   13u  IPv4  54342      0t0  TCP *:mysql (LISTEN)

[yuki@Zabbix-server tools]$ mysql
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 2
Server version: 5.5.60-MariaDB MariaDB Server

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

MariaDB [(none)]> select version();
+----------------+
| version()      |
+----------------+
| 5.5.60-MariaDB |
+----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> exit;
Bye

3.4 安裝php環境

[yuki@Zabbix-server tools]$ sudo yum install -y php php-mysql
[yuki@Zabbix-server tools]$ echo $?
0
[yuki@Zabbix-server tools]$ sudo rpm -qa|grep php
php-cli-5.4.16-46.el7.x86_64
php-bcmath-5.4.16-46.el7.x86_64
php-ldap-5.4.16-46.el7.x86_64
php-pdo-5.4.16-46.el7.x86_64
php-5.4.16-46.el7.x86_64
php-mbstring-5.4.16-46.el7.x86_64
php-xml-5.4.16-46.el7.x86_64
php-gd-5.4.16-46.el7.x86_64
php-common-5.4.16-46.el7.x86_64
php-mysql-5.4.16-46.el7.x86_64

4. 正式安裝Zabbix-server

注意：zabbix-server也要監控自身，所以也要同時安裝zabbix-agent

4.1 下載zabbix的rpm安裝包

[yuki@Zabbix-server tools]$ cd /home/tools/      

### 第一種下載安裝rpm包的方法 ####    
[yuki@Zabbix-server tools]$  sudo wget http://repo.zabbix.com/zabbix/3.4/rhel/7/x86_64/zabbix-release-3.4-2.el7.noarch.rpm
[yuki@Zabbix-server tools]$ ll
總用量 875952
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root     13572 8月  28 2017 zabbix-release-3.4-2.el7.noarch.rpm

[yuki@Zabbix-server tools]$ sudo yum install -y zabbix-release-3.4-2.el7.noarch.rpm 
[yuki@Zabbix-server tools]$ rpm -qa |grep  zabbix
zabbix-release-3.4-2.el7.noarch

### 第二種下載安裝rpm包的方法 ####
[yuki@Zabbix-server tools]$ sudo rpm -ivh http://repo.zabbix.com/zabbix/3.4/rhel/7/x86_64/zabbix-release-3.4-2.el7.noarch.rpm
獲取http://repo.zabbix.com/zabbix/3.4/rhel/7/x86_64/zabbix-release-3.4-2.el7.noarch.rpm
警告：/var/tmp/rpm-tmp.RJZaYd: 頭V4 RSA/SHA512 Signature, 密鑰 ID a14fe591: NOKEY
準備中...                          ################################# [100%]
        軟件包 zabbix-release-3.4-2.el7.noarch 已經安裝

4.2 安裝zabbix*

[yuki@Zabbix-server tools]$ sudo yum install -y zabbix-server-mysql zabbix-get zabbix-web zabbix-web-mysql zabbix-agent zabbix-sender
[yuki@Zabbix-server tools]$ sudo rpm -qa  zabbix-server-mysql zabbix-get zabbix-web zabbix-web-mysql zabbix-agent zabbix-sender
zabbix-web-mysql-3.4.15-1.el7.noarch
zabbix-get-3.4.15-1.el7.x86_64
zabbix-web-3.4.15-1.el7.noarch
zabbix-server-mysql-3.4.15-1.el7.x86_64
zabbix-agent-3.4.15-1.el7.x86_64
zabbix-sender-3.4.15-1.el7.x86_64

4.3 在數據庫中創建一個zabbix庫並設置爲utf8的字符編碼格式

[yuki@Zabbix-server tools]$ mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: 

Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 3
Server version: 5.5.60-MariaDB MariaDB Server

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

MariaDB [(none)]> MariaDB [(none)]> create database zabbix character set utf8 collate utf8_bin;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> grant all privileges on zabbix.* to zabbix@localhost identified by 'zabbix';
MariaDB [(none)]> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> exit
Bye

4.4 向zabbix庫導入表 — 初始化zabbix數據

[yuki@Zabbix-server zabbix-server-mysql-3.4.15]$ sudo rpm -qa zabbix-server-mysql
zabbix-server-mysql-3.4.15-1.el7.x86_64
[yuki@Zabbix-server zabbix-server-mysql-3.4.15]$ cd /usr/share/doc/zabbix-server-mysql-3.4.15
[yuki@Zabbix-server zabbix-server-mysql-3.4.15]$ ll
總用量 2120
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root      98 11月 12 18:50 AUTHORS
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  866545 11月 12 18:50 ChangeLog
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root   17990 11月 12 18:50 COPYING
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1267039 11月 12 18:54 create.sql.gz    ### ###
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root      52 11月 12 18:50 NEWS
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root    1062 11月 12 18:50 README

### 解壓sql文件

[yuki@Zabbix-server zabbix-server-mysql-3.4.15]$ sudo gunzip create.sql.gz  ###使用gunzip命令
[yuki@Zabbix-server zabbix-server-mysql-3.4.15]$ ll
總用量 5756
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root      98 11月 12 18:50 AUTHORS
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  866545 11月 12 18:50 ChangeLog
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root   17990 11月 12 18:50 COPYING
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 4990625 11月 12 18:54 create.sql
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root      52 11月 12 18:50 NEWS
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root    1062 11月 12 18:50 README

### 對錶進行導入

[yuki@Zabbix-server zabbix-server-mysql-3.4.15]$ mysql -uzabbix -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 3
Server version: 5.5.60-MariaDB MariaDB Server

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

MariaDB [(none)]> use zabbix;
Database changed
MariaDB [zabbix]> source create.sql;
MariaDB [zabbix]> show tables;
MariaDB [zabbix]> exit;

4.5 配置zabbix server配置文件

[yuki@Zabbix-server ~]$ cd /etc/zabbix   
[yuki@Zabbix-server zabbix]$ ll
總用量 28
drwxr-x---. 2 apache apache    32 5月   7 11:52 web
-rw-r--r--. 1 root   root   10632 11月 12 18:55 zabbix_agentd.conf
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root   root      37 5月   7 11:52 zabbix_agentd.d
-rw-r-----. 1 root   zabbix 15527 11月 12 18:55 zabbix_server.conf    #####

[yuki@Zabbix-server zabbix]$ sudo vi zabbix_server.conf
### 編輯之後的配置文件內容如下：
[yuki@Zabbix-server zabbix]$ sudo egrep -v "^$|^#"  zabbix_server.conf 
# Include=/usr/local/etc/zabbix_server.general.conf
# Include=/usr/local/etc/zabbix_server.conf.d/
# Include=/usr/local/etc/zabbix_server.conf.d/*.conf
LogFile=/var/log/zabbix/zabbix_server.log
LogFileSize=0
PidFile=/var/run/zabbix/zabbix_server.pid
SocketDir=/var/run/zabbix
DBHost=localhost   ####
DBName=zabbix
DBUser=zabbix
DBPassword=zabbix
DBSocket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
SNMPTrapperFile=/var/log/snmptrap/snmptrap.log
Timeout=4
AlertScriptsPath=/usr/lib/zabbix/alertscripts
ExternalScripts=/usr/lib/zabbix/externalscripts
LogSlowQueries=3000

4.6 設置zabbix-server服務開機自啓動

[yuki@Zabbix-server zabbix]$ sudo systemctl enable zabbix-server.service  && echo $?     
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/zabbix-server.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/zabbix-server.service.
0

4.7 啓動zabbix-server

[yuki@Zabbix-server zabbix]$ sudo systemctl start zabbix-server.service  && echo $?       
0
### 檢查zabbix-server是否啓動成功？注意：zabbix-server服務沒有端口。
[yuki@Zabbix-server zabbix]$  sudo ps -ef |grep zabbix_server
注意：是過濾zabbix_server而不是zabbix-server
因爲：在sudo systemctl start zabbix-server.service啓動的時候，
實際上是調用的 /usr/sbin/zabbix_server -c /etc/zabbix/zabbix_server.conf 命令

4.8 設置zabbix-server服務開機自啓動

[yuki@Zabbix-server zabbix]$ sudo systemctl enable zabbix-server.service  && echo $?     
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/zabbix-server.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/zabbix-server.service.
0

5. 開始LAMP和Zabbix-server的關聯配置

5.1 配置httpd相關聯的zabbix配置文件

[yuki@Zabbix-server zabbix]$ cd /etc/httpd/conf.d
[yuki@Zabbix-server conf.d]$ ll
總用量 24
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 2926 4月  24 21:45 autoindex.conf
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  691 10月 31 2018 php.conf
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  366 4月  24 21:46 README
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1252 4月  24 21:44 userdir.conf
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  824 4月  24 21:44 welcome.conf
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  870 7月  30 2018 zabbix.conf    ###修改這個文件配置###
[yuki@Zabbix-server conf.d]$ cat   /etc/httpd/conf.d/zabbix.conf        
#
# Zabbix monitoring system php web frontend
#

Alias /zabbix /usr/share/zabbix

<Directory "/usr/share/zabbix">   ###zabbix-server安裝路徑####
    Options FollowSymLinks
    AllowOverride None
    Require all granted

    <IfModule mod_php5.c>
        php_value max_execution_time 300
        php_value memory_limit 128M
        php_value post_max_size 16M
        php_value upload_max_filesize 2M
        php_value max_input_time 300
        php_value max_input_vars 10000
        php_value always_populate_raw_post_data -1
        # php_value date.timezone Europe/Riga
         php_value date.timezone Asia/Shanghai     ###配置時區###
    </IfModule>
</Directory>

<Directory "/usr/share/zabbix/conf">
    Require all denied
</Directory>

<Directory "/usr/share/zabbix/app">
    Require all denied
</Directory>

<Directory "/usr/share/zabbix/include">
    Require all denied
</Directory>

<Directory "/usr/share/zabbix/local">
    Require all denied
</Directory>

5.2 重啓httpd服務

[yuki@Zabbix-server conf.d]$ sudo systemctl restart httpd.service && echo $?

6. 登錄zabbix的web管理頁面進行初始化配置

6.1 訪問地址：http://server_ip_address/zabbix/setup.php

注意：Password是我們之前設置的數據庫密碼zabbix

到這一步就基本上完成了初始化配置了，接着就可以登錄賬號了

登陸賬戶默認是Admin 密碼是zabbix

6.2 設置web頁面中文顯示

6.3 對Zabbix-server服務器自身進行監控

6.4 解決中文亂碼無法顯示的問題

中文亂碼，如下圖：

解決辦法：從我們電腦win7(控制面板\所有控制面板項\字體)裏面找到"黑體"(文件名：simhei.ttf)，然後右鍵複製到桌面，再然後上傳到zabbix-server服務器指定路徑下面，具體步驟操作如下：

[yuki@Zabbix-server ~]# cd /usr/share/zabbix/fonts
[yuki@Zabbix-server fonts]# ll
總用量 0
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 33 5月   7 11:52 graphfont.ttf -> /etc/alternatives/zabbix-web-font
[yuki@Zabbix-server fonts]# sudo cp  graphfont.ttf  graphfont.ttf_bak20190510   ##先備份，防止出錯##
[yuki@Zabbix-server fonts]# ll
總用量 704
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root     33 5月   7 11:52 graphfont.ttf -> /etc/alternatives/zabbix-web-font
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 720012 5月  10 10:55 graphfont.ttf_bak20190510

[yuki@Zabbix-server fonts]# sudo rz -y
rz waiting to receive.
Starting zmodem transfer.  Press Ctrl+C to cancel.
Transferring simhei.ttf...
  100%    9523 KB    9523 KB/sec    00:00:01       0 Errors  

[yuki@Zabbix-server fonts]# ll
總用量 10228
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root      33 5月   7 11:52 graphfont.ttf -> /etc/alternatives/zabbix-web-font
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  720012 5月  10 10:55 graphfont.ttf_bak20190510
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 9751720 8月  22 2013 simhei.ttf
[yuki@Zabbix-server fonts]# sudo  mv simhei.ttf  graphfont.ttf
[yuki@Zabbix-server fonts]# ll
總用量 10228
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 9751720 8月  22 2013 graphfont.ttf
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  720012 5月  10 10:55 graphfont.ttf_bak20190510

###修改配置結束後再次重啓zabbix-server服務
[yuki@Zabbix-server ~]$ sudo systemctl start zabbix-agent.service  && echo $?       
0

修改成功再次登錄刷新頁面就沒有中文亂碼了，如下圖：