之前有人來問我linux上怎麼安裝Mysql,正好今天要切庫,安裝Mysql,就隨手記錄一下.說實話Linux上安裝mysql其實很簡單,如果你用yum命令的話,但是用yum安裝後的mysql各種配置文件和安裝文件可能不是你想要的存放位置,放的很奇葩,你想按常規方法去找很可能找不到,還要用命令再查.但如果用tar安裝,難度其實是比較大的,尤其是Linux新手,常常會讓你一步走錯,滿盤皆輸,網上教程也是五花八門,有些會讓你浪費時間喫力不討好,這篇我已經幫你測了很多遍了,一次性成功,很好用...
本篇以tar安裝包的形式安裝Mysql,安裝環境:centos7.3 64位,mysql5.7.22.
1、下載tar包，這裏使用wget從官網下載
wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
2、將mysql安裝到/usr/local/mysql下
# 解壓
tar -xvf mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
# 移動
mv mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/
# 重命名
mv /usr/local/mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql
3、新建data目錄
mkdir /usr/local/mysql/data
4、新建mysql用戶、mysql用戶組
# mysql用戶組
groupadd mysql
# mysql用戶
useradd mysql -g mysql
5、將/usr/local/mysql的所有者及所屬組改爲mysql
chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql
6、配置
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
# 如果出現以下錯誤：
2018-07-14 06:40:32 [WARNING] mysql_install_db is deprecated. Please consider switching to mysqld --initialize
2018-07-14 06:40:32 [ERROR] Child process: /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqldterminated prematurely with errno= 32
2018-07-14 06:40:32 [ERROR] Failed to execute /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --bootstrap --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --lc-messages-dir=/usr/local/mysql/share --lc-messages=en_US --basedir=/usr/local/mysql
-- server log begin --
-- server log end --
# 則使用以下命令：
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --initialize
# 如果出現以下錯誤：
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld: error while loading shared libraries: libnuma.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
# 則執行以下命令：
yum -y install numactl
# 完成後繼續安裝：
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --initialize
# 編輯/etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
user=mysql
port=3306
character-set-server=utf8
# 取消密碼驗證
skip-grant-tables
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
# skip-grant-tables
[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
7、開啓服務
# 將mysql加入服務
cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql
# 開機自啓
chkconfig mysql on
# 開啓
service mysql start
8、設置密碼
# 登錄（由於/etc/my.cnf中設置了取消密碼驗證，所以此處密碼任意）
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u root -p
# 操作mysql數據庫
>>use mysql;
# 修改密碼
>>update user set authentication_string=password('你的密碼') where user='root';
>>flush privileges;
>>exit;
9、將/etc/my.cnf中的skip-grant-tables刪除
10、登錄再次設置密碼（不知道爲啥如果不再次設置密碼就操作不了數據庫了）
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u root -p
>>ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '修改後的密碼';
>>exit;
11、允許遠程連接
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u root -p
>>use mysql;
>>update user set host='%' where user = 'root';
>>flush privileges;
>>eixt;
12、添加快捷方式
ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql /usr/bin