今天接到了個任務,需要對數字進行計算,因爲涉及到整數,小數,和科學計數法等很多條件,所以人工測試非常麻煩,於是想到了PHP的單元測試工具PHPUnit,所以寫個文檔備查。
工作流程如下:
1.設計你的class/API
2.創建測試程序集
3.實現class/API
4.運行測試
5.修正測試失敗或錯誤,回到第4步。
我們來舉個例子:
下面是你要測試的class,其中formatn函數一個取任意數字的5位有效數字的函數。
----------format_number.php-----------
class fo {
function fo() {
}
function formatn($num) {
$num = rtrim($num,"0");
$pos = strpos($num,".");
$num = str_replace(".","",$num);
$count1 = strlen($num);
$num = ltrim($num,"0");
$count2 = strlen($num);
$zeroc = $count1 - $count2;
$num = substr($num,0,6);
$num = round($num/10);
//$num = str_pad($num, 5, "0");
if ($pos !== false) {
$num = str_pad($num, (strlen($num)+$zeroc), "0", STR_PAD_LEFT);
$dotl = substr($num,0,$pos);
$dotr = substr($num,$pos);
$num = $dotl.".".$dotr;
}
return $num;
}
}
}
接着創建TestCase,繼承自PHPUnit_TestCase
----------testcase.php-----------
require_once 'format_number.php';
require_once 'PHPUnit.php';
class foTest extends PHPUnit_TestCase {
//這個成員變量是存放要測試的類引用
var $abc;
//構造函數
function foTest($name) {
$this->PHPUnit_TestCase($name);
}
//new一個要測試的類爲成員變量abc賦值
function setUp() {
$this->abc = new fo;
}
//unset要測試的類
function tearDown() {
unset($this->abc);
}
//自定義的testcase
function testFormatn1() {
//調用要測試的類的方法,結果放到$result變量
$result = $this->abc->formatn("100.234");
//期望結果
$expected = "100.23";
//判斷是否相等,這裏使用assertTrue方法來判斷布而值是否爲true。
$this->assertTrue($result == $expected);
}
function testFormatn2() {
$result = $this->abc->formatn("0.100234");
$expected = "0.10023";
$this->assertTrue($result == $expected);
}
function testFormatn3() {
$result = $this->abc->formatn("0.100235");
$expected = "0.10024";
$this->assertTrue($result == $expected);
}
function testFormatn4() {
$result = $this->abc->formatn("0.000100235");
$expected = "0.00010024";
$this->assertTrue($result == $expected);
}
function testFormatn5() {
$result = $this->abc->formatn("0.000100232");
$expected = "0.00010023";
$this->assertTrue($result == $expected);
}
function testFormatn6() {
$result = $this->abc->formatn("1343");
$expected = "1343";
$this->assertTrue($result == $expected);
}
function testFormatn7() {
$result = $this->abc->formatn("1343.01");
$expected = "1343";
$this->assertTrue($result == $expected);
}
function testFormatn8() {
$result = $this->abc->formatn("1343.05");
$expected = "1343.1";
$this->;assertTrue($result == $expected);
}
function testFormatn9() {
$result = $this->abc->formatn("0");
$expected = "0";
$this->assertTrue($result == $expected);
}
function testFormatn10() {
$result = $this->abc->formatn("105.2342");
$expected = "105.23";
$this->assertTrue($result == $expected);
}
function testFormatn11() {
$result = $this->abc->formatn("105.2375");
$expected = "105.24";
$this->assertTrue($result == $expected);
}
function testFormatn12() {
$result = $this->abc->formatn("0.000523751");
$expected = "0.00052375";
$this->assertTrue($result == $expected);
}
function testFormatn13() {
$result = $this->abc->formatn("0.000523755");
$expected = "0.00052376";
$this->assertTrue($result == $expected);
}
}
最後還需要一個運行測試的程序
----------runtest.php-----------
require_once 'testcase.php';
require_once 'PHPUnit.php';
$suite = new PHPUnit_TestSuite("foTest");
$result = PHPUnit::run($suite);
echo $result->toString();
?>;
現在就可以通過命令行運行這個testcase
php runtest.php
得到結果如下:
TestCase foTest->testFormatn1() passed
TestCase foTest->testFormatn2() passed
TestCase foTest->testFormatn3() passed
TestCase foTest->testFormatn4() passed
TestCase foTest->testFormatn5() passed
TestCase foTest->testFormatn7() passed
TestCase foTest->testFormatn8() passed
TestCase foTest->testFormatn9() passed
TestCase foTest->testFormatn10() passed
TestCase foTest->testFormatn11() passed
TestCase foTest->testFormatn12() passed
TestCase foTest->testFormatn13() passed
TestCase foTest->testFormatn6() failed: expected TRUE, actual FALSE
其中testFormatn6的測試失敗,
我們就可以去檢查一下我們的代碼在什麼地方出問題了。
補充一點
也可以把assertTrue方法換assertEquals,如下:
function testFormatn6() {
$result = $this->abc->formatn("1343");
$expected = "1343";
$this->assertEquals($expected, $result);
}
如果失敗得到對應的結果會直觀一些(可以顯示錯誤的結果):
TestCase foTest->testFormatn8() failed: expected 1343 , actual 134.