我們公司的架構大致如下:
途中會使用canal監聽MySQL的binlog日誌從而實現mysql的數據實時同步到redis和hdfs中。
第一步:開啓MySQL的binlog日誌
Mysql 的 binlog 日誌作用是用來記錄 mysql 內部增刪等對 mysql 數據庫有更新的內容的 記錄(對數據庫的改動),對數據庫的查詢 select 或 show 等不會被 binlog 日誌記錄;主要用於數據庫的主從複製以及增量恢復。
mysql的binlog日誌必須打開log-bin功能才能生成binlog日誌
mysql-bin.000001
mysql-bin.000002
mysql-bin.000003
(1)修改/etc/my.cnf,在裏面添加如下內容
log-bin=/var/lib/mysql/mysql-bin 【binlog 日誌存放路徑】
binlog-format=ROW 【日誌中會記錄成每⼀一⾏行行數據被修改的形式】
server_id=1 【指定當前機器的服務 ID(如果是集羣,不能重複)】
(2)配置完畢之後,登陸MySQL,輸入如下命令:
show variables like '%log_bin%';
(3)配置目標mysql上的canal用戶
mysql -uroot -p
CREATE USER canal IDENTIFIED BY 'canal';
GRANT SELECT, REPLICATION SLAVE, REPLICATION CLIENT ON *.* TO 'canal'@'%';
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
(4)重啓目標mysql服務
第二步:安裝canal
canal的工作原理:
- canal模擬mysql slave的交互協議,僞裝自己爲mysql slave,向mysql master發送dump協議
- mysql master收到dump請求,開始推送binary log給slave(也就是canal)
- canal解析binary log對象(原始爲byte流)
使用canal解析binlog日誌,數據落地到Kafka
(1)下載安裝包
https://github.com/alibaba/canal/releases
sudo /data/software/canal-1.1.3
cd /data/software/canal-1.1.3
sudo wget https://github.com/alibaba/canal/releases/download/canal-1.1.3/canal.deployer-1.1.3.tar.gz
(2)解壓安裝包
sudo tar -zxvf canal.deployer-1.1.3.tar.gz
解壓完成之後給canal-1.1.3文件夾賦予777權限
sudo chmod -R 777 canal-1.1.3
(3)修改配置文件
sudo vim conf/example/instance.properties
因爲我這邊需要監聽不同服務器上的mysql的binlog日誌,所以我這邊使用了兩個canal來落地到同一個topic中
node001:
#################################################
## mysql serverId , v1.0.26+ will autoGen
canal.instance.mysql.slaveId=2345(此處不能和mysql的server_id重複)
# enable gtid use true/false
canal.instance.gtidon=false
# position info
canal.instance.master.address=mysql的地址:3306
canal.instance.master.journal.name=
canal.instance.master.position=
canal.instance.master.timestamp=
canal.instance.master.gtid=
# rds oss binlog
canal.instance.rds.accesskey=
canal.instance.rds.secretkey=
canal.instance.rds.instanceId=
# table meta tsdb info
canal.instance.tsdb.enable=true
#canal.instance.standby.address =
#canal.instance.standby.journal.name =
#canal.instance.standby.position =
#canal.instance.standby.timestamp =
#canal.instance.standby.gtid=
# username/password
canal.instance.dbUsername=數據庫用戶名
canal.instance.dbPassword=數據庫密碼
canal.instance.defaultDatabaseName=數據庫名
canal.instance.connectionCharset = UTF-8
# enable druid Decrypt database password
canal.instance.enableDruid=false
#canal.instance.pwdPublicKey=MFwwDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEBBQADSwAwSAJBALK4BUxdDltRRE5/zXpVEVPUgunvscYFtEip3pmLlhrWpacX7y7GCMo2/JM6LeHmiiNdH1FWgGCpUfircSwlWKUCAwEAAQ==
# table regex
canal.instance.filter.regex=.*\\..*
# table black regex
#canal.instance.filter.black.regex=
canal.instance.filter.black.regex = xxl-job\\..*,guaranteeslip\\..*
# mq config
canal.mq.topic=canal_topic
# dynamic topic route by schema or table regex
#canal.mq.dynamicTopic=mytest1.user,mytest2\\..*,.*\\..*
canal.mq.partition=0
# hash partition config
#canal.mq.partitionsNum=3
#canal.mq.partitionHash=test.table:id^name,.*\\..*
#################################################
node002:
#################################################
## mysql serverId , v1.0.26+ will autoGen
canal.instance.mysql.slaveId=3456(此處不能和MySQL的server_id相同)
# enable gtid use true/false
canal.instance.gtidon=false
# position info
canal.instance.master.address=數據庫地址:3306
canal.instance.master.journal.name=
canal.instance.master.position=
canal.instance.master.timestamp=
canal.instance.master.gtid=
# rds oss binlog
canal.instance.rds.accesskey=
canal.instance.rds.secretkey=
canal.instance.rds.instanceId=
# table meta tsdb info
canal.instance.tsdb.enable=true
#canal.instance.standby.address =
#canal.instance.standby.journal.name =
#canal.instance.standby.position =
#canal.instance.standby.timestamp =
#canal.instance.standby.gtid=
# username/password
canal.instance.dbUsername=數據庫用戶名
canal.instance.dbPassword=數據庫密碼
canal.instance.defaultDatabaseName=數據庫名
canal.instance.connectionCharset = UTF-8
# enable druid Decrypt database password
canal.instance.enableDruid=false
#canal.instance.pwdPublicKey=MFwwDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEBBQADSwAwSAJBALK4BUxdDltRRE5/zXpVEVPUgunvscYFtEip3pmLlhrWpacX7y7GCMo2/JM6LeHmiiNdH1FWgGCpUfircSwlWKUCAwEAAQ==
# table regex
canal.instance.filter.regex=.*\\..*
# table black regex
#canal.instance.filter.black.regex=
canal.instance.filter.black.regex = xxl-job\\..*,guaranteeslip\\..*
# mq config
canal.mq.topic=canal_topic
# dynamic topic route by schema or table regex
#canal.mq.dynamicTopic=mytest1.user,mytest2\\..*,.*\\..*
canal.mq.partition=0
# hash partition config
#canal.mq.partitionsNum=3
#canal.mq.partitionHash=test.table:id^name,.*\\..*
#################################################
sudo vim conf/canal.properties
node001:
#################################################
######### common argument #############
#################################################
#canal.manager.jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/canal_manager?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8
#canal.manager.jdbc.username=root
#canal.manager.jdbc.password=121212
canal.id=2346
canal.ip=canal所在服務器的ip
canal.port=11111
canal.metrics.pull.port=11112
canal.zkServers=(我這邊使用了兩個canal,填寫zookeeper會出現問題)
# flush data to zk
canal.zookeeper.flush.period = 1000
canal.withoutNetty = false
# tcp, kafka, RocketMQ
canal.serverMode = kafka(這邊選擇的落地到kafka)
# flush meta cursor/parse position to file
canal.file.data.dir = ${canal.conf.dir}
canal.file.flush.period = 1000
## memory store RingBuffer size, should be Math.pow(2,n)
canal.instance.memory.buffer.size = 16384
## memory store RingBuffer used memory unit size , default 1kb
canal.instance.memory.buffer.memunit = 1024
## meory store gets mode used MEMSIZE or ITEMSIZE
canal.instance.memory.batch.mode = MEMSIZE
canal.instance.memory.rawEntry = true
## detecing config
canal.instance.detecting.enable = false
#canal.instance.detecting.sql = insert into retl.xdual values(1,now()) on duplicate key update x=now()
canal.instance.detecting.sql = select 1
canal.instance.detecting.interval.time = 3
canal.instance.detecting.retry.threshold = 3
canal.instance.detecting.heartbeatHaEnable = false
# support maximum transaction size, more than the size of the transaction will be cut into multiple transactions delivery
canal.instance.transaction.size = 1024
# mysql fallback connected to new master should fallback times
canal.instance.fallbackIntervalInSeconds = 60
# network config
canal.instance.network.receiveBufferSize = 16384
canal.instance.network.sendBufferSize = 16384
canal.instance.network.soTimeout = 30
# binlog filter config
canal.instance.filter.druid.ddl = true
canal.instance.filter.query.dcl = false
canal.instance.filter.query.dml = false
canal.instance.filter.query.ddl = false
canal.instance.filter.table.error = false
canal.instance.filter.rows = false
canal.instance.filter.transaction.entry = false
canal.instance.filter.black.regex = xxl-job\\..*,guaranteeslip\\..*
# binlog format/image check
canal.instance.binlog.format = ROW,STATEMENT,MIXED
canal.instance.binlog.image = FULL,MINIMAL,NOBLOB
# binlog ddl isolation
canal.instance.get.ddl.isolation = false
# parallel parser config
canal.instance.parser.parallel = true
## concurrent thread number, default 60% available processors, suggest not to exceed Runtime.getRuntime().availableProcessors()
#canal.instance.parser.parallelThreadSize = 16
## disruptor ringbuffer size, must be power of 2
canal.instance.parser.parallelBufferSize = 256
# table meta tsdb info
canal.instance.tsdb.enable = true
canal.instance.tsdb.dir = ${canal.file.data.dir:../conf}/${canal.instance.destination:}
canal.instance.tsdb.url = jdbc:h2:${canal.instance.tsdb.dir}/h2;CACHE_SIZE=1000;MODE=MYSQL;
canal.instance.tsdb.dbUsername = canal
canal.instance.tsdb.dbPassword = canal
# dump snapshot interval, default 24 hour
canal.instance.tsdb.snapshot.interval = 24
# purge snapshot expire , default 360 hour(15 days)
canal.instance.tsdb.snapshot.expire = 360
# aliyun ak/sk , support rds/mq
canal.aliyun.accessKey =
canal.aliyun.secretKey =
#################################################
######### destinations #############
#################################################
canal.destinations = example
# conf root dir
canal.conf.dir = ../conf
# auto scan instance dir add/remove and start/stop instance
canal.auto.scan = true
canal.auto.scan.interval = 5
canal.instance.tsdb.spring.xml = classpath:spring/tsdb/h2-tsdb.xml
#canal.instance.tsdb.spring.xml = classpath:spring/tsdb/mysql-tsdb.xml
canal.instance.global.mode = spring
canal.instance.global.lazy = false
#canal.instance.global.manager.address = 127.0.0.1:1099
#canal.instance.global.spring.xml = classpath:spring/memory-instance.xml
canal.instance.global.spring.xml = classpath:spring/file-instance.xml
#canal.instance.global.spring.xml = classpath:spring/default-instance.xml
##################################################
######### MQ #############
##################################################
canal.mq.servers = kafka的集羣地址
canal.mq.retries = 0
canal.mq.batchSize = 16384
canal.mq.maxRequestSize = 1048576
canal.mq.lingerMs = 100
canal.mq.bufferMemory = 33554432
canal.mq.canalBatchSize = 50
canal.mq.canalGetTimeout = 100
canal.mq.flatMessage = true
canal.mq.compressionType = none
canal.mq.acks = all
# use transaction for kafka flatMessage batch produce
canal.mq.transaction = false
#canal.mq.properties. =
node002:
#################################################
######### common argument #############
#################################################
#canal.manager.jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/canal_manager?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8
#canal.manager.jdbc.username=root
#canal.manager.jdbc.password=121212
canal.id=3457
canal.ip=192.168.100.6
canal.port=11111
canal.metrics.pull.port=11112
canal.zkServers=
# flush data to zk
canal.zookeeper.flush.period = 1000
canal.withoutNetty = false
# tcp, kafka, RocketMQ
canal.serverMode = kafka
# flush meta cursor/parse position to file
canal.file.data.dir = ${canal.conf.dir}
canal.file.flush.period = 1000
## memory store RingBuffer size, should be Math.pow(2,n)
canal.instance.memory.buffer.size = 16384
## memory store RingBuffer used memory unit size , default 1kb
canal.instance.memory.buffer.memunit = 1024
## meory store gets mode used MEMSIZE or ITEMSIZE
canal.instance.memory.batch.mode = MEMSIZE
canal.instance.memory.rawEntry = true
## detecing config
canal.instance.detecting.enable = false
#canal.instance.detecting.sql = insert into retl.xdual values(1,now()) on duplicate key update x=now()
canal.instance.detecting.sql = select 1
canal.instance.detecting.interval.time = 3
canal.instance.detecting.retry.threshold = 3
canal.instance.detecting.heartbeatHaEnable = false
# support maximum transaction size, more than the size of the transaction will be cut into multiple transactions delivery
canal.instance.transaction.size = 1024
# mysql fallback connected to new master should fallback times
canal.instance.fallbackIntervalInSeconds = 60
# network config
canal.instance.network.receiveBufferSize = 16384
canal.instance.network.sendBufferSize = 16384
canal.instance.network.soTimeout = 30
# binlog filter config
canal.instance.filter.druid.ddl = true
canal.instance.filter.query.dcl = false
canal.instance.filter.query.dml = false
canal.instance.filter.query.ddl = false
canal.instance.filter.table.error = false
canal.instance.filter.rows = false
canal.instance.filter.transaction.entry = false
canal.instance.filter.black.regex = xxl-job\\..*,guaranteeslip\\..*
# binlog format/image check
canal.instance.binlog.format = ROW,STATEMENT,MIXED
canal.instance.binlog.image = FULL,MINIMAL,NOBLOB
# binlog ddl isolation
canal.instance.get.ddl.isolation = false
# parallel parser config
canal.instance.parser.parallel = true
## concurrent thread number, default 60% available processors, suggest not to exceed Runtime.getRuntime().availableProcessors()
#canal.instance.parser.parallelThreadSize = 16
## disruptor ringbuffer size, must be power of 2
canal.instance.parser.parallelBufferSize = 256
# table meta tsdb info
canal.instance.tsdb.enable = true
canal.instance.tsdb.dir = ${canal.file.data.dir:../conf}/${canal.instance.destination:}
canal.instance.tsdb.url = jdbc:h2:${canal.instance.tsdb.dir}/h2;CACHE_SIZE=1000;MODE=MYSQL;
canal.instance.tsdb.dbUsername = canal
canal.instance.tsdb.dbPassword = canal
# dump snapshot interval, default 24 hour
canal.instance.tsdb.snapshot.interval = 24
# purge snapshot expire , default 360 hour(15 days)
canal.instance.tsdb.snapshot.expire = 360
# aliyun ak/sk , support rds/mq
canal.aliyun.accessKey =
canal.aliyun.secretKey =
#################################################
######### destinations #############
#################################################
canal.destinations = example
# conf root dir
canal.conf.dir = ../conf
# auto scan instance dir add/remove and start/stop instance
canal.auto.scan = true
canal.auto.scan.interval = 5
canal.instance.tsdb.spring.xml = classpath:spring/tsdb/h2-tsdb.xml
#canal.instance.tsdb.spring.xml = classpath:spring/tsdb/mysql-tsdb.xml
canal.instance.global.mode = spring
canal.instance.global.lazy = false
#canal.instance.global.manager.address = 127.0.0.1:1099
#canal.instance.global.spring.xml = classpath:spring/memory-instance.xml
canal.instance.global.spring.xml = classpath:spring/file-instance.xml
#canal.instance.global.spring.xml = classpath:spring/default-instance.xml
##################################################
######### MQ #############
##################################################
canal.mq.servers = kafka集羣地址
canal.mq.retries = 0
canal.mq.batchSize = 16384
canal.mq.maxRequestSize = 1048576
canal.mq.lingerMs = 100
canal.mq.bufferMemory = 33554432
canal.mq.canalBatchSize = 50
canal.mq.canalGetTimeout = 100
canal.mq.flatMessage = true
canal.mq.compressionType = none
canal.mq.acks = all
# use transaction for kafka flatMessage batch produce
canal.mq.transaction = false
#canal.mq.properties. =
(4)開啓canal服務
bin/startup.sh