maven的初級使用

1. 安裝

在http://maven.apache.org/download.html 中下載最新版本

解壓縮, 並且正確設置環境變量

具體操作如官方說明一樣:

Windows 2000/XP

1. Unzip apache-maven-2.0.8-bin.zip to the directory you wish to install Maven 2.0.8. These instructions assume you chose C:/Program Files/Apache Software Foundation/apache-maven-2.0.8
2. Add the bin directory to your path, by opening up the system properties (WinKey + Pause), selecting the "Advanced" tab, and the "Environment Variables" button, then editing the PATH variable in the user variables. eg. "C:/Program Files/Apache Software Foundation/apache-maven-2.0.8/bin";%PATH%
3. In the same dialog, make sure that JAVA_HOME is set to the location of your JDK, eg. C:/Program Files/Java/jdk1.5.0_02
4. Run mvn --version to verify that it is correctly installed.

Unix-based Operating Systems (Linux, Solaris and Mac OS X)

1. Extract the distribution archive to the directory you wish to install Maven 2.0.8. These instructions assume you chose /usr/local/apache-maven-2.0.8 . The directory apache-maven-2.0.8 will be created from the archive.
2. Add the bin directory to your path, eg. export PATH=/usr/local/apache-maven-2.0.8/bin:$PATH
3. Make sure that JAVA_HOME is set to the location of your JDK, eg. export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.5.0_02
4. Run mvn --version to verify that it is correctly installed.  

2.生成Maven項目

生成標準佈局的webapp項目，在控制檯執行下面命令(groupId後面是包名，artifactId後面是項目名稱)：

mvn archetype:create -DgroupId=net.jeffrey
         -DartifactId=my-webapp
         -DarchetypeArtifactId=maven-archetype-webapp

生成標準佈局的普通java項目，執行：

mvn archetype:create -DgroupId=net.jeffrey -DartifactId=my-app

完成後你會看到已經生成了一個名爲my-webapp的文件夾，這就是剛剛生成好的項目目錄

在my-webapp根目錄下，你會看到名爲pom.xml的文件，這個就是maven的項目描述文件

3.maven和eclipse整合

安裝maven2插件 http://m2eclipse.codehaus.org/

網站中有詳細的FLASH DEMO介紹安裝和基本使用

4.架設artifactory私服管理

直接下載解壓就可以使用

項目的pom.xml文件修改

  <repositories>
        <repository>
            <id>artifactory</id>
            <name>your local artifactory</name>
            <url>http://localhost:8081/artifactory/repo</url>
        </repository>
    </repositories>

    <pluginRepositories>
        <pluginRepository>
            <id>artifactory</id>
            <name>your local artifactory</name>
            <url>http://localhost:8081/artifactory/plugins-releases</url>
            <snapshots>
                <enabled>false</enabled>
            </snapshots>
        </pluginRepository>
    </pluginRepositories>

具體的依賴寫法,要參考 http://mvnrepository.com/

簡要步驟如下：

0. 爲eclipse添加Maven2和MyEclipse插件

1. 將Maven項目轉爲Eclipse項目，具體操作爲將dos命令窗口切換到Maven項目的目錄下，輸入命令： mvn eclipse:eclipse

2. 進入eclipse，將這個項目導入工作空間

3. 在該項目上點右鍵Maven->Enable

4. 在該項目上點右鍵Build Path->Configure Build Path->Java Build Path->Libraries->去掉Maven添加的變量路徑

5. 在該項目上點右鍵MyEclipse->Add Web Capabilities->修改Web root地址（點【瀏覽】按鈕指定爲當前工作空間下的src/main/webapp文件夾）