消息其實是由用戶發給你的公衆帳號的,消息先被微信平臺接收到,然後微信平臺會將該消息轉給你在開發模式接口配置中指定的URL地址。
把消息推送中定義的所有消息都有的字段提取出來,封裝成一個基類,這些公有的字段包括:ToUserName(開發者微信號)、FromUserName(發送方帳號,OPEN_ID)、CreateTime(消息的創建時間)、MsgType(消息類型)、MsgId(消息ID),封裝後基類BaseMessage的代碼如下:
/**
* 請求消息基類(普通用戶 -> 公衆帳號)
* @author bym @date 2018年7月4日
*/
public class BaseMessage {
// 開發者微信號
private String ToUserName;
// 發送方帳號(一個OpenID)
private String FromUserName;
// 消息創建時間 (整型)
private long CreateTime;
// 消息類型
private String MsgType;
// 消息id,64位整型
private long MsgId;
public String getToUserName() {
return ToUserName;
}
public void setToUserName(String toUserName) {
ToUserName = toUserName;
}
public String getFromUserName() {
return FromUserName;
}
public void setFromUserName(String fromUserName) {
FromUserName = fromUserName;
}
public long getCreateTime() {
return CreateTime;
}
public void setCreateTime(long createTime) {
CreateTime = createTime;
}
public String getMsgType() {
return MsgType;
}
public void setMsgType(String msgType) {
MsgType = msgType;
}
public long getMsgId() {
return MsgId;
}
public void setMsgId(long msgId) {
MsgId = msgId;
}
}
請求消息之文本消息
/**
* 文本消息
* @author bym @date 2018年7月4日
*/
public class TextMessage extends BaseMessage {
// 消息內容
private String Content;
public String getContent() {
return Content;
}
public void setContent(String content) {
Content = content;
}
}
請求消息之圖片消息
/**
* 圖片消息
* @author bym @date 2018年7月4日
*/
public class ImageMessage extends BaseMessage {
// 圖片鏈接
private String PicUrl;
public String getPicUrl() {
return PicUrl;
}
public void setPicUrl(String picUrl) {
PicUrl = picUrl;
}
}
請求消息之地理位置消息
/**
* 地理位置消息
* @author bym @date 2018年7月4日
*/
public class LocationMessage extends BaseMessage {
// 地理位置維度
private String Location_X;
// 地理位置經度
private String Location_Y;
// 地圖縮放大小
private String Scale;
// 地理位置信息
private String Label;
public String getLocation_X() {
return Location_X;
}
public void setLocation_X(String location_X) {
Location_X = location_X;
}
public String getLocation_Y() {
return Location_Y;
}
public void setLocation_Y(String location_Y) {
Location_Y = location_Y;
}
public String getScale() {
return Scale;
}
public void setScale(String scale) {
Scale = scale;
}
public String getLabel() {
return Label;
}
public void setLabel(String label) {
Label = label;
}
}
請求消息之鏈接消息
/**
* 鏈接消息
* @author bym @date 2018年7月4日
*/
public class LinkMessage extends BaseMessage {
// 消息標題
private String Title;
// 消息描述
private String Description;
// 消息鏈接
private String Url;
public String getTitle() {
return Title;
}
public void setTitle(String title) {
Title = title;
}
public String getDescription() {
return Description;
}
public void setDescription(String description) {
Description = description;
}
public String getUrl() {
return Url;
}
public void setUrl(String url) {
Url = url;
}
}
請求消息之語音消息
/**
* 語音消息
* @author bym @date 2018年7月4日
*/
public class VoiceMessage extends BaseMessage {
// 媒體ID
private String MediaId;
// 語音格式
private String Format;
// 語音識別結果,UTF8編碼
private String Recognition;
public String getMediaId() {
return MediaId;
}
public void setMediaId(String mediaId) {
MediaId = mediaId;
}
public String getFormat() {
return Format;
}
public void setFormat(String format) {
Format = format;
}
public String getRecognition() {
return Recognition;
}
public void setRecognition(String recognition) {
Recognition = recognition;
}
}
請求消息之視頻消息
/**
* 視頻消息
* @author bym @date 2018年7月4日
*/
public class VideoMessage extends BaseMessage {
// 視頻消息媒體id
private String MediaId;
// 視頻消息縮略圖的媒體id
private String ThumbMediaId;
public String getMediaId() {
return MediaId;
}
public void setMediaId(String mediaId) {
MediaId = mediaId;
}
public String getThumbMediaId() {
return ThumbMediaId;
}
public void setThumbMediaId(String thumbMediaId) {
ThumbMediaId = thumbMediaId;
}
}
響應消息的基類
/**
* 消息基類(公衆帳號 -> 普通用戶)
* @author bym @date 2018年7月4日
*/
public class BaseMessage {
// 接收方帳號(收到的OpenID)
private String ToUserName;
// 開發者微信號
private String FromUserName;
// 消息創建時間 (整型)
private long CreateTime;
// 消息類型(text/music/news)
private String MsgType;
// 位0x0001被標誌時,星標剛收到的消息
private int FuncFlag;
public String getToUserName() {
return ToUserName;
}
public void setToUserName(String toUserName) {
ToUserName = toUserName;
}
public String getFromUserName() {
return FromUserName;
}
public void setFromUserName(String fromUserName) {
FromUserName = fromUserName;
}
public long getCreateTime() {
return CreateTime;
}
public void setCreateTime(long createTime) {
CreateTime = createTime;
}
public String getMsgType() {
return MsgType;
}
public void setMsgType(String msgType) {
MsgType = msgType;
}
public int getFuncFlag() {
return FuncFlag;
}
public void setFuncFlag(int funcFlag) {
FuncFlag = funcFlag;
}
}
響應文本消息
/**
* 文本消息
* @author bym @date 2018年7月4日
*/
public class TextMessage extends BaseMessage {
// 回覆的消息內容
private String Content;
public String getContent() {
return Content;
}
public void setContent(String content) {
Content = content;
}
}
響應圖片消息
/**
* 圖片消息
* @author bym @date 2018年7月4日
*/
public class ImageMessage extends BaseMessage {
// 圖片
private Image Image;
public Image getImage() {
return Image;
}
public void setImage(Image image) {
Image = image;
}
}
圖片消息中Image類的定義
/**
* 圖片model
* @author bym @date 2018年7月4日
*/
public class Image {
// 媒體文件id
private String MediaId;
public String getMediaId() {
return MediaId;
}
public void setMediaId(String mediaId) {
MediaId = mediaId;
}
}
響應圖文消息
/**
* 文本消息
* @@author bym @date 2018年7月4日
*/
public class NewsMessage extends BaseMessage {
// 圖文消息個數,限制爲10條以內
private int ArticleCount;
// 多條圖文消息信息,默認第一個item爲大圖
private List<Article> Articles;
public int getArticleCount() {
return ArticleCount;
}
public void setArticleCount(int articleCount) {
ArticleCount = articleCount;
}
public List<Article> getArticles() {
return Articles;
}
public void setArticles(List<Article> articles) {
Articles = articles;
}
}
圖文消息中Article類的定義
/**
* 圖文model
* @author bym @date 2018年7月4日
*/
public class Article {
// 圖文消息名稱
private String Title;
// 圖文消息描述
private String Description;
// 圖片鏈接,支持JPG、PNG格式,較好的效果爲大圖640*320,小圖80*80
private String PicUrl;
// 點擊圖文消息跳轉鏈接
private String Url;
public String getTitle() {
return Title;
}
public void setTitle(String title) {
Title = title;
}
public String getDescription() {
return null == Description ? "" : Description;
}
public void setDescription(String description) {
Description = description;
}
public String getPicUrl() {
return null == PicUrl ? "" : PicUrl;
}
public void setPicUrl(String picUrl) {
PicUrl = picUrl;
}
public String getUrl() {
return null == Url ? "" : Url;
}
public void setUrl(String url) {
Url = url;
}
}
響應語音消息
/**
* 語音消息
* @author bym @date 2018年7月4日
*/
public class VoiceMessage extends BaseMessage {
// 語音
private Voice Voice;
public Voice getVoice() {
return Voice;
}
public void setVoice(Voice voice) {
Voice = voice;
}
}
語音消息中Voice類的定義
/**
* 語音model
* @author bym @date 2018年7月4日
*/
public class Voice {
// 媒體文件id
private String MediaId;
public String getMediaId() {
return MediaId;
}
public void setMediaId(String mediaId) {
MediaId = mediaId;
}
}
響應音樂消息
/**
* 音樂消息
* @author bym @date 2018年7月4日
*/
public class MusicMessage extends BaseMessage {
// 音樂
private Music Music;
public Music getMusic() {
return Music;
}
public void setMusic(Music music) {
Music = music;
}
}
音樂消息中Music類的定義
/**
* 音樂model
* @author bym @date 2018年7月4日
*/
public class Music {
// 音樂標題
private String Title;
// 音樂描述
private String Description;
// 音樂鏈接
private String MusicUrl;
// 高質量音樂鏈接,WIFI環境優先使用該鏈接播放音樂
private String HQMusicUrl;
// 縮略圖的媒體id,通過上傳多媒體文件得到的id
private String ThumbMediaId;
public String getTitle() {
return Title;
}
public void setTitle(String title) {
Title = title;
}
public String getDescription() {
return Description;
}
public void setDescription(String description) {
Description = description;
}
public String getMusicUrl() {
return MusicUrl;
}
public void setMusicUrl(String musicUrl) {
MusicUrl = musicUrl;
}
public String getHQMusicUrl() {
return HQMusicUrl;
}
public void setHQMusicUrl(String musicUrl) {
HQMusicUrl = musicUrl;
}
public String getThumbMediaId() {
return ThumbMediaId;
}
public void setThumbMediaId(String thumbMediaId) {
ThumbMediaId = thumbMediaId;
}
}
響應視頻消息
/**
* 視頻消息
* @author bym @date 2018年7月4日
*/
public class VideoMessage extends BaseMessage {
// 視頻
private Video Video;
public Video getVideo() {
return Video;
}
public void setVideo(Video video) {
Video = video;
}
}
視頻消息中Video類的定義
/**
* 視頻model
* @author bym @date 2018年7月4日
*/
public class Video {
// 媒體文件id
private String MediaId;
// 縮略圖的媒體id
private String ThumbMediaId;
public String getMediaId() {
return MediaId;
}
public void setMediaId(String mediaId) {
MediaId = mediaId;
}
public String getThumbMediaId() {
return ThumbMediaId;
}
public void setThumbMediaId(String thumbMediaId) {
ThumbMediaId = thumbMediaId;
}
}
解析請求消息
微信服務器會用doPost的方法將用戶信息發送給我們.前邊寫doGet的時候把doPost寫好了.
doPost方法有兩個參數,request中封裝了請求相關的所有內容,可以從request中取出微信服務器發來的消息;而通過response我們可以對接收到的消息進行響應,即發送消息。
那麼如何解析請求消息的問題也就轉化爲如何從request中得到微信服務器發送給我們的xml格式的消息了。這裏我們藉助於開源框架dom4j去解析xml(這裏使用的是dom4j-1.6.1.jar),然後將解析得到的結果存入HashMap,解析請求消息的方法如下:
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public static Map<String, String> parseXml(HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception {
Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>();
InputStream inputStream = request.getInputStream();
SAXReader reader = new SAXReader();
Document document = reader.read(inputStream);
Element root = document.getRootElement();
List<Element> elementList = root.elements();
for (Element e : elementList)
map.put(e.getName(), e.getText());
inputStream.close();
inputStream = null;
return map;
}
將響應消息轉化成xml返回
這裏我們將採用開源框架xstream來實現Java類到xml的轉換(這裏使用的是xstream-1.3.1.jar),代碼如下:
private static XStream xstream = new XStream(new XppDriver() {
public HierarchicalStreamWriter createWriter(Writer out) {
return new PrettyPrintWriter(out) {
boolean cdata = true;
public void startNode(String name, Class clazz) {
super.startNode(name, clazz);
}
protected void writeText(QuickWriter writer, String text) {
if (cdata) {
writer.write("<![CDATA[");
writer.write(text);
writer.write("]]>");
} else {
writer.write(text);
}
}
};
}
});
public static String messageToXml(TextMessage textMessage) {
xstream.alias("xml", textMessage.getClass());
return xstream.toXML(textMessage);
}
public static String messageToXml(ImageMessage imageMessage) {
xstream.alias("xml", imageMessage.getClass());
return xstream.toXML(imageMessage);
}
public static String messageToXml(VoiceMessage voiceMessage) {
xstream.alias("xml", voiceMessage.getClass());
return xstream.toXML(voiceMessage);
}
public static String messageToXml(VideoMessage videoMessage) {
xstream.alias("xml", videoMessage.getClass());
return xstream.toXML(videoMessage);
}
public static String messageToXml(MusicMessage musicMessage) {
xstream.alias("xml", musicMessage.getClass());
return xstream.toXML(musicMessage);
}
public static String messageToXml(NewsMessage newsMessage) {
XStream xstream = new XStream();
xstream.alias("xml", newsMessage.getClass());
xstream.alias("item", new Article().getClass());
return xstream.toXML(newsMessage);
}
}
爲什要把數據放在CDATA中,xml CDATA有什麼用https://blog.csdn.net/u014401141/article/details/53453818
由於xstream框架本身並不支持CDATA塊的生成,writeText方法是對xtream做了擴展,使其支持在生成xml各元素值時添加CDATA塊。
消息處理工具的封裝
將消息相關的處理方法全部封裝到工具類MessageUtil中,該類的完整代碼如下:
/**
*
* @author bym @date 2018年7月4日
*
*/
public class MessageUtil {
public static final String REQ_MESSAGE_TYPE_TEXT = "text";
public static final String REQ_MESSAGE_TYPE_IMAGE = "image";
public static final String REQ_MESSAGE_TYPE_VOICE = "voice";
public static final String REQ_MESSAGE_TYPE_VIDEO = "video";
public static final String REQ_MESSAGE_TYPE_LOCATION = "location";
public static final String REQ_MESSAGE_TYPE_LINK = "link";
public static final String REQ_MESSAGE_TYPE_EVENT = "event";
public static final String EVENT_TYPE_SUBSCRIBE = "subscribe";
public static final String EVENT_TYPE_UNSUBSCRIBE = "unsubscribe";
public static final String EVENT_TYPE_SCAN = "scan";
public static final String EVENT_TYPE_LOCATION = "LOCATION";
public static final String EVENT_TYPE_CLICK = "CLICK";
public static final String RESP_MESSAGE_TYPE_TEXT = "text";
public static final String RESP_MESSAGE_TYPE_IMAGE = "image";
public static final String RESP_MESSAGE_TYPE_VOICE = "voice";
public static final String RESP_MESSAGE_TYPE_VIDEO = "video";
public static final String RESP_MESSAGE_TYPE_MUSIC = "music";
public static final String RESP_MESSAGE_TYPE_NEWS = "news";
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public static Map<String, String> parseXml(HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception {
Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>();
InputStream inputStream = request.getInputStream();
SAXReader reader = new SAXReader();
Document document = reader.read(inputStream);
Element root = document.getRootElement();
List<Element> elementList = root.elements();
for (Element e : elementList)
map.put(e.getName(), e.getText());
inputStream.close();
inputStream = null;
return map;
}
private static XStream xstream = new XStream(new XppDriver() {
public HierarchicalStreamWriter createWriter(Writer out) {
return new PrettyPrintWriter(out) {
boolean cdata = true;
public void startNode(String name, Class clazz) {
super.startNode(name, clazz);
}
protected void writeText(QuickWriter writer, String text) {
if (cdata) {
writer.write("<![CDATA[");
writer.write(text);
writer.write("]]>");
} else {
writer.write(text);
}
}
};
}
});
public static String messageToXml(TextMessage textMessage) {
xstream.alias("xml", textMessage.getClass());
return xstream.toXML(textMessage);
}
public static String messageToXml(ImageMessage imageMessage) {
xstream.alias("xml", imageMessage.getClass());
return xstream.toXML(imageMessage);
}
public static String messageToXml(VoiceMessage voiceMessage) {
xstream.alias("xml", voiceMessage.getClass());
return xstream.toXML(voiceMessage);
}
public static String messageToXml(VideoMessage videoMessage) {
xstream.alias("xml", videoMessage.getClass());
return xstream.toXML(videoMessage);
}
public static String messageToXml(MusicMessage musicMessage) {
xstream.alias("xml", musicMessage.getClass());
return xstream.toXML(musicMessage);
}
public static String messageToXml(NewsMessage newsMessage) {
XStream xstream = new XStream();
xstream.alias("xml", newsMessage.getClass());
xstream.alias("item", new Article().getClass());
return xstream.toXML(newsMessage);
}
}