一、下載源代碼
網站：https://mirrors.edge.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/Historic/old-versions/
二、
chenhao@chenhao-VirtualBox:~/chenhao/linux0.12/linux-0.12$ make
cpp -nostdinc -Iinclude -traditional boot/bootsect.S -o boot/bootsect.s
as86 -0 -a -o boot/bootsect.o boot/bootsect.s
ld86 -0 -s -o boot/bootsect boot/bootsect.o
cpp -nostdinc -Iinclude -traditional boot/setup.S -o boot/setup.s
as86 -0 -a -o boot/setup.o boot/setup.s
ld86 -0 -s -o boot/setup boot/setup.o
gas -c -o boot/head.o boot/head.s
make: gas: Command not found
Makefile:35: recipe for target 'boot/head.o' failed
make: *** [boot/head.o] Error 127
gas，gld已經被淘汰，該替換成as和ld（Makefile中）
chenhao@chenhao-VirtualBox:~/chenhao/linux0.12/linux-0.12$ make
as -c -o boot/head.o boot/head.s
boot/head.s: Assembler messages:
boot/head.s:43: Error: unsupported instruction `mov'
boot/head.s:47: Error: unsupported instruction `mov'
boot/head.s:59: Error: unsupported instruction `mov'
boot/head.s:61: Error: unsupported instruction `mov'
boot/head.s:136: Error: invalid instruction suffix for `push'
boot/head.s:137: Error: invalid instruction suffix for `push'
boot/head.s:138: Error: invalid instruction suffix for `push'
boot/head.s:139: Error: invalid instruction suffix for `push'
boot/head.s:140: Error: invalid instruction suffix for `push'
boot/head.s:151: Error: invalid instruction suffix for `push'
boot/head.s:152: Error: invalid instruction suffix for `push'
boot/head.s:153: Error: invalid instruction suffix for `push'
boot/head.s:154: Error: operand type mismatch for `push'
boot/head.s:155: Error: operand type mismatch for `push'
boot/head.s:161: Error: invalid instruction suffix for `push'
boot/head.s:163: Error: invalid instruction suffix for `pop'
boot/head.s:165: Error: operand type mismatch for `pop'
boot/head.s:166: Error: operand type mismatch for `pop'
boot/head.s:167: Error: invalid instruction suffix for `pop'
boot/head.s:168: Error: invalid instruction suffix for `pop'
boot/head.s:169: Error: invalid instruction suffix for `pop'
boot/head.s:214: Error: unsupported instruction `mov'
boot/head.s:215: Error: unsupported instruction `mov'
boot/head.s:217: Error: unsupported instruction `mov'
boot/head.s:231: Error: alignment not a power of 2
Makefile:35: recipe for target 'boot/head.o' failed
make: *** [boot/head.o] Error 1
這是由於在64位機器上編譯的原因，需要告訴編譯器，我們要編譯32位的code，在所有Makefile的AS後面添加 --32，CFLAGS中加-m32
chenhao@chenhao-VirtualBox:~/chenhao/linux0.12/linux-0.12$ make
as --32 -c -o boot/head.o boot/head.s
boot/head.s: Assembler messages:
boot/head.s:231: Error: alignment not a power of 2
Makefile:35: recipe for target 'boot/head.o' failed
make: *** [boot/head.o] Error 1
把align n -> align 2^n
chenhao@chenhao-VirtualBox:~/chenhao/linux0.12/linux-0.12$ make
as --32 -c -o boot/head.o boot/head.s
gcc -Wall -O -fstrength-reduce -fomit-frame-pointer -fcombine-regs -mstring-insns -m32 \
-nostdinc -Iinclude -c -o init/main.o init/main.c
gcc: error: unrecognized command line option ‘-fcombine-regs’; did you mean ‘-Wcompare-reals’?
gcc: error: unrecognized command line option ‘-mstring-insns’; did you mean ‘-fstrict-enums’?
Makefile:37: recipe for target 'init/main.o' failed
make: *** [init/main.o] Error 1
現在的編譯器不支持-fcombine-regs和-mstring-insns選項，Makefile中刪除這兩個後綴
chenhao@chenhao-VirtualBox:~/chenhao/linux0.12/linux-0.12$ make
gcc -Wall -O -fstrength-reduce -fomit-frame-pointer -m32 \
-nostdinc -Iinclude -c -o init/main.o init/main.c
In file included from init/main.c:8:0:
init/main.c:23:29: error: static declaration of ‘fork’ follows non-static declaration
static inline _syscall0(int,fork)
^
include/unistd.h:151:6: note: in definition of macro ‘_syscall0’
type name(void) \
^~~~
include/unistd.h:227:5: note: previous declaration of ‘fork’ was here
int fork(void);
^~~~
init/main.c:24:29: error: static declaration of ‘pause’ follows non-static declaration
static inline _syscall0(int,pause)
^
include/unistd.h:151:6: note: in definition of macro ‘_syscall0’
type name(void) \
^~~~
include/unistd.h:241:5: note: previous declaration of ‘pause’ was here
int pause(void);
^~~~~
init/main.c:26:29: error: static declaration of ‘sync’ follows non-static declaration
static inline _syscall0(int,sync)
^
include/unistd.h:151:6: note: in definition of macro ‘_syscall0’
type name(void) \
^~~~
include/unistd.h:252:5: note: previous declaration of ‘sync’ was here
int sync(void);
^~~~
In file included from init/main.c:42:0:
include/string.h:128:22: warning: conflicting types for built-in function ‘strchr’ [-Wbuiltin-declaration-mismatch]
extern inline char * strchr(const char * s,char c)
^~~~~~
include/string.h:145:22: warning: conflicting types for built-in function ‘strrchr’ [-Wbuiltin-declaration-mismatch]
extern inline char * strrchr(const char * s,char c)
^~~~~~~
include/string.h:379:22: warning: conflicting types for built-in function ‘memchr’ [-Wbuiltin-declaration-mismatch]
extern inline void * memchr(const void * cs,char c,int count)
^~~~~~
include/string.h:395:22: warning: conflicting types for built-in function ‘memset’ [-Wbuiltin-declaration-mismatch]
extern inline void * memset(void * s,char c,int count)
^~~~~~
init/main.c:127:6: warning: return type of ‘main’ is not ‘int’ [-Wmain]
void main(void) /* This really IS void, no error here. */
^~~~
init/main.c:179:12: error: static declaration of ‘printf’ follows non-static declaration
static int printf(const char *fmt, ...)
^~~~~~
In file included from include/linux/mm.h:6:0,
from include/linux/sched.h:36,
from init/main.c:29:
include/linux/kernel.h:7:5: note: previous declaration of ‘printf’ was here
int printf(const char * fmt, ...);
^~~~~~
Makefile:37: recipe for target 'init/main.o' failed
make: *** [init/main.o] Error 1
23/24/25/26行報錯是說類型不匹配，前面unistd.h中函數是non-static型，這個main.c文件中是static型的，需要把static inline去掉。後面的printf也是一樣。
chenhao@chenhao-VirtualBox:~/chenhao/linux0.12/linux-0.12$ make
gcc -Wall -O -fstrength-reduce -fomit-frame-pointer -m32 \
-nostdinc -Iinclude -c -o init/main.o init/main.c
In file included from init/main.c:42:0:
include/string.h:128:22: warning: conflicting types for built-in function ‘strchr’ [-Wbuiltin-declaration-mismatch]
extern inline char * strchr(const char * s,char c)
^~~~~~
include/string.h:145:22: warning: conflicting types for built-in function ‘strrchr’ [-Wbuiltin-declaration-mismatch]
extern inline char * strrchr(const char * s,char c)
^~~~~~~
include/string.h:379:22: warning: conflicting types for built-in function ‘memchr’ [-Wbuiltin-declaration-mismatch]
extern inline void * memchr(const void * cs,char c,int count)
^~~~~~
include/string.h:395:22: warning: conflicting types for built-in function ‘memset’ [-Wbuiltin-declaration-mismatch]
extern inline void * memset(void * s,char c,int count)
^~~~~~
init/main.c:127:6: warning: return type of ‘main’ is not ‘int’ [-Wmain]
void main(void) /* This really IS void, no error here. */
^~~~
init/main.c: In function ‘init’:
init/main.c:200:21: warning: format ‘%d’ expects argument of type ‘int’, but argument 2 has type ‘long int’ [-Wformat=]
printf("Free mem: %d bytes\n\r",memory_end-main_memory_start);
~^ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
%ld
In file included from init/main.c:42:0:
include/string.h: In function ‘strcpy’:
include/string.h:29:1: error: ‘asm’ operand has impossible constraints
__asm__("cld\n"
^~~~~~~
Makefile:37: recipe for target 'init/main.o' failed
make: *** [init/main.o] Error 1
新版的asm最後的寄存器不能出現已使用的。需要全部刪除。
chenhao@chenhao-VirtualBox:~/chenhao/linux0.12/linux-0.12$ make
(cd kernel; make)
make[1]: Entering directory '/home/chenhao/chenhao/linux0.12/linux-0.12/kernel'
gcc -Wall -O -fstrength-reduce -fomit-frame-pointer -fcombine-regs -nostdinc -I../include \
-c -o sched.o sched.c
gcc: error: unrecognized command line option ‘-fcombine-regs’; did you mean ‘-Wcompare-reals’?
Makefile:24: recipe for target 'sched.o' failed
make[1]: *** [sched.o] Error 1
make[1]: Leaving directory '/home/chenhao/chenhao/linux0.12/linux-0.12/kernel'
Makefile:75: recipe for target 'kernel/kernel.o' failed
make: *** [kernel/kernel.o] Error 2
選項 -fcombine-regs也不支持了，全部刪除。
chenhao@chenhao-VirtualBox:~/chenhao/linux0.12/linux-0.12$ make
gcc -Wall -O -fstrength-reduce -fomit-frame-pointer -m32 \
-nostdinc -Iinclude -c -o init/main.o init/main.c
In file included from init/main.c:42:0:
include/string.h:128:22: warning: conflicting types for built-in function ‘strchr’ [-Wbuiltin-declaration-mismatch]
extern inline char * strchr(const char * s,char c)
^~~~~~
include/string.h:145:22: warning: conflicting types for built-in function ‘strrchr’ [-Wbuiltin-declaration-mismatch]
extern inline char * strrchr(const char * s,char c)
^~~~~~~
include/string.h:379:22: warning: conflicting types for built-in function ‘memchr’ [-Wbuiltin-declaration-mismatch]
extern inline void * memchr(const void * cs,char c,int count)
^~~~~~
include/string.h:395:22: warning: conflicting types for built-in function ‘memset’ [-Wbuiltin-declaration-mismatch]
extern inline void * memset(void * s,char c,int count)
^~~~~~
init/main.c:127:6: warning: return type of ‘main’ is not ‘int’ [-Wmain]
void main(void) /* This really IS void, no error here. */
^~~~
init/main.c: In function ‘init’:
init/main.c:200:21: warning: format ‘%d’ expects argument of type ‘int’, but argument 2 has type ‘long int’ [-Wformat=]
printf("Free mem: %d bytes\n\r",memory_end-main_memory_start);
~^ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
%ld
(cd kernel; make)
make[1]: Entering directory '/home/chenhao/chenhao/linux0.12/linux-0.12/kernel'
gcc -Wall -O -fstrength-reduce -fomit-frame-pointer -nostdinc -I../include -m32 \
-c -o sched.o sched.c
sched.c: In function ‘__sleep_on’:
sched.c:190:6: warning: suggest parentheses around assignment used as truth value [-Wparentheses]
if (*p = tmp)
^
sched.c: Assembler messages:
sched.c:165: Warning: indirect ljmp without `*'
gcc -Wall -O -fstrength-reduce -fomit-frame-pointer -nostdinc -I../include -m32 \
-c -o traps.o traps.c
In file included from traps.c:13:0:
../include/string.h:128:22: warning: conflicting types for built-in function ‘strchr’ [-Wbuiltin-declaration-mismatch]
extern inline char * strchr(const char * s,char c)
^~~~~~
../include/string.h:145:22: warning: conflicting types for built-in function ‘strrchr’ [-Wbuiltin-declaration-mismatch]
extern inline char * strrchr(const char * s,char c)
^~~~~~~
../include/string.h:379:22: warning: conflicting types for built-in function ‘memchr’ [-Wbuiltin-declaration-mismatch]
extern inline void * memchr(const void * cs,char c,int count)
^~~~~~
../include/string.h:395:22: warning: conflicting types for built-in function ‘memset’ [-Wbuiltin-declaration-mismatch]
extern inline void * memset(void * s,char c,int count)
^~~~~~
gcc -Wall -O -fstrength-reduce -fomit-frame-pointer -nostdinc -I../include -m32 \
-c -o fork.o fork.c
fork.c: In function ‘copy_process’:
fork.c:120:7: warning: suggest parentheses around assignment used as truth value [-Wparentheses]
if (f=p->filp[i])
^
gcc -Wall -O -fstrength-reduce -fomit-frame-pointer -nostdinc -I../include -m32 \
-c -o panic.o panic.c
gcc -Wall -O -fstrength-reduce -fomit-frame-pointer -nostdinc -I../include -m32 \
-c -o printk.o printk.c
gcc -Wall -O -fstrength-reduce -fomit-frame-pointer -nostdinc -I../include -m32 \
-c -o vsprintf.o vsprintf.c
In file included from vsprintf.c:13:0:
../include/string.h:128:22: warning: conflicting types for built-in function ‘strchr’ [-Wbuiltin-declaration-mismatch]
extern inline char * strchr(const char * s,char c)
^~~~~~
../include/string.h:145:22: warning: conflicting types for built-in function ‘strrchr’ [-Wbuiltin-declaration-mismatch]
extern inline char * strrchr(const char * s,char c)
^~~~~~~
../include/string.h:379:22: warning: conflicting types for built-in function ‘memchr’ [-Wbuiltin-declaration-mismatch]
extern inline void * memchr(const void * cs,char c,int count)
^~~~~~
../include/string.h:395:22: warning: conflicting types for built-in function ‘memset’ [-Wbuiltin-declaration-mismatch]
extern inline void * memset(void * s,char c,int count)
^~~~~~
vsprintf.c: In function ‘number’:
vsprintf.c:58:5: warning: suggest explicit braces to avoid ambiguous ‘else’ [-Wdangling-else]
if (type&SPECIAL)
^
vsprintf.c:73:5: warning: suggest explicit braces to avoid ambiguous ‘else’ [-Wdangling-else]
if (type&SPECIAL)
^
vsprintf.c: In function ‘vsprintf’:
vsprintf.c:105:6: warning: variable ‘qualifier’ set but not used [-Wunused-but-set-variable]
int qualifier; /* 'h', 'l', or 'L' for integer fields */
^~~~~~~~~
gcc -Wall -O -fstrength-reduce -fomit-frame-pointer -nostdinc -I../include -m32 \
-c -o sys.o sys.c
In file included from sys.c:18:0:
../include/string.h:128:22: warning: conflicting types for built-in function ‘strchr’ [-Wbuiltin-declaration-mismatch]
extern inline char * strchr(const char * s,char c)
^~~~~~
../include/string.h:145:22: warning: conflicting types for built-in function ‘strrchr’ [-Wbuiltin-declaration-mismatch]
extern inline char * strrchr(const char * s,char c)
^~~~~~~
../include/string.h:379:22: warning: conflicting types for built-in function ‘memchr’ [-Wbuiltin-declaration-mismatch]
extern inline void * memchr(const void * cs,char c,int count)
^~~~~~
../include/string.h:395:22: warning: conflicting types for built-in function ‘memset’ [-Wbuiltin-declaration-mismatch]
extern inline void * memset(void * s,char c,int count)
^~~~~~
gcc -Wall -O -fstrength-reduce -fomit-frame-pointer -nostdinc -I../include -m32 \
-c -o exit.o exit.c
exit.c: In function ‘sys_kill’:
exit.c:214:8: warning: suggest parentheses around assignment used as truth value [-Wparentheses]
if (err = send_sig(sig,*p,0))
^~~
exit.c: In function ‘do_exit’:
exit.c:309:6: warning: suggest parentheses around assignment used as truth value [-Wparentheses]
if (p = current->p_cptr) {
^
exit.c: In function ‘sys_exit’:
exit.c:368:1: warning: control reaches end of non-void function [-Wreturn-type]
}
^
gcc -Wall -O -fstrength-reduce -fomit-frame-pointer -nostdinc -I../include -m32 \
-c -o signal.o signal.c
gcc -Wall -O -fstrength-reduce -fomit-frame-pointer -nostdinc -I../include -m32 \
-c -o mktime.o mktime.c
ld -r -o kernel.o sched.o sys_call.o traps.o asm.o fork.o panic.o printk.o vsprintf.o sys.o exit.o signal.o mktime.o
traps.o: In function `oom':
traps.c:(.text+0x49b): multiple definition of `oom'
sched.o:sched.c:(.text+0x115): first defined here
traps.o: In function `get_fs_byte':
traps.c:(.text+0x4c7): multiple definition of `get_fs_byte'
sched.o:sched.c:(.text+0x141): first defined here
traps.o: In function `get_fs_word':
traps.c:(.text+0x4cf): multiple definition of `get_fs_word'
sched.o:sched.c:(.text+0x149): first defined here
traps.o: In function `get_fs_long':
traps.c:(.text+0x4d8): multiple definition of `get_fs_long'
sched.o:sched.c:(.text+0x152): first defined here
traps.o: In function `put_fs_byte':
traps.c:(.text+0x4e0): multiple definition of `put_fs_byte'
sched.o:sched.c:(.text+0x15a): first defined here
traps.o: In function `put_fs_word':
traps.c:(.text+0x4ec): multiple definition of `put_fs_word'
sched.o:sched.c:(.text+0x166): first defined here
traps.o: In function `put_fs_long':
traps.c:(.text+0x4f9): multiple definition of `put_fs_long'
sched.o:sched.c:(.text+0x173): first defined here
traps.o: In function `get_fs':
traps.c:(.text+0x505): multiple definition of `get_fs'
sched.o:sched.c:(.text+0x17f): first defined here
traps.o: In function `get_ds':
traps.c:(.text+0x50c): multiple definition of `get_ds'
sched.o:sched.c:(.text+0x186): first defined here
traps.o: In function `set_fs':
traps.c:(.text+0x513): multiple definition of `set_fs'
sched.o:sched.c:(.text+0x18d): first defined here
fork.o: In function `oom':
fork.c:(.text+0x0): multiple definition of `oom'
sched.o:sched.c:(.text+0x115): first defined here
fork.o: In function `get_fs_byte':
fork.c:(.text+0x2c): multiple definition of `get_fs_byte'
sched.o:sched.c:(.text+0x141): first defined here
fork.o: In function `get_fs_word':
fork.c:(.text+0x34): multiple definition of `get_fs_word'
sched.o:sched.c:(.text+0x149): first defined here
fork.o: In function `get_fs_long':
fork.c:(.text+0x3d): multiple definition of `get_fs_long'
sched.o:sched.c:(.text+0x152): first defined here
fork.o: In function `put_fs_byte':
fork.c:(.text+0x45): multiple definition of `put_fs_byte'
sched.o:sched.c:(.text+0x15a): first defined here
fork.o: In function `put_fs_word':
fork.c:(.text+0x51): multiple definition of `put_fs_word'
sched.o:sched.c:(.text+0x166): first defined here
fork.o: In function `put_fs_long':
fork.c:(.text+0x5e): multiple definition of `put_fs_long'
sched.o:sched.c:(.text+0x173): first defined here
fork.o: In function `get_fs':
fork.c:(.text+0x6a): multiple definition of `get_fs'
sched.o:sched.c:(.text+0x17f): first defined here
fork.o: In function `get_ds':
fork.c:(.text+0x71): multiple definition of `get_ds'
sched.o:sched.c:(.text+0x186): first defined here
fork.o: In function `set_fs':
fork.c:(.text+0x78): multiple definition of `set_fs'
sched.o:sched.c:(.text+0x18d): first defined here
panic.o: In function `oom':
panic.c:(.text+0x0): multiple definition of `oom'
sched.o:sched.c:(.text+0x115): first defined here
vsprintf.o: In function `strcpy':
vsprintf.c:(.text+0x265): multiple definition of `strcpy'
traps.o:traps.c:(.text+0x182): first defined here
vsprintf.o: In function `strncpy':
vsprintf.c:(.text+0x27b): multiple definition of `strncpy'
traps.o:traps.c:(.text+0x198): first defined here
vsprintf.o: In function `strcat':
vsprintf.c:(.text+0x29a): multiple definition of `strcat'
traps.o:traps.c:(.text+0x1b7): first defined here
vsprintf.o: In function `strncat':
vsprintf.c:(.text+0x2bd): multiple definition of `strncat'
traps.o:traps.c:(.text+0x1da): first defined here
vsprintf.o: In function `strcmp':
vsprintf.c:(.text+0x2ea): multiple definition of `strcmp'
traps.o:traps.c:(.text+0x207): first defined here
vsprintf.o: In function `strncmp':
vsprintf.c:(.text+0x30d): multiple definition of `strncmp'
traps.o:traps.c:(.text+0x22a): first defined here
vsprintf.o: In function `strchr':
vsprintf.c:(.text+0x337): multiple definition of `strchr'
traps.o:traps.c:(.text+0x254): first defined here
vsprintf.o: In function `strrchr':
vsprintf.c:(.text+0x356): multiple definition of `strrchr'
traps.o:traps.c:(.text+0x273): first defined here
vsprintf.o: In function `strspn':
vsprintf.c:(.text+0x377): multiple definition of `strspn'
traps.o:traps.c:(.text+0x294): first defined here
vsprintf.o: In function `strcspn':
vsprintf.c:(.text+0x3aa): multiple definition of `strcspn'
traps.o:traps.c:(.text+0x2c7): first defined here
vsprintf.o: In function `strpbrk':
vsprintf.c:(.text+0x3dd): multiple definition of `strpbrk'
traps.o:traps.c:(.text+0x2fa): first defined here
vsprintf.o: In function `strstr':
vsprintf.c:(.text+0x410): multiple definition of `strstr'
traps.o:traps.c:(.text+0x32d): first defined here
vsprintf.o: In function `strlen':
vsprintf.c:(.text+0x443): multiple definition of `strlen'
traps.o:traps.c:(.text+0x360): first defined here
vsprintf.o: In function `strtok':
vsprintf.c:(.text+0x45c): multiple definition of `strtok'
traps.o:traps.c:(.text+0x379): first defined here
vsprintf.o: In function `memcpy':
vsprintf.c:(.text+0x4e3): multiple definition of `memcpy'
traps.o:traps.c:(.text+0x400): first defined here
vsprintf.o: In function `memmove':
vsprintf.c:(.text+0x4f9): multiple definition of `memmove'
traps.o:traps.c:(.text+0x416): first defined here
vsprintf.o: In function `memcmp':
vsprintf.c:(.text+0x51f): multiple definition of `memcmp'
traps.o:traps.c:(.text+0x43c): first defined here
vsprintf.o: In function `memchr':
vsprintf.c:(.text+0x543): multiple definition of `memchr'
traps.o:traps.c:(.text+0x460): first defined here
vsprintf.o: In function `memset':
vsprintf.c:(.text+0x56a): multiple definition of `memset'
traps.o:traps.c:(.text+0x487): first defined here
sys.o: In function `oom':
sys.c:(.text+0x0): multiple definition of `oom'
sched.o:sched.c:(.text+0x115): first defined here
sys.o: In function `get_fs_byte':
sys.c:(.text+0x2c): multiple definition of `get_fs_byte'
sched.o:sched.c:(.text+0x141): first defined here
sys.o: In function `get_fs_word':
sys.c:(.text+0x34): multiple definition of `get_fs_word'
sched.o:sched.c:(.text+0x149): first defined here
sys.o: In function `get_fs_long':
sys.c:(.text+0x3d): multiple definition of `get_fs_long'
sched.o:sched.c:(.text+0x152): first defined here
sys.o: In function `put_fs_byte':
sys.c:(.text+0x45): multiple definition of `put_fs_byte'
sched.o:sched.c:(.text+0x15a): first defined here
sys.o: In function `put_fs_word':
sys.c:(.text+0x51): multiple definition of `put_fs_word'
sched.o:sched.c:(.text+0x166): first defined here
sys.o: In function `put_fs_long':
sys.c:(.text+0x5e): multiple definition of `put_fs_long'
sched.o:sched.c:(.text+0x173): first defined here
sys.o: In function `get_fs':
sys.c:(.text+0x6a): multiple definition of `get_fs'
sched.o:sched.c:(.text+0x17f): first defined here
sys.o: In function `get_ds':
sys.c:(.text+0x71): multiple definition of `get_ds'
sched.o:sched.c:(.text+0x186): first defined here
sys.o: In function `set_fs':
sys.c:(.text+0x78): multiple definition of `set_fs'
sched.o:sched.c:(.text+0x18d): first defined here
sys.o: In function `strcpy':
sys.c:(.text+0x7f): multiple definition of `strcpy'
traps.o:traps.c:(.text+0x182): first defined here
sys.o: In function `strncpy':
sys.c:(.text+0x95): multiple definition of `strncpy'
traps.o:traps.c:(.text+0x198): first defined here
sys.o: In function `strcat':
sys.c:(.text+0xb4): multiple definition of `strcat'
traps.o:traps.c:(.text+0x1b7): first defined here
sys.o: In function `strncat':
sys.c:(.text+0xd7): multiple definition of `strncat'
traps.o:traps.c:(.text+0x1da): first defined here
sys.o: In function `strcmp':
sys.c:(.text+0x104): multiple definition of `strcmp'
traps.o:traps.c:(.text+0x207): first defined here
sys.o: In function `strncmp':
sys.c:(.text+0x127): multiple definition of `strncmp'
traps.o:traps.c:(.text+0x22a): first defined here
sys.o: In function `strchr':
sys.c:(.text+0x151): multiple definition of `strchr'
traps.o:traps.c:(.text+0x254): first defined here
sys.o: In function `strrchr':
sys.c:(.text+0x170): multiple definition of `strrchr'
traps.o:traps.c:(.text+0x273): first defined here
sys.o: In function `strspn':
sys.c:(.text+0x191): multiple definition of `strspn'
traps.o:traps.c:(.text+0x294): first defined here
sys.o: In function `strcspn':
sys.c:(.text+0x1c4): multiple definition of `strcspn'
traps.o:traps.c:(.text+0x2c7): first defined here
sys.o: In function `strpbrk':
sys.c:(.text+0x1f7): multiple definition of `strpbrk'
traps.o:traps.c:(.text+0x2fa): first defined here
sys.o: In function `strstr':
sys.c:(.text+0x22a): multiple definition of `strstr'
traps.o:traps.c:(.text+0x32d): first defined here
sys.o: In function `strlen':
sys.c:(.text+0x25d): multiple definition of `strlen'
traps.o:traps.c:(.text+0x360): first defined here
sys.o: In function `strtok':
sys.c:(.text+0x276): multiple definition of `strtok'
traps.o:traps.c:(.text+0x379): first defined here
sys.o: In function `memcpy':
sys.c:(.text+0x2fd): multiple definition of `memcpy'
traps.o:traps.c:(.text+0x400): first defined here
sys.o: In function `memmove':
sys.c:(.text+0x313): multiple definition of `memmove'
traps.o:traps.c:(.text+0x416): first defined here
sys.o: In function `memcmp':
sys.c:(.text+0x339): multiple definition of `memcmp'
traps.o:traps.c:(.text+0x43c): first defined here
sys.o: In function `memchr':
sys.c:(.text+0x35d): multiple definition of `memchr'
traps.o:traps.c:(.text+0x460): first defined here
sys.o: In function `memset':
sys.c:(.text+0x384): multiple definition of `memset'
traps.o:traps.c:(.text+0x487): first defined here
exit.o: In function `get_fs_byte':
exit.c:(.text+0x44): multiple definition of `get_fs_byte'
sched.o:sched.c:(.text+0x141): first defined here
exit.o: In function `get_fs_word':
exit.c:(.text+0x4c): multiple definition of `get_fs_word'
sched.o:sched.c:(.text+0x149): first defined here
exit.o: In function `get_fs_long':
exit.c:(.text+0x55): multiple definition of `get_fs_long'
sched.o:sched.c:(.text+0x152): first defined here
exit.o: In function `put_fs_byte':
exit.c:(.text+0x5d): multiple definition of `put_fs_byte'
sched.o:sched.c:(.text+0x15a): first defined here
exit.o: In function `put_fs_word':
exit.c:(.text+0x69): multiple definition of `put_fs_word'
sched.o:sched.c:(.text+0x166): first defined here
exit.o: In function `put_fs_long':
exit.c:(.text+0x76): multiple definition of `put_fs_long'
sched.o:sched.c:(.text+0x173): first defined here
exit.o: In function `get_fs':
exit.c:(.text+0x82): multiple definition of `get_fs'
sched.o:sched.c:(.text+0x17f): first defined here
exit.o: In function `get_ds':
exit.c:(.text+0x89): multiple definition of `get_ds'
sched.o:sched.c:(.text+0x186): first defined here
exit.o: In function `set_fs':
exit.c:(.text+0x90): multiple definition of `set_fs'
sched.o:sched.c:(.text+0x18d): first defined here
exit.o: In function `oom':
exit.c:(.text+0xc6d): multiple definition of `oom'
sched.o:sched.c:(.text+0x115): first defined here
signal.o: In function `oom':
signal.c:(.text+0x0): multiple definition of `oom'
sched.o:sched.c:(.text+0x115): first defined here
signal.o: In function `get_fs_byte':
signal.c:(.text+0x2c): multiple definition of `get_fs_byte'
sched.o:sched.c:(.text+0x141): first defined here
signal.o: In function `get_fs_word':
signal.c:(.text+0x34): multiple definition of `get_fs_word'
sched.o:sched.c:(.text+0x149): first defined here
signal.o: In function `get_fs_long':
signal.c:(.text+0x3d): multiple definition of `get_fs_long'
sched.o:sched.c:(.text+0x152): first defined here
signal.o: In function `put_fs_byte':
signal.c:(.text+0x45): multiple definition of `put_fs_byte'
sched.o:sched.c:(.text+0x15a): first defined here
signal.o: In function `put_fs_word':
signal.c:(.text+0x51): multiple definition of `put_fs_word'
sched.o:sched.c:(.text+0x166): first defined here
signal.o: In function `put_fs_long':
signal.c:(.text+0x5e): multiple definition of `put_fs_long'
sched.o:sched.c:(.text+0x173): first defined here
signal.o: In function `get_fs':
signal.c:(.text+0x6a): multiple definition of `get_fs'
sched.o:sched.c:(.text+0x17f): first defined here
signal.o: In function `get_ds':
signal.c:(.text+0x71): multiple definition of `get_ds'
sched.o:sched.c:(.text+0x186): first defined here
signal.o: In function `set_fs':
signal.c:(.text+0x78): multiple definition of `set_fs'
sched.o:sched.c:(.text+0x18d): first defined here
ld: Relocatable linking with relocations from format elf32-i386 (sched.o) to format elf64-x86-64 (kernel.o) is not supported
Makefile:32: recipe for target 'kernel.o' failed
make[1]: *** [kernel.o] Error 1
make[1]: Leaving directory '/home/chenhao/chenhao/linux0.12/linux-0.12/kernel'
Makefile:75: recipe for target 'kernel/kernel.o' failed
make: *** [kernel/kernel.o] Error 2
函數重定義錯誤,全局搜索對應錯誤函數，
extern 改爲 static
gcc -Wall -O -fstrength-reduce -fomit-frame-pointer -nostdinc -I../include -m32 \
-c -o signal.o signal.c
ld -r -o kernel.o sched.o sys_call.o traps.o asm.o fork.o panic.o printk.o vsprintf.o sys.o exit.o signal.o mktime.o
ld: Relocatable linking with relocations from format elf32-i386 (sched.o) to format elf64-x86-64 (kernel.o) is not supported
Makefile:32: recipe for target 'kernel.o' failed
make[1]: *** [kernel.o] Error 1
make[1]: Leaving directory '/home/chenhao/chenhao/linux0.12/linux-0.12/kernel'
Makefile:75: recipe for target 'kernel/kernel.o' failed
make: *** [kernel/kernel.o] Error 2
- 鏈接錯誤
ld -r -o kernel.o sched.o system_call.o traps.o asm.o fork.o panic.o printk.o vsprintf.o sys.o exit.o signal.o mktime.o
ld: Relocatable linking with relocations from format elf32-i386 (sched.o) to format elf64-x86-64 (kernel.o) is not supported
make[1]: *** [kernel.o] Error 1
解決辦法，kernel目錄下，在x86-64上鍊接出x86 文件，添加 -m elf_i386 選項
ld -m elf_i386 -r -o kernel.o sched.o system_call.o traps.o asm.o fork.o panic.o printk.o vsprintf.o sys.o exit.o signal.o mktime.o
file_dev.c:46:1: error: unsupported size for integer register
}
^
Makefile:13: recipe for target 'file_dev.o' failed
make[1]: *** [file_dev.o] Error 1
make[1]: Leaving directory '/home/chenhao/chenhao/linux0.12/linux-0.12/fs'
Makefile:81: recipe for target 'fs/fs.o' failed
make: *** [fs/fs.o] Error
原因未知，暫時屏蔽掉這個函數的內容。put_BCD；get_BCD；tty_write
exec.c:162:44: error: lvalue required as left operand of assignment
!(pag = (char *) page[p/PAGE_SIZE] =
^
exec.c: In function ‘do_execve’:
exec.c:264:7: warning: suggest parentheses around assignment used as truth value [-Wparentheses]
if (cp = strchr(buf, '\n')) {
^~
In file included from exec.c:22:0:
exec.c: At top level:
../include/string.h:13:15: warning: ‘strerror’ declared ‘static’ but never defined [-Wunused-function]
static char * strerror(int errno);
^~~~~~~~
Makefile:13: recipe for target 'exec.o' failed
make[1]: *** [exec.o] Error 1
make[1]: Leaving directory '/home/chenhao/chenhao/linux0.12/linux-0.12/fs'
Makefile:81: recipe for target 'fs/fs.o' failed
make: *** [fs/fs.o] Error 2
代碼有問題，
if (!(pag = (char *) page[p/PAGE_SIZE]) &&
!(pag = (char *) page[p/PAGE_SIZE] =
(unsigned long *) get_free_page()))
更改如下
if (!pag && !(pag = (unsigned long *) get_free_page()))
gcc -Wall -O -fstrength-reduce -fomit-frame-pointer -nostdinc -I../include -m32 \
-c -o malloc.o malloc.c
malloc.c: In function ‘malloc’:
malloc.c:156:46: error: lvalue required as left operand of assignment
bdesc->page = bdesc->freeptr = (void *) cp = get_free_page();
^
Makefile:24: recipe for target 'malloc.o' failed
make[1]: *** [malloc.o] Error 1
make[1]: Leaving directory '/home/chenhao/chenhao/linux0.12/linux-0.12/lib'
Makefile:84: recipe for target 'lib/lib.a' failed
make: *** [lib/lib.a] Error 2
代碼錯誤，
bdesc->page = bdesc->freeptr = (void *) cp = get_free_page();
更改成
156 cp = get_free_page();
157 bdesc->freeptr = cp;
158 bdesc->page = bdesc->freeptr;
chenhao@chenhao-VirtualBox:~/chenhao/linux0.12/linux-0.12$ make
(cd lib; make)
make[1]: Entering directory '/home/chenhao/chenhao/linux0.12/linux-0.12/lib'
gcc -Wall -O -fstrength-reduce -fomit-frame-pointer -nostdinc -I../include -m32 \
-c -o malloc.o malloc.c
malloc.c: In function ‘malloc’:
malloc.c:156:6: warning: assignment makes pointer from integer without a cast [-Wint-conversion]
cp = get_free_page();
^
malloc.c: In function ‘free_s’:
malloc.c:215:21: warning: ‘prev’ may be used uninitialized in this function [-Wmaybe-uninitialized]
if ((prev && (prev->next != bdesc)) ||
~~~~^~~~~~
ar rcs lib.a ctype.o _exit.o open.o close.o errno.o write.o dup.o setsid.o execve.o wait.o string.o malloc.o
sync
make[1]: Leaving directory '/home/chenhao/chenhao/linux0.12/linux-0.12/lib'
ld -s -x -M boot/head.o init/main.o \
kernel/kernel.o mm/mm.o fs/fs.o \
kernel/blk_drv/blk_drv.a kernel/chr_drv/chr_drv.a \
kernel/math/math.a \
lib/lib.a \
-o tools/system > System.map
kernel/blk_drv/blk_drv.a(hd.o): In function `unlock_buffer':
hd.c:(.text+0x93f): multiple definition of `unlock_buffer'
kernel/blk_drv/blk_drv.a(floppy.o):floppy.c:(.text+0x757): first defined here
kernel/blk_drv/blk_drv.a(hd.o): In function `end_request':
hd.c:(.text+0x96b): multiple definition of `end_request'
kernel/blk_drv/blk_drv.a(floppy.o):floppy.c:(.text+0x783): first defined here
kernel/blk_drv/blk_drv.a(ramdisk.o): In function `unlock_buffer':
ramdisk.c:(.text+0x2a9): multiple definition of `unlock_buffer'
kernel/blk_drv/blk_drv.a(floppy.o):floppy.c:(.text+0x757): first defined here
kernel/blk_drv/blk_drv.a(ramdisk.o): In function `end_request':
ramdisk.c:(.text+0x2d5): multiple definition of `end_request'
kernel/blk_drv/blk_drv.a(floppy.o):floppy.c:(.text+0x783): first defined here
ld: i386 architecture of input file `boot/head.o' is incompatible with i386:x86-64 output
ld: i386 architecture of input file `init/main.o' is incompatible with i386:x86-64 output
ld: i386 architecture of input file `kernel/kernel.o' is incompatible with i386:x86-64 output
ld: i386 architecture of input file `mm/mm.o' is incompatible with i386:x86-64 output
ld: i386 architecture of input file `fs/fs.o' is incompatible with i386:x86-64 output
ld: i386 architecture of input file `kernel/chr_drv/chr_drv.a(console.o)' is incompatible with i386:x86-64 output
ld: i386 architecture of input file `kernel/chr_drv/chr_drv.a(serial.o)' is incompatible with i386:x86-64 output
ld: i386 architecture of input file `kernel/chr_drv/chr_drv.a(tty_ioctl.o)' is incompatible with i386:x86-64 output
ld: i386 architecture of input file `kernel/chr_drv/chr_drv.a(pty.o)' is incompatible with i386:x86-64 output
ld: i386 architecture of input file `lib/lib.a(ctype.o)' is incompatible with i386:x86-64 output
ld: i386 architecture of input file `lib/lib.a(_exit.o)' is incompatible with i386:x86-64 output
ld: i386 architecture of input file `lib/lib.a(open.o)' is incompatible with i386:x86-64 output
ld: i386 architecture of input file `lib/lib.a(close.o)' is incompatible with i386:x86-64 output
ld: i386 architecture of input file `lib/lib.a(errno.o)' is incompatible with i386:x86-64 output
ld: i386 architecture of input file `lib/lib.a(write.o)' is incompatible with i386:x86-64 output
ld: i386 architecture of input file `lib/lib.a(dup.o)' is incompatible with i386:x86-64 output
ld: i386 architecture of input file `lib/lib.a(setsid.o)' is incompatible with i386:x86-64 output
ld: i386 architecture of input file `lib/lib.a(execve.o)' is incompatible with i386:x86-64 output
ld: i386 architecture of input file `lib/lib.a(wait.o)' is incompatible with i386:x86-64 output
ld: warning: cannot find entry symbol _start; defaulting to 0000000000400120
boot/head.o: In function `startup_32':
(.text+0x10): undefined reference to `_stack_start'
(.text+0x2e): undefined reference to `_stack_start'
boot/head.o: In function `after_page_tables':
(.text+0x540c): undefined reference to `_main'
boot/head.o: In function `ignore_int':
(.text+0x5440): undefined reference to `_printk'
init/main.o: In function `init':
main.c:(.text+0x252): undefined reference to `puts'
kernel/kernel.o: In function `schedule':
(.text+0x3f3): undefined reference to `_current'
(.text+0x400): undefined reference to `_current'
(.text+0x40a): undefined reference to `_last_task_used_math'
(.text+0x428): undefined reference to `__stack_chk_fail_local'
kernel/kernel.o: In function `sched_init':
(.text+0x9d3): undefined reference to `gdt'
(.text+0xa98): undefined reference to `idt'
(.text+0xaa3): undefined reference to `timer_interrupt'
(.text+0xace): undefined reference to `system_call'
kernel/kernel.o: In function `reschedule':
sys_call.o:(.text+0xaf4): undefined reference to `_schedule'
kernel/kernel.o: In function `_system_call':
(.text+0xb12): undefined reference to `_NR_syscalls'
(.text+0xb1b): undefined reference to `_sys_call_table'
(.text+0xb21): undefined reference to `_current'
kernel/kernel.o: In function `ret_from_sys_call':
sys_call.o:(.text+0xb31): undefined reference to `_current'
sys_call.o:(.text+0xb37): undefined reference to `_task'
sys_call.o:(.text+0xb68): undefined reference to `_do_signal'
kernel/kernel.o: In function `_coprocessor_error':
(.text+0xb9e): undefined reference to `_math_error'
kernel/kernel.o: In function `_device_not_available':
(.text+0xbcd): undefined reference to `_math_state_restore'
(.text+0xbd7): undefined reference to `_math_emulate'
kernel/kernel.o: In function `_timer_interrupt':
(.text+0xbfe): undefined reference to `_jiffies'
(.text+0xc0f): undefined reference to `_do_timer'
kernel/kernel.o: In function `_sys_execve':
(.text+0xc22): undefined reference to `_do_execve'
kernel/kernel.o: In function `_sys_fork':
(.text+0xc2b): undefined reference to `_find_empty_process'
(.text+0xc3a): undefined reference to `_copy_process'
kernel/kernel.o: In function `_hd_interrupt':
(.text+0xc65): undefined reference to `_hd_timeout'
(.text+0xc6b): undefined reference to `_do_hd'
(.text+0xc74): undefined reference to `_unexpected_hd_interrupt'
kernel/kernel.o: In function `_floppy_interrupt':
(.text+0xca3): undefined reference to `_do_floppy'
(.text+0xcac): undefined reference to `_unexpected_floppy_interrupt'
kernel/kernel.o: In function `trap_init':
(.text+0x113a): undefined reference to `idt'
(.text+0x1145): undefined reference to `divide_error'
(.text+0x1157): undefined reference to `debug'
(.text+0x116a): undefined reference to `nmi'
(.text+0x117d): undefined reference to `int3'
(.text+0x1190): undefined reference to `overflow'
(.text+0x11a3): undefined reference to `bounds'
(.text+0x11b6): undefined reference to `invalid_op'
(.text+0x11c9): undefined reference to `device_not_available'
(.text+0x11dc): undefined reference to `double_fault'
(.text+0x11ef): undefined reference to `coprocessor_segment_overrun'
(.text+0x1202): undefined reference to `invalid_TSS'
(.text+0x1215): undefined reference to `segment_not_present'
(.text+0x1228): undefined reference to `stack_segment'
(.text+0x123b): undefined reference to `general_protection'
(.text+0x124e): undefined reference to `page_fault'
(.text+0x1261): undefined reference to `reserved'
(.text+0x1274): undefined reference to `coprocessor_error'
(.text+0x128d): undefined reference to `alignment_check'
(.text+0x12b2): undefined reference to `reserved'
(.text+0x12cb): undefined reference to `idt'
(.text+0x12d6): undefined reference to `irq13'
(.text+0x1315): undefined reference to `parallel_interrupt'
kernel/kernel.o: In function `_divide_error':
(.text+0x1332): undefined reference to `_do_divide_error'
kernel/kernel.o: In function `_debug':
(.text+0x1367): undefined reference to `_do_int3'
kernel/kernel.o: In function `_nmi':
(.text+0x136e): undefined reference to `_do_nmi'
kernel/kernel.o: In function `_int3':
(.text+0x1375): undefined reference to `_do_int3'
kernel/kernel.o: In function `_overflow':
(.text+0x137c): undefined reference to `_do_overflow'
kernel/kernel.o: In function `_bounds':
(.text+0x1383): undefined reference to `_do_bounds'
kernel/kernel.o: In function `_invalid_op':
(.text+0x138a): undefined reference to `_do_invalid_op'
kernel/kernel.o: In function `_coprocessor_segment_overrun':
(.text+0x1391): undefined reference to `_do_coprocessor_segment_overrun'
kernel/kernel.o: In function `_reserved':
(.text+0x1398): undefined reference to `_do_reserved'
kernel/kernel.o: In function `_double_fault':
(.text+0x13b4): undefined reference to `_do_double_fault'
kernel/kernel.o: In function `_invalid_TSS':
(.text+0x13eb): undefined reference to `_do_invalid_TSS'
kernel/kernel.o: In function `_segment_not_present':
(.text+0x13f2): undefined reference to `_do_segment_not_present'
kernel/kernel.o: In function `_stack_segment':
(.text+0x13f9): undefined reference to `_do_stack_segment'
kernel/kernel.o: In function `_general_protection':
(.text+0x1400): undefined reference to `_do_general_protection'
kernel/kernel.o: In function `_alignment_check':
(.text+0x1407): undefined reference to `_do_alignment_check'
kernel/kernel.o: In function `copy_process':
(.text+0x17d8): undefined reference to `gdt'
kernel/kernel.o: In function `number':
vsprintf.c:(.text+0x1beb): undefined reference to `__stack_chk_fail_local'
kernel/kernel.o: In function `sys_getrusage':
(.text+0x29b6): undefined reference to `__stack_chk_fail_local'
kernel/kernel.o: In function `sys_sigaction':
(.text+0x3b79): undefined reference to `__stack_chk_fail_local'
mm/mm.o: In function `do_no_page':
(.text+0xa0b): undefined reference to `__stack_chk_fail_local'
mm/mm.o: In function `show_mem':
(.text+0xb0c): undefined reference to `pg_dir'
mm/mm.o: In function `swap_out':
(.text+0xda7): undefined reference to `pg_dir'
(.text+0xdbf): undefined reference to `pg_dir'
(.text+0xdf5): undefined reference to `pg_dir'
mm/mm.o: In function `_page_fault':
(.text+0x1231): undefined reference to `_do_no_page'
(.text+0x1238): undefined reference to `_do_wp_page'
fs/fs.o: In function `sys_open':
(.text+0x5a6): undefined reference to `__stack_chk_fail_local'
fs/fs.o: In function `bread_page':
(.text+0x1c87): undefined reference to `__stack_chk_fail_local'
fs/fs.o: In function `cp_stat':
stat.c:(.text+0x2cc6): undefined reference to `__stack_chk_fail_local'
fs/fs.o: In function `do_execve':
(.text+0x3a49): undefined reference to `__stack_chk_fail_local'
fs/fs.o: In function `sys_pipe':
(.text+0x3e50): undefined reference to `__stack_chk_fail_local'
fs/fs.o:namei.c:(.text+0x42f4): more undefined references to `__stack_chk_fail_local' follow
kernel/blk_drv/blk_drv.a(floppy.o): In function `setup_DMA':
floppy.c:(.text+0x18): undefined reference to `tmp_floppy_area'
kernel/blk_drv/blk_drv.a(floppy.o): In function `rw_interrupt':
floppy.c:(.text+0xccd): undefined reference to `tmp_floppy_area'
kernel/blk_drv/blk_drv.a(floppy.o): In function `floppy_init':
floppy.c:(.text+0xdc8): undefined reference to `floppy_interrupt'
floppy.c:(.text+0xdda): undefined reference to `idt'
floppy.c:(.text+0xde0): undefined reference to `idt'
kernel/blk_drv/blk_drv.a(hd.o): In function `hd_init':
hd.c:(.text+0xe97): undefined reference to `hd_interrupt'
hd.c:(.text+0xea9): undefined reference to `idt'
hd.c:(.text+0xeaf): undefined reference to `idt'
kernel/chr_drv/chr_drv.a(console.o): In function `scrup':
console.c:(.text+0x8f): undefined reference to `_video_num_columns'
console.c:(.text+0xf2): undefined reference to `_video_num_columns'
console.c:(.text+0x174): undefined reference to `_video_num_columns'
kernel/chr_drv/chr_drv.a(console.o): In function `scrdown':
console.c:(.text+0x2b0): undefined reference to `_video_num_columns'
console.c:(.text+0x310): undefined reference to `_video_num_columns'
kernel/chr_drv/chr_drv.a(console.o): In function `con_init':
console.c:(.text+0x1c1e): undefined reference to `idt'
console.c:(.text+0x1c24): undefined reference to `keyboard_interrupt'
kernel/chr_drv/chr_drv.a(serial.o): In function `rs_init':
serial.c:(.text+0x67): undefined reference to `idt'
serial.c:(.text+0x6d): undefined reference to `rs1_interrupt'
serial.c:(.text+0x8b): undefined reference to `rs2_interrupt'
kernel/chr_drv/chr_drv.a(tty_ioctl.o): In function `.L43':
tty_ioctl.c:(.text+0x512): undefined reference to `__stack_chk_fail_local'
kernel/kernel.o:(.data.rel+0x3ec): undefined reference to `pg_dir'
kernel/kernel.o:(.data.rel+0x1028): undefined reference to `sys_fork'
kernel/kernel.o:(.data.rel+0x104c): undefined reference to `sys_execve'
Makefile:58: recipe for target 'tools/system' failed
make: *** [tools/system] Error 1
kernel/chr_drv/chr_drv.a(tty_ioctl.o): In function `.L43':
tty_ioctl.c:(.text+0x512): undefined reference to `__stack_chk_fail_local'
kernel/math/math.a(math_emulate.o): In function `.L117':
math_emulate.c:(.text+0x1758): undefined reference to `__stack_chk_fail_local'
kernel/math/math.a(get_put.o): In function `get_short_real':
get_put.c:(.text+0x5b): undefined reference to `__stack_chk_fail_local'
kernel/math/math.a(get_put.o): In function `get_long_real':
get_put.c:(.text+0xc2): undefined reference to `__stack_chk_fail_local'
kernel/math/math.a(get_put.o): In function `get_short_int':
get_put.c:(.text+0x17f): undefined reference to `__stack_chk_fail_local'
kernel/math/math.a(get_put.o):get_put.c:(.text+0x1fc): more undefined references to `__stack_chk_fail_local' follow
Makefile:58: recipe for target 'tools/system' failed
make: *** [tools/system] Error 1
新版gcc缺少堆棧保護選項，在所有的CFLAGS後面加上-fno-stack-protector選項。
-o tools/system > System.map
ld: warning: cannot find entry symbol _start; defaulting to 00000000080480b8
init/main.o: In function `init':
main.c:(.text+0x246): undefined reference to `puts'
Makefile:58: recipe for target 'tools/system' failed
make: *** [tools/system] Error 1
1.在主目錄下的Makefile的ld後面，添加-e startup_32 -Ttext 0選項。
2.main.c中的printf改個名稱。
gcc -Wall -O -fstrength-reduce -fomit-frame-pointer -m32 -fno-stack-protector \
-o tools/build tools/build.c
In file included from tools/build.c:25:0:
/usr/include/stdio.h:27:10: fatal error: bits/libc-header-start.h: No such file or directory
#include <bits/libc-header-start.h>
^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
compilation terminated.
Makefile:51: recipe for target 'tools/build' failed
make: *** [tools/build] Error 1
安裝gcc庫：sudo apt-get install gcc-multilib
/tmp/ccYoJ062.o: In function `main':
build.c:(.text+0xed): undefined reference to `MAJOR'
build.c:(.text+0x107): undefined reference to `MINOR'
build.c:(.text+0x1a5): undefined reference to `MAJOR'
build.c:(.text+0x1bf): undefined reference to `MINOR'
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
Makefile:51: recipe for target 'tools/build' failed
make: *** [tools/build] Error 1
build.c中包含的是標準庫的頭文件 /usr/include/linux/fs.h ，但是這個頭文件裏並沒有實現MAJOR和MINOR宏。解決方法很簡單，從include/linux/fs.h中把這兩個宏複製到build.c中即可.
gcc -Wall -O -fstrength-reduce -fomit-frame-pointer -m32 -fno-stack-protector \
-o tools/build tools/build.c
tools/build boot/bootsect boot/setup tools/system /dev/hd6 \
/dev/hd2 > Image
/dev/hd6: No such file or directory
Couldn't stat root device.
Makefile:43: recipe for target 'Image' failed
make: *** [Image] Error 1
這是因爲在源代碼頂層目錄的Makefile中所指定的根設備爲/dev/hd6（代表第二個硬盤的第一個分區）, 而本機上並不存在這個設備所致。Linus當年之所以指定根設備爲/dev/hd6, 是因爲他把Linux 0.11安裝在了機子的第二塊硬盤上。我們這裏打算通過在bochs中模擬軟盤來啓動編譯好的系統，故在頂層目錄Makefile中設定根設備爲軟盤：
ROOT_DEV=FLOPPY
SWAP_DEV=
objcopy -O binary -R .note -R .comment tools/system tools/kernel
tools/build boot/bootsect boot/setup tools/kernel FLOPPY > Image
Root device is (0, 0)
Swap device is (0, 0)
Boot sector 512 bytes.
Setup is 1372 bytes.
Non-GCC header of 'system'
Makefile:49: recipe for target 'Image' failed
make: *** [Image] Error 1
將 tools/build.c 文件中的
if (((long *) buf)[5] != 0)
die("Non-GCC header of 'system'");
這段代碼註釋掉
//if (((long *) buf)[5] != 0)
// die("Non-GCC header of 'system'");
OUTPUT(tools/system elf32-i386)
nm tools/system | grep -v '\(compiled\)\|\(\.o$\)\|\( [aU] \)\|\(\.\.ng$\)\|\(LASH[RL]DI\)'| sort > System.map
nm: tools/system: no symbols
gcc -Wall -O -fstrength-reduce -fomit-frame-pointer -m32 -fno-stack-protector \
-o tools/build tools/build.c
objcopy -O binary -R .note -R .comment tools/system tools/kernel
tools/build boot/bootsect boot/setup tools/kernel FLOPPY > Image
Root device is (0, 0)
Swap device is (0, 0)
Boot sector 512 bytes.
Setup is 1372 bytes.
System is 156161 bytes.
rm tools/kernel -f
sync
編譯成功