Java实现批量压缩图片 裁剪压缩多种尺寸缩略图 一键批量上传图片

10万+IT人都在关注的图片批量压缩上传方案(完整案例+代码)

背景需求：为了客户端访问图片资源时，加载图片更流畅，体验更好，通常不会直接用原图路径，需要根据不同的场景显示不同规格的缩略图，根据商品关键属性，能够获取到图片不同尺寸规格的图片路径，并且能根据不同缩略图直观看到商品的关键属性，需要写一个Java小工具把本地磁盘中的图片资源一键上传至分布式FastDFS文件服务器，并把图片信息存入本地数据库，PC端或者客户端查询商品时，就可以根据商品的业务属性。比如根据productId就能把商品相关的不同尺寸规格的图片都获取到，页面渲染图片资源时，不同的场景，直接通过文件服务器的IP+存储路径，可以在线预览。示例：商品id为1001的主图原图1001.jpg，大小为800×800（px），在本案例中解析为1001-50×50.jpg，1001-100×100.jpg，1001-200×200.jpg，1001-400×400.jpg，解析后连同原图就是5种尺寸规格的图片。前端就能直观的根据屏幕大小，业务场景等因素使用不同的图片。

实现思路：先把本地磁盘目录中的所有图片资源通过IO流读出来，读到内存中，然后对图片的名称根据定义好的业务规则解析，生成不同的图片名，然后对原图进行不同规格的解析压缩处理，以及图片资源的上传和图片信息的批量保存至数据库。

常用的压缩方案有下面2种：

方案一：对原图进行按照指定存储空间的压缩，比如原图100Kb，压缩至10Kb

方案二：对原图进行指定宽高大小的压缩，比如原图800*800，压缩至100*100

准备工作：封装一个文件流操作的通过工具类，如下：

package com.demo.utils;

import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import org.apache.tomcat.util.codec.binary.Base64;

/**
 * 创建时间：2019年3月13日 下午9:02:32
 * 项目名称：shsc-batchUpload-server
 * 类说明：文件流工具类
 * @author guobinhui
 * @since JDK 1.8.0_51
 */
public class FileUtils {

    /* 
     * 读取本地物理磁盘目录里的所有文件资源到程序内存 
     */ 
	public static List<File> readFiles(String fileDir) {
	File dirPath = new File(fileDir);
	//用listFiles()获得子目录和文件
	File[] files = dirPath.listFiles();
	List<File> list1 = new ArrayList<File>();
	for (int i = 0; i < files.length; i++) {
	  File file = files[i];
	  if (!file.isDirectory()) {
		list1.add(files[i]);
	   }
	}
	 System.out.println("目录图片数量为："+list1.size());
	 return list1;
	}
	
    /* 
     * File文件流转为Base64的字符串流
     * 注意：通过前端页面上传图片时，用 MultipartFile文件流可以接收图片并上传,MultipartFile流有很丰富的方法
     * 本案例通过后台小工具上传，需要把图片资源的文件流转为Base64格式的流才可以上传
     */ 
	public static String getBase64(File file) {
	FileInputStream fis = null;
	String base64String = null;
	try {
		fis = new FileInputStream(file);
		byte[] buff = new byte[fis.available()];
		fis.read(buff);
		base64String = Base64.encodeBase64String(buff);
	} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
		// TODO Auto-generated catch block
		e.printStackTrace();
	} catch (IOException e) {
		// TODO Auto-generated catch block
		e.printStackTrace();
	}	finally{
		if(fis != null){
			try {
				fis.close();
			} catch (IOException e) {
				// TODO Auto-generated catch block
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}
	}
	return base64String;
	}
	
	/**
    * 将File文件流转为字节数组
    * @param file
    * @return
    */
    public static byte[] getByte(File file){
	byte[] bytes = null;
	try {
		FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(file);
		bytes = new byte[fis.available()];
		fis.read(bytes);
		fis.close();
	} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
	   e.printStackTrace();
	} catch (IOException e) {
	   e.printStackTrace();
	}
	return bytes;
    }
   
   /**
    * 将字节输出流写到指定文件
    * @param os
    * @param file
    */
    public static void writeFile(ByteArrayOutputStream os, File file){
	FileOutputStream fos = null;
	try {
	   byte[] bytes = os.toByteArray();
	   if (file.exists()) {
		   file.delete();
	   }
	   fos = new FileOutputStream(file);
	   fos.write(bytes);
	} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
	   e.printStackTrace();
	} catch (IOException e) {
	   e.printStackTrace();
	} finally {
		try {
		   fos.close();
		} catch (IOException e) {
		   e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
    }
}

 封装一个压缩图片处理类

package com.demo.mapper.entity;

import java.awt.Image;
import java.awt.geom.AffineTransform;
import java.awt.image.AffineTransformOp;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;

/**
 * 创建时间：2019年3月13日 下午3:35:05
 * 项目名称：shsc-batchUpload-server
 * 类说明：图片压缩处理类
 * @author guobinhui
 * @since JDK 1.8.0_51
 */
public class ImgCompress {

    private Image img;  
    private int width;  
    private int height;
   
    /** 
     * 构造函数 
     */  
    public ImgCompress(String filePath) throws IOException {  
        File file = new File(filePath);// 读入文件  
        img = ImageIO.read(file);      // 构造Image对象  
        width = img.getWidth(null);    // 得到源图宽  
        height = img.getHeight(null);  // 得到源图长  
    }  
	public Image getImg() {
		return img;
	}
	public void setImg(Image img) {
		this.img = img;
	}
	public int getWidth() {
		return width;
	}
	public void setWidth(int width) {
		this.width = width;
	}
	public int getHeight() {
		return height;
	}
	public void setHeight(int height) {
		this.height = height;
	}
    public void reSize(int w, int h,File file,String dir) throws IOException {  
        // SCALE_SMOOTH 的缩略算法 生成缩略图片的平滑度的 优先级比速度高 生成的图片质量比较好，但是速度慢  
         BufferedImage tag = new BufferedImage(50,50,BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB );
	Image img = ImageIO.read(file);
	Image image = img.getScaledInstance(w, h, Image.SCALE_SMOOTH);
	tag.getGraphics().drawImage(image,50, 50, null); // 绘制缩小后的图  
	
	// 将输入文件转换为字节数组
	byte[] bytes = FileUtils.getByte(file);
	// 构造输入输出字节流
	ByteArrayInputStream is = new ByteArrayInputStream(bytes);
	ByteArrayOutputStream os = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
	double rate = w/800;//缩放比率
	try {
	  // 处理图片
	  zoomImage(is,os,rate);
	} catch (Exception e) {
	  e.printStackTrace();
	}
	// 将字节输出流写入文件
	FileUtils.writeFile(os,new File(dir+"/"+file.getName()));
    } 
   
   public  void zoomImage(InputStream is, OutputStream os,double Rate) throws Exception { 
     BufferedImage bufImg = ImageIO.read(is);
     AffineTransformOp ato = new AffineTransformOp(AffineTransform.getScaleInstance(Rate,Rate), null);
     BufferedImage bufferedImage = ato.filter(bufImg, null);
     ImageIO.write(bufferedImage, "jpg", os);
  }
}

方案一具体实现过程：

package com.demo.controller;

import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.Image;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;

import javax.imageio.ImageIO;

import org.apache.tomcat.util.codec.binary.Base64;
import org.springframework.beans.BeanUtils;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import com.demo.mapper.entity.AttachmentModel;
import com.demo.mapper.entity.ImgCompress;
import com.demo.mapper.entity.ProductPic;
import com.demo.service.IFileService;
import com.demo.utils.FileUtils;
import com.shsc.framework.common.ResultInfo;

/**
 * 创建时间：2019年3月8日 下午3:03:56
 * 项目名称：shsc-batchUpload-server
 * 类说明：图片批量压缩上传
 * @author guobinhui
 * @since JDK 1.8.0_51
 */
@RestController
@RequestMapping(value="/file")
public class FileController {


@Autowired
private  IFileService fileServiceImpl;


@RequestMapping("/test")
@ResponseBody
public String test() {
  //原始图片目录
  String originalFileDir = "D:/pics/pic1";
  List <File> originalFileList = readFiles(originalFileDir);
  Iterator<File> it = originalFileList.iterator();
  //压缩后的缩略图目录
  String thumbnailDir = "D:/uploadBaseDir/productPic/20190313/thumbnail";
  long startWrite = System.currentTimeMillis();
  while(it.hasNext()){
	File file = (File)it.next();
	try {
	  ImgCompress img = new ImgCompress(file.getPath());
	  img.reSize(50, 50, file, thumbnailDir);
	} catch (IOException e) {
	  // TODO Auto-generated catch block
	  e.printStackTrace();
	  return "上传失败!";
	}  	
   }
  long endWrite = System.currentTimeMillis();
  System.out.println("批量上传文件共计耗时：" +(endWrite-startWrite)/1000+"秒" );	
return "<h1 style='color:red;'>批量上传文件成功,非常棒,压缩上传文件总数量为："+num+",共计耗时"+(endWrite-startWrite)/1000+"秒</h1>";
  }  
}

最后在浏览器上访问该接口或者把该接口放在main方法里run，效果如下：

方案二具体实现过程：

@RequestMapping("/upload")
@ResponseBody
public String upload(){
	//win环境原始文件目录
	String originalFileDir = "D:/pics/pic1";
	System.out.println("读磁盘文件开始");
	long startRead = System.currentTimeMillis();
	List <File> originalFileList = readFiles(originalFileDir);
	long endRead = System.currentTimeMillis();
	System.out.println("读磁盘文件结束");
	System.out.println("读取磁盘文件共计耗时：" +(endRead-startRead)+"毫秒" );	
	
	Iterator<File> it = originalFileList.iterator();
	System.out.println("压缩拷贝文件开始");
	long startWrite = System.currentTimeMillis();
//	Integer size = 500;//每500个图片批量插入一次
//	Integer i = 0;
	String productNumber = null;
	
	String thumbnailDir = "D:/uploadBaseDir/productPic/20190313/thumbnail";
	String base64 = null;
	String new50PicName = "";
	String new100PicName = "";
	String new200PicName = "";
	String new400PicName = "";
	List <ProductPic> picList = new ArrayList<ProductPic>();
	int picType;
	List <Integer> sizeList = new ArrayList<Integer>();
	sizeList.add(0,50);
	sizeList.add(1,100);
	sizeList.add(2,200);
	sizeList.add(3,400);
	
  while(it.hasNext()){
	File file = (File)it.next();
	System.out.println("原始文件路径为："+file.getPath());
	String originalFileName= file.getName();
	String prefixName = originalFileName.substring(0,originalFileName.lastIndexOf("."));
	String ext = originalFileName.substring(originalFileName.lastIndexOf("."));
	
	byte[] buff = FileUtils.getByte(file);
	ByteArrayInputStream is = new ByteArrayInputStream(buff);
	ByteArrayOutputStream os = null;
	BufferedImage BI = null;
	base64 = getBase64(file);
	ResultInfo<?> r = fileServiceImpl.uploadBase64(base64,originalFileName);
	AttachmentModel att = (AttachmentModel)r.getData();
	if(originalFileName.indexOf('-') == -1) {
	  picType = 1;
	  productNumber = prefixName;
	}else {
	  picType = 2;
	  productNumber = originalFileName.substring(0,originalFileName.lastIndexOf("-"));
	}
	if(r.isSuccess()) {
	  ProductPic pic = new ProductPic();
	  BeanUtils.copyProperties(att, pic);
	  pic.getPicName();
	  pic.setProductId(productNumber);
	  pic.setPicType(picType);
	  picList.add(pic);
	}
	if(originalFileName.indexOf('-') == -1) {//不带'-'的是商品主图
	  productNumber = prefixName;
	  new50PicName = productNumber+'-'+ "50×50"+ext;
	  new100PicName = productNumber+'-'+ "100×100"+ext;
	  new200PicName = productNumber+'-'+ "200×200"+ext;
	  new400PicName = productNumber+'-'+ "400×400"+ext;
	}else {
	  productNumber = originalFileName.substring(0,originalFileName.lastIndexOf("-"));
	  new50PicName = originalFileName.substring(0,originalFileName.lastIndexOf("."))+'-'+ "50×50"+ext;
	  new100PicName = originalFileName.substring(0,originalFileName.lastIndexOf("."))+'-'+ "100×100"+ext;
	  new200PicName = originalFileName.substring(0,originalFileName.lastIndexOf("."))+'-'+ "200×200"+ext;
	  new400PicName = originalFileName.substring(0,originalFileName.lastIndexOf("."))+'-'+ "400×400"+ext;
	}
	
	try {
	  File f = null;
	  BI = ImageIO.read(is);
	  for (int i = 0; i < sizeList.size(); i++) {
		os = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
		Image image = BI.getScaledInstance(sizeList.get(i),sizeList.get(i), Image.SCALE_SMOOTH);
		BufferedImage tag = new BufferedImage(sizeList.get(i),sizeList.get(i),BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
		Graphics g = tag.getGraphics();
		g.setColor(Color.RED);
		g.drawImage(image, 0, 0, null); //绘制处理后的图
		g.dispose();
		ImageIO.write(tag, "jpg", os);
		if(sizeList.get(i) == 50) {
		  FileUtils.writeFile(os,new File(thumbnailDir+"/"+new50PicName));
		  f = new File(thumbnailDir+"/"+new50PicName);
		}else if(sizeList.get(i) == 100) {
		  FileUtils.writeFile(os,new File(thumbnailDir+"/"+new100PicName));
		  f = new File(thumbnailDir+"/"+new100PicName);
		}else if(sizeList.get(i) == 200) {
		  FileUtils.writeFile(os,new File(thumbnailDir+"/"+new200PicName));
		  f = new File(thumbnailDir+"/"+new200PicName);
		}else if(sizeList.get(i) == 400) {
		  FileUtils.writeFile(os,new File(thumbnailDir+"/"+new400PicName));
		  f = new File(thumbnailDir+"/"+new400PicName);
		}
		base64 = getBase64(f);
		ResultInfo<?> rr = fileServiceImpl.uploadBase64(base64,f.getName());
		if(rr.isSuccess()) {
			AttachmentModel atta = (AttachmentModel)rr.getData();
			if(atta.getPicName().indexOf('-') == -1) {//不带'-'的是商品主图
				picType = 1;
			}else if(atta.getPicName().indexOf("-1.") != -1
					|| atta.getPicName().indexOf("-2.") != -1
					|| atta.getPicName().indexOf("-3.") != -1
					|| atta.getPicName().indexOf("-4.") != -1) {
				picType = 2;
			}else if((atta.getPicName().indexOf("-1-") == -1
					||atta.getPicName().indexOf("-2-") == -1
					||atta.getPicName().indexOf("-3-") == -1
					||atta.getPicName().indexOf("-4-") == -1)
					&& atta.getPicName().indexOf("-") != -1) {
				picType = 3;
			}else {
				picType = 4;
			}
			ProductPic pic = new ProductPic();
			BeanUtils.copyProperties(atta, pic);
			pic.getPicName();
			pic.setProductId(productNumber);
			pic.setPicType(picType);
			picList.add(pic);
		}
	} 
	} catch (Exception e1) {
		// TODO Auto-generated catch block
		e1.printStackTrace();
	}
}
int num = fileServiceImpl.insertPics(picList);
if(num > 0) {
	long endWrite = System.currentTimeMillis();
	System.out.println("批量上传文件共计耗时：" +(endWrite-startWrite)/1000+"秒" );	
	return "<h1 style='color:red;'>批量上传文件成功,非常棒,压缩上传文件总数量为："+num+",共计耗时"+(endWrite-startWrite)/1000+"秒</h1>";
}
return "批量上传文件失败！";
}

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