C#在Winform中實現彈出一個消息窗口過3秒自動關閉

背景

在Winform應用程序開發中，很多時候我們需要彈出一個消息提示（模式的），又希望不用自己手動去關閉，在這種場景下我們可以開發一個超時消息提示框類，然後進行調用。

代碼實現

具體代碼封裝如下：
MessageBoxTimeout.cs

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;

namespace Wongoing.Basic
{
    /// <summary>
    /// 自動超時消息提示框
    /// </summary>
    public class MessageBoxTimeOut
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 標題
        /// </summary>
        private static string _caption;

        /// <summary>
        /// 顯示消息框
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="text">消息內容</param>
        /// <param name="caption">標題</param>
        /// <param name="timeout">超時時間，單位：毫秒</param>
        public static void Show(string text, string caption, int timeout)
        {
            _caption = caption;
            StartTimer(timeout);
            MessageBox.Show(text, caption);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 顯示消息框
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="text">消息內容</param>
        /// <param name="caption">標題</param>
        /// <param name="timeout">超時時間，單位：毫秒</param>
        /// <param name="buttons">消息框上的按鈕</param>
        public static void Show(string text, string caption, int timeout, MessageBoxButtons buttons)
        {
            _caption = caption;
            StartTimer(timeout);
            MessageBox.Show(text, caption, buttons);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 顯示消息框
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="text">消息內容</param>
        /// <param name="caption">標題</param>
        /// <param name="timeout">超時時間，單位：毫秒</param>
        /// <param name="buttons">消息框上的按鈕</param>
        /// <param name="icon">消息框上的圖標</param>
        public static void Show(string text, string caption, int timeout, MessageBoxButtons buttons, MessageBoxIcon icon)
        {
            _caption = caption;
            StartTimer(timeout);
            MessageBox.Show(text, caption, buttons, icon);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 顯示消息框
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="owner">消息框所有者</param>
        /// <param name="text">消息內容</param>
        /// <param name="caption">標題</param>
        /// <param name="timeout">超時時間，單位：毫秒</param>
        public static void Show(IWin32Window owner, string text, string caption, int timeout)
        {
            _caption = caption;
            StartTimer(timeout);
            MessageBox.Show(owner, text, caption);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 顯示消息框
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="owner">消息框所有者</param>
        /// <param name="text">消息內容</param>
        /// <param name="caption">標題</param>
        /// <param name="timeout">超時時間，單位：毫秒</param>
        /// <param name="buttons">消息框上的按鈕</param>
        public static void Show(IWin32Window owner, string text, string caption, int timeout, MessageBoxButtons buttons)
        {
            _caption = caption;
            StartTimer(timeout);
            MessageBox.Show(owner, text, caption, buttons);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 顯示消息框
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="owner">消息框所有者</param>
        /// <param name="text">消息內容</param>
        /// <param name="caption">標題</param>
        /// <param name="timeout">超時時間，單位：毫秒</param>
        /// <param name="buttons">消息框上的按鈕</param>
        /// <param name="icon">消息框上的圖標</param>
        public static void Show(IWin32Window owner, string text, string caption, int timeout, MessageBoxButtons buttons, MessageBoxIcon icon)
        {
            _caption = caption;
            StartTimer(timeout);
            MessageBox.Show(owner, text, caption, buttons, icon);
        }

        private static void StartTimer(int interval)
        {
            Timer timer = new Timer();
            timer.Interval = interval;
            timer.Tick += new EventHandler(Timer_Tick);
            timer.Enabled = true;
        }

        private static void Timer_Tick(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            KillMessageBox();
            //停止計時器
            ((Timer)sender).Enabled = false;
        }

        [DllImport("user32.dll", EntryPoint = "FindWindow", CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
        private extern static IntPtr FindWindow(string lpClassName, string lpWindowName);

        [DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
        private extern static int PostMessage(IntPtr hWnd, int msg, IntPtr wParam, IntPtr lParam);

        private const int WM_CLOSE = 0x10;

        private static void KillMessageBox()
        {
            //查找MessageBox的彈出窗口,注意對應標題
            IntPtr ptr = FindWindow(null, _caption);
            if (ptr != IntPtr.Zero)
            {
                //查找到窗口則關閉
                PostMessage(ptr, WM_CLOSE, IntPtr.Zero, IntPtr.Zero);
            }
        }
    }
}

調用示例

簡單的調用示例如下：

MessageBoxTimeOut.Show("你好，我是超時消息框，3秒後自動關閉！","提示", 3000);