Django 前後端分離實戰項目 生鮮超市（二）之model設計

model設計

前言

可能有的人會好奇，怎麼不是數據庫設計，小編在此解釋一下，django內置的model可以很好的將表結構遷移到數據庫，大大節約了開發時間。

代碼已上傳至github：https://github.com/kalipoison/fresh-market

此項目僅學習用途

流程

在終端輸入

python manage.py startapp users
python manage.py startapp user_operation
python manage.py startapp goods
python manage.py startapp trade

將生成的app文件移至apps下
大致目錄如下：

users用戶模塊model設計

model.py

from datetime import datetime

from django.db import models
from django.contrib.auth.models import AbstractUser

# Create your models here.


class UserProfile(AbstractUser):
    """
    用戶
    """
    name = models.CharField(max_length=30, null=True, blank=True, verbose_name="姓名")
    birthday = models.DateField(null=True, blank=True, verbose_name="出生年月")
    gender = models.CharField(max_length=6, choices=(("male", u"男"), ("female", "女")), default="female", verbose_name="性別")
    mobile = models.CharField(null=True, blank=True, max_length=11, verbose_name="電話")
    email = models.EmailField(max_length=100, null=True, blank=True, verbose_name="郵箱")

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = "用戶"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

    def __str__(self):
        return self.username


class VerifyCode(models.Model):
    """
    短信驗證碼
    """
    code = models.CharField(max_length=10, verbose_name="驗證碼")
    mobile = models.CharField(max_length=11, verbose_name="電話")
    add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name="添加時間")

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = "短信驗證碼"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

    def __str__(self):
        return self.code

並修改settings.py,添加

AUTH_USER_MODEL = 'users.UserProfile'

goods商品模塊model設計

將DjangoUeditor添加到extra_apps文件夾中，並將該文件夾標記爲sources root

model.py

from datetime import datetime

from django.db import models
from DjangoUeditor.models import UEditorField
# Create your models here.


class GoodsCategory(models.Model):
    """
    商品類別
    """
    CATEGORY_TYPE = (
        (1, "一級類目"),
        (2, "二級類目"),
        (3, "三級類目"),
    )

    name = models.CharField(default="", max_length=30, verbose_name="類別名", help_text="類別名")
    code = models.CharField(default="", max_length=30, verbose_name="類別code", help_text="類別code")
    desc = models.TextField(default="", verbose_name="類別描述", help_text="類別描述")
    category_type = models.IntegerField(choices=CATEGORY_TYPE, verbose_name="類目級別", help_text="類目級別")
    parent_category = models.ForeignKey("self", null=True, blank=True, verbose_name="父類目級別", help_text="父目錄",
                                        related_name="sub_cat")
    is_tab = models.BooleanField(default=False, verbose_name="是否導航", help_text="是否導航")
    add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name="添加時間")

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = "商品類別"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

    def __str__(self):
        return self.name


class GoodsCategoryBrand(models.Model):
    """
    品牌名
    """
    category = models.ForeignKey(GoodsCategory, related_name='brands', null=True, blank=True, verbose_name="商品類目")
    name = models.CharField(default="", max_length=30, verbose_name="品牌名", help_text="品牌名")
    desc = models.TextField(default="", max_length=200, verbose_name="品牌描述", help_text="品牌描述")
    image = models.ImageField(max_length=200, upload_to="brands/")
    add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name="添加時間")

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = "品牌"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
        db_table = "goods_goodsbrand"

    def __str__(self):
        return self.name


class Goods(models.Model):
    """
    商品
    """
    category = models.ForeignKey(GoodsCategory, verbose_name="商品類目")
    goods_sn = models.CharField(max_length=50, default="", verbose_name="商品唯一貨號")
    name = models.CharField(max_length=100, verbose_name="商品名")
    click_num = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name="點擊數")
    sold_num = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name="商品銷售量")
    fav_num = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name="收藏數")
    goods_num = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name="庫存數")
    market_price = models.FloatField(default=0, verbose_name="市場價格")
    shop_price = models.FloatField(default=0, verbose_name="本店價格")
    goods_brief = models.TextField(max_length=500, verbose_name="商品簡短描述")
    goods_desc = UEditorField(verbose_name=u"內容", imagePath="goods/images/", width=1000, height=300,
                              filePath="goods/files/", default='')
    ship_free = models.BooleanField(default=True, verbose_name="是否承擔運費")
    goods_front_image = models.ImageField(upload_to="goods/images/", null=True, blank=True, verbose_name="封面圖")
    is_new = models.BooleanField(default=False, verbose_name="是否新品")
    is_hot = models.BooleanField(default=False, verbose_name="是否熱銷")
    add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name="添加時間")

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = '商品'
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

    def __str__(self):
        return self.name


class IndexAd(models.Model):
    category = models.ForeignKey(GoodsCategory, related_name='category',verbose_name="商品類目")
    goods =models.ForeignKey(Goods, related_name='goods')

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = '首頁商品類別廣告'
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

    def __str__(self):
        return self.goods.name


class GoodsImage(models.Model):
    """
    商品輪播圖
    """
    goods = models.ForeignKey(Goods, verbose_name="商品", related_name="images")
    image = models.ImageField(upload_to="", verbose_name="圖片", null=True, blank=True)
    add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name="添加時間")

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = '商品圖片'
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

    def __str__(self):
        return self.goods.name


class Banner(models.Model):
    """
    輪播的商品
    """
    goods = models.ForeignKey(Goods, verbose_name="商品")
    image = models.ImageField(upload_to='banner', verbose_name="輪播圖片")
    index = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name="輪播順序")
    add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name="添加時間")

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = '輪播商品'
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

    def __str__(self):
        return self.goods.name


class HotSearchWords(models.Model):
    """
    熱搜詞
    """
    keywords = models.CharField(default="", max_length=20, verbose_name="熱搜詞")
    index = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name="排序")
    add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name="添加時間")

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = '熱搜詞'
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

    def __str__(self):
        return self.keywords

trade交易模塊model設計

model.py

from datetime import datetime

from django.db import models
from django.contrib.auth import get_user_model

from goods.models import Goods
User = get_user_model()
# Create your models here.


class ShoppingCart(models.Model):
    """
    購物車
    """
    user = models.ForeignKey(User, verbose_name=u"用戶")
    goods = models.ForeignKey(Goods, verbose_name=u"商品")
    nums = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name="購買數量")

    add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name=u"添加時間")

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = '購物車'
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
        unique_together = ("user", "goods")

    def __str__(self):
        return "%s(%d)".format(self.goods.name, self.nums)


class OrderInfo(models.Model):
    """
    訂單
    """
    ORDER_STATUS = (
        ("TRADE_SUCCESS", "成功"),
        ("TRADE_CLOSED", "超時關閉"),
        ("WAIT_BUYER_PAY", "交易創建"),
        ("TRADE_FINISHED", "交易結束"),
        ("paying", "待支付"),
    )

    user = models.ForeignKey(User, verbose_name="用戶")
    order_sn = models.CharField(max_length=30, null=True, blank=True, unique=True, verbose_name="訂單號")
    trade_no = models.CharField(max_length=100, unique=True, null=True, blank=True, verbose_name=u"交易號")
    pay_status = models.CharField(choices=ORDER_STATUS, default="paying", max_length=30, verbose_name="訂單狀態")
    post_script = models.CharField(max_length=200, verbose_name="訂單留言")
    order_mount = models.FloatField(default=0.0, verbose_name="訂單金額")
    pay_time = models.DateTimeField(null=True, blank=True, verbose_name="支付時間")

    # 用戶信息
    address = models.CharField(max_length=100, default="", verbose_name="收貨地址")
    signer_name = models.CharField(max_length=20, default="", verbose_name="簽收人")
    singer_mobile = models.CharField(max_length=11, verbose_name="聯繫電話")

    add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name="添加時間")

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = u"訂單"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

    def __str__(self):
        return str(self.order_sn)

class OrderGoods(models.Model):
    """
    訂單的商品詳情
    """
    order = models.ForeignKey(OrderInfo, verbose_name="訂單信息", related_name="goods")
    goods = models.ForeignKey(Goods, verbose_name="商品")
    goods_num = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name="商品數量")

    add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name="添加時間")

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = "訂單商品"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

    def __str__(self):
        return str(self.order.order_sn)

user_operation用戶操作模塊model設計

model.py

from datetime import datetime

from django.db import models
from django.contrib.auth import get_user_model

from goods.models import Goods
# Create your models here.
User = get_user_model()


class UserFav(models.Model):
    """
    用戶收藏
    """
    user = models.ForeignKey(User, verbose_name="用戶")
    goods = models.ForeignKey(Goods, verbose_name="商品", help_text="商品id")
    add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name=u"添加時間")

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = '用戶收藏'
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
        unique_together = ("user", "goods")

    def __str__(self):
        return self.user.username


class UserLeavingMessage(models.Model):
    """
    用戶留言
    """
    MESSAGE_CHOICES = (
        (1, "留言"),
        (2, "投訴"),
        (3, "詢問"),
        (4, "售後"),
        (5, "求購")
    )
    user = models.ForeignKey(User, verbose_name="用戶")
    message_type = models.IntegerField(default=1, choices=MESSAGE_CHOICES, verbose_name="留言類型",
                                      help_text=u"留言類型: 1(留言),2(投訴),3(詢問),4(售後),5(求購)")
    subject = models.CharField(max_length=100, default="", verbose_name="主題")
    message = models.TextField(default="", verbose_name="留言內容", help_text="留言內容")
    file = models.FileField(upload_to="message/images/", verbose_name="上傳的文件", help_text="上傳的文件")
    add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name="添加時間")

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = "用戶留言"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

    def __str__(self):
        return self.subject


class UserAddress(models.Model):
    """
    用戶收貨地址
    """
    user = models.ForeignKey(User, verbose_name="用戶" )
    province = models.CharField(max_length=100, default="", verbose_name="省份")
    city = models.CharField(max_length=100, default="", verbose_name="城市")
    district = models.CharField(max_length=100, default="", verbose_name="區域")
    address = models.CharField(max_length=100, default="", verbose_name="詳細地址")
    signer_name = models.CharField(max_length=100, default="", verbose_name="簽收人")
    signer_mobile = models.CharField(max_length=11, default="", verbose_name="電話")
    add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name="添加時間")

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = "收貨地址"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

    def __str__(self):
        return self.address

遷移到數據庫生成數據表

修改settings.py設置

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    'users.apps.UsersConfig',
    'DjangoUeditor',
    'goods.apps.GoodsConfig',
    'trade.apps.TradeConfig',
    'user_operation.apps.UserOperationConfig',
]

在終端輸入

python manage.py makemigrations
python manage.py migrate

這樣model的設計就完成了，是不是很簡單呢?