目前Redis大概有3中基於Java語言的Client：

Jedis是官方提供的唯一Redis Client For Java Provider。

<dependency>
<groupId>redis.clients</groupId>
<artifactId>jedis</artifactId>
<version>2.6.2</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
            <groupId>redis.clients</groupId>
            <artifactId>jedis</artifactId>
            <version>2.6.2</version>
        </dependency>

一、Jedis簡單使用

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package cn.slimsmart.redis.demo.jedis;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;
import redis.clients.jedis.Jedis;
@SuppressWarnings(“resource”)
public class JedisTest {
private static final String HASH_KEY = “key”;
public static void main(String[] args) {
Jedis jedis = new Jedis(“192.168.36.189”, 6379);
/**
* 存儲String key-value
*/
jedis.set(HASH_KEY, ”value”);
/**
* 如果已經存在key了，先刪除掉
*/
if (jedis.exists(HASH_KEY)) {
System.out.println(jedis.get(HASH_KEY));
jedis.del(HASH_KEY);
}
/**
* 存入單個key-value
*/
jedis.hset(HASH_KEY, ”username”, “yourUsername”);
/**
* 存入多個key-value鍵值對
*/
Map<String, String> keyValueMap = new HashMap<String, String>();
keyValueMap.put(”password”, “YourPassword”);
keyValueMap.put(”age”, “20”);
jedis.hmset(HASH_KEY, keyValueMap);
/**
* 判斷某個key是否在指定的Hash key中
*/
boolean existsUsernameKey = jedis.hexists(HASH_KEY, “username”);
// true
System.out.println(existsUsernameKey);
/**
* 獲取某個hash中鍵值對的數量
*/
Long len = jedis.hlen(HASH_KEY);
// 3
System.out.println(len);
/**
* 獲取一個hash中的所有key
*/
Set<String> keys = jedis.hkeys(HASH_KEY);
// [password, username, age]
System.out.println(keys);
/**
* 獲取一個hash中的所有values
*/
List<String> values = jedis.hvals(HASH_KEY);
// [yourUsername, YourPassword, 20]
System.out.println(values);
/**
* 獲取指定hash的所有的鍵值對
*/
Map<String, String> allKVMap = jedis.hgetAll(HASH_KEY);
// {username=yourUsername, age=20, password=YourPassword}
System.out.println(allKVMap);
/**
* 從一個hash中獲取某個field的值
*/
String value = jedis.hget(HASH_KEY, ”username”);
// yourUsername
System.out.println(value);
List<String> multValues = jedis.hmget(HASH_KEY, ”username”, “password”);
// [yourUsername, YourPassword]
System.out.println(multValues);
}
}

package cn.slimsmart.redis.demo.jedis;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;

import redis.clients.jedis.Jedis;

@SuppressWarnings("resource")
public class JedisTest {
    private static final String HASH_KEY = "key";

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Jedis jedis = new Jedis("192.168.36.189", 6379);
        /**
         * 存儲String key-value
         */
        jedis.set(HASH_KEY, "value");
        /**
         * 如果已經存在key了，先刪除掉
         */
        if (jedis.exists(HASH_KEY)) {
            System.out.println(jedis.get(HASH_KEY));
            jedis.del(HASH_KEY);
        }

        /**
         * 存入單個key-value
         */
        jedis.hset(HASH_KEY, "username", "yourUsername");

        /**
         * 存入多個key-value鍵值對
         */
        Map<String, String> keyValueMap = new HashMap<String, String>();
        keyValueMap.put("password", "YourPassword");
        keyValueMap.put("age", "20");
        jedis.hmset(HASH_KEY, keyValueMap);

        /**
         * 判斷某個key是否在指定的Hash key中
         */
        boolean existsUsernameKey = jedis.hexists(HASH_KEY, "username");
        // true
        System.out.println(existsUsernameKey);

        /**
         * 獲取某個hash中鍵值對的數量
         */
        Long len = jedis.hlen(HASH_KEY);
        // 3
        System.out.println(len);

        /**
         * 獲取一個hash中的所有key
         */
        Set<String> keys = jedis.hkeys(HASH_KEY);
        // [password, username, age]
        System.out.println(keys);

        /**
         * 獲取一個hash中的所有values
         */
        List<String> values = jedis.hvals(HASH_KEY);
        // [yourUsername, YourPassword, 20]
        System.out.println(values);

        /**
         * 獲取指定hash的所有的鍵值對
         */
        Map<String, String> allKVMap = jedis.hgetAll(HASH_KEY);
        // {username=yourUsername, age=20, password=YourPassword}
        System.out.println(allKVMap);

        /**
         * 從一個hash中獲取某個field的值
         */
        String value = jedis.hget(HASH_KEY, "username");
        // yourUsername
        System.out.println(value);

        List<String> multValues = jedis.hmget(HASH_KEY, "username", "password");
        // [yourUsername, YourPassword]
        System.out.println(multValues);
    }

}

二、連接池的使用

Jedis使用commons-pool完成池化實現。
1.配置文件redis.properties

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redis.pool.maxTotal=10
redis.pool.minIdle=2
redis.pool.maxIdle=10
redis.pool.maxWait=1000
redis.pool.testWhileIdle=true
redis.pool.testOnBorrow=true
redis.pool.testOnReturn=true
#IP
redis.ip=192.168.36.189
#Port
redis.port=6379

redis.pool.maxTotal=10
redis.pool.minIdle=2
redis.pool.maxIdle=10
redis.pool.maxWait=1000
redis.pool.testWhileIdle=true
redis.pool.testOnBorrow=true
redis.pool.testOnReturn=true

IP

redis.ip=192.168.36.189

Port

redis.port=63792.實例代碼

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package cn.slimsmart.redis.demo.jedis;
import java.util.ResourceBundle;
import redis.clients.jedis.Jedis;
import redis.clients.jedis.JedisPool;
import redis.clients.jedis.JedisPoolConfig;
public class JedisPoolTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
ResourceBundle bundle = ResourceBundle.getBundle(”redis”);
if (bundle == null) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException(“[redis.properties] is not found!”);
}
JedisPoolConfig config = new JedisPoolConfig();
config.setMaxTotal(Integer.valueOf(bundle.getString(”redis.pool.maxTotal”)));
config.setMinIdle(Integer.valueOf(bundle.getString(”redis.pool.minIdle”)));
config.setMaxIdle(Integer.valueOf(bundle.getString(”redis.pool.maxIdle”)));
config.setMaxWaitMillis(Long.valueOf(bundle.getString(”redis.pool.maxWait”)));
config.setTestWhileIdle(Boolean.valueOf(bundle.getString(”redis.pool.testWhileIdle”)));
config.setTestOnBorrow(Boolean.valueOf(bundle.getString(”redis.pool.testOnBorrow”)));
config.setTestOnReturn(Boolean.valueOf(bundle.getString(”redis.pool.testOnReturn”)));
JedisPool pool = new JedisPool(config, bundle.getString(“redis.ip”), Integer.valueOf(bundle.getString(“redis.port”)));
// 從池中獲取一個Jedis對象
Jedis jedis = pool.getResource();
String key = ”key”;
// 刪數據
jedis.del(key);
// 存數據
jedis.set(key, ”abc123”);
// 取數據
String value = jedis.get(key);
System.out.println(value);
// 釋放對象池
pool.returnResource(jedis);
}
}

package cn.slimsmart.redis.demo.jedis;

import java.util.ResourceBundle;

import redis.clients.jedis.Jedis;
import redis.clients.jedis.JedisPool;
import redis.clients.jedis.JedisPoolConfig;

public class JedisPoolTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ResourceBundle bundle = ResourceBundle.getBundle("redis");
        if (bundle == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("[redis.properties] is not found!");
        }
        JedisPoolConfig config = new JedisPoolConfig();
        config.setMaxTotal(Integer.valueOf(bundle.getString("redis.pool.maxTotal")));
        config.setMinIdle(Integer.valueOf(bundle.getString("redis.pool.minIdle")));
        config.setMaxIdle(Integer.valueOf(bundle.getString("redis.pool.maxIdle")));
        config.setMaxWaitMillis(Long.valueOf(bundle.getString("redis.pool.maxWait")));
        config.setTestWhileIdle(Boolean.valueOf(bundle.getString("redis.pool.testWhileIdle")));
        config.setTestOnBorrow(Boolean.valueOf(bundle.getString("redis.pool.testOnBorrow")));
        config.setTestOnReturn(Boolean.valueOf(bundle.getString("redis.pool.testOnReturn")));
        JedisPool pool = new JedisPool(config, bundle.getString("redis.ip"), Integer.valueOf(bundle.getString("redis.port")));

        // 從池中獲取一個Jedis對象
        Jedis jedis = pool.getResource();
        String key = "key";
        // 刪數據
        jedis.del(key);
        // 存數據
        jedis.set(key, "abc123");
        // 取數據
        String value = jedis.get(key);
        System.out.println(value);
        // 釋放對象池
        pool.returnResource(jedis);
    }

}

三、一致性哈希

Memcached完全基於分佈式集羣，而Redis是Master-Slave，如果想把Reids，做成集羣模式，無外乎多做幾套Master-Slave，每套Master-Slave完成各自的容災處理，通過Client工具，完成一致性哈希。Memcached是在Server端完成Sharding，Redis只能依靠各個Client做Sharding。在Redis 3.0系列支持Server端Sharding。

shared一致性哈希採用以下方案：
1.Redis服務器節點劃分：將每臺服務器節點採用hash算法劃分爲160個虛擬節點(可以配置劃分權重)
2.將劃分虛擬節點採用TreeMap存儲
3.對每個Redis服務器的物理連接採用LinkedHashMap存儲
4.對Key採用同樣的hash算法，然後從TreeMap獲取大於等於鍵hash值得節點，取最鄰近節點存儲；當key的hash值大於虛擬節點hash值得最大值時，存入第一個虛擬節點
sharded採用的hash算法：MD5和MurmurHash兩種；默認採用64位的MurmurHash算法。

1.配置文件redis.properties

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redis.pool.maxTotal=10
redis.pool.minIdle=2
redis.pool.maxIdle=10
redis.pool.maxWait=1000
redis.pool.testWhileIdle=true
redis.pool.testOnBorrow=true
redis.pool.testOnReturn=true
#IP
redis1.ip=192.168.36.189
redis2.ip=192.168.36.54
#Port
redis.port=6379

redis.pool.maxTotal=10
redis.pool.minIdle=2
redis.pool.maxIdle=10
redis.pool.maxWait=1000
redis.pool.testWhileIdle=true
redis.pool.testOnBorrow=true
redis.pool.testOnReturn=true

IP

redis1.ip=192.168.36.189
redis2.ip=192.168.36.54

Port

redis.port=6379
2.實例代碼

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package cn.slimsmart.redis.demo.jedis;
import java.util.LinkedList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.ResourceBundle;
import redis.clients.jedis.JedisPoolConfig;
import redis.clients.jedis.JedisShardInfo;
import redis.clients.jedis.ShardedJedis;
import redis.clients.jedis.ShardedJedisPool;
public class JedisShardInfoTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
ResourceBundle bundle = ResourceBundle.getBundle(”redis”);
if (bundle == null) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException(“[redis.properties] is not found!”);
}
JedisPoolConfig config = new JedisPoolConfig();
config.setMaxTotal(Integer.valueOf(bundle.getString(”redis.pool.maxTotal”)));
config.setMinIdle(Integer.valueOf(bundle.getString(”redis.pool.minIdle”)));
config.setMaxIdle(Integer.valueOf(bundle.getString(”redis.pool.maxIdle”)));
config.setMaxWaitMillis(Long.valueOf(bundle.getString(”redis.pool.maxWait”)));
config.setTestWhileIdle(Boolean.valueOf(bundle.getString(”redis.pool.testWhileIdle”)));
config.setTestOnBorrow(Boolean.valueOf(bundle.getString(”redis.pool.testOnBorrow”)));
config.setTestOnReturn(Boolean.valueOf(bundle.getString(”redis.pool.testOnReturn”)));
JedisShardInfo jedisShardInfo1 = new JedisShardInfo(bundle.getString(“redis1.ip”), Integer.valueOf(bundle.getString(“redis.port”)));
JedisShardInfo jedisShardInfo2 = new JedisShardInfo(bundle.getString(“redis2.ip”), Integer.valueOf(bundle.getString(“redis.port”)));
List<JedisShardInfo> list = new LinkedList<JedisShardInfo>();
list.add(jedisShardInfo1);
list.add(jedisShardInfo2);
// 初始化ShardedJedisPool代替JedisPool
ShardedJedisPool pool = new ShardedJedisPool(config, list);
// 從池中獲取一個Jedis對象
ShardedJedis jedis = pool.getResource();
String keys = ”key”;
String value = ”abc123”;
// 刪數據
jedis.del(keys);
// 存數據
jedis.set(keys, value);
// 取數據
String v = jedis.get(keys);
System.out.println(v);
// 釋放對象池
pool.returnResource(jedis);
}
}

package cn.slimsmart.redis.demo.jedis;

import java.util.LinkedList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.ResourceBundle;

import redis.clients.jedis.JedisPoolConfig;
import redis.clients.jedis.JedisShardInfo;
import redis.clients.jedis.ShardedJedis;
import redis.clients.jedis.ShardedJedisPool;

public class JedisShardInfoTest {

public static void main(String[] args) {
    ResourceBundle bundle = ResourceBundle.getBundle("redis");
    if (bundle == null) {
        throw new IllegalArgumentException("[redis.properties] is not found!");
    }
    JedisPoolConfig config = new JedisPoolConfig();
    config.setMaxTotal(Integer.valueOf(bundle.getString("redis.pool.maxTotal")));
    config.setMinIdle(Integer.valueOf(bundle.getString("redis.pool.minIdle")));
    config.setMaxIdle(Integer.valueOf(bundle.getString("redis.pool.maxIdle")));
    config.setMaxWaitMillis(Long.valueOf(bundle.getString("redis.pool.maxWait")));
    config.setTestWhileIdle(Boolean.valueOf(bundle.getString("redis.pool.testWhileIdle")));
    config.setTestOnBorrow(Boolean.valueOf(bundle.getString("redis.pool.testOnBorrow")));
    config.setTestOnReturn(Boolean.valueOf(bundle.getString("redis.pool.testOnReturn")));

    JedisShardInfo jedisShardInfo1 = new JedisShardInfo(bundle.getString("redis1.ip"), Integer.valueOf(bundle.getString("redis.port")));
    JedisShardInfo jedisShardInfo2 = new JedisShardInfo(bundle.getString("redis2.ip"), Integer.valueOf(bundle.getString("redis.port")));
    List&lt;JedisShardInfo&gt; list = new LinkedList&lt;JedisShardInfo&gt;();
    list.add(jedisShardInfo1);
    list.add(jedisShardInfo2);
    // 初始化ShardedJedisPool代替JedisPool
    ShardedJedisPool pool = new ShardedJedisPool(config, list);  
    // 從池中獲取一個Jedis對象
    ShardedJedis jedis = pool.getResource();
    String keys = "key";
    String value = "abc123";
    // 刪數據
    jedis.del(keys);
    // 存數據
    jedis.set(keys, value);
    // 取數據
    String v = jedis.get(keys);
    System.out.println(v);
    // 釋放對象池
    pool.returnResource(jedis);
}

}

通過以上方式，向redis進行set操作的key-value，會通過hash而均勻的分配到pool裏的redis機器中。

四、Spring集成

如果有必要，可以用Spring封裝初始化。

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<context:property-placeholder location=“classpath:redis.properties” />
<bean
id=“jedisPoolConfig”
class=“redis.clients.jedis.JedisPoolConfig”>
<property
name=“maxTotal”
value=“ ${redis.pool.maxTotal}" /> </li><li class=""> <property </li><li class="alt"> name="minIdle" </li><li class=""> value="$ {redis.pool.minIdle}” />
<property
name=“maxIdle”
value=“ ${redis.pool.maxIdle}" /> </li><li class=""> <property </li><li class="alt"> name="maxWait" </li><li class=""> value="$ {redis.pool.maxWait}” />
<property
name=“testWhileIdle”
value=“ ${redis.pool.testWhileIdle}" /> </li><li class=""> <property </li><li class="alt"> name="testOnBorrow" </li><li class=""> value="$ {redis.pool.testOnBorrow}” />
<property
name=“testOnReturn”
value=“ ${redis.pool.testOnReturn}" /> </li><li class=""></bean> </li><li class="alt"><bean </li><li class=""> id="shardedJedisPool" </li><li class="alt"> class="redis.clients.jedis.ShardedJedisPool"> </li><li class=""> <constructor-arg </li><li class="alt"> index="0" </li><li class=""> ref="jedisPoolConfig" /> </li><li class="alt"> <constructor-arg index="1"> </li><li class=""> <list> </li><li class="alt"> <bean class="redis.clients.jedis.JedisShardInfo"> </li><li class=""> <constructor-arg </li><li class="alt"> index="0" </li><li class=""> value="$ {redis1.ip}” />
<constructor-arg
index=“1”
value=“ ${redis.port}" </li><li class=""> type="int" /> </li><li class="alt"> </bean> </li><li class=""> <bean class="redis.clients.jedis.JedisShardInfo"> </li><li class="alt"> <constructor-arg </li><li class=""> index="0" </li><li class="alt"> value="$ {redis2.ip}” />
<constructor-arg
index=“1”
value=“${redis.port}”
type=“int” />
</bean>
</list>
</constructor-arg>
</bean>

<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:redis.properties" /> 

<bean 

    id="jedisPoolConfig" 

    class="redis.clients.jedis.JedisPoolConfig"> 

    <property 

        name="maxTotal" 

        value="${redis.pool.maxTotal}" /> 

    <property 

        name="minIdle" 

        value="${redis.pool.minIdle}" /> 

    <property 

        name="maxIdle" 

        value="${redis.pool.maxIdle}" /> 

    <property 

        name="maxWait" 

        value="${redis.pool.maxWait}" /> 

    <property 

        name="testWhileIdle" 

        value="${redis.pool.testWhileIdle}" /> 

    <property 

        name="testOnBorrow" 

        value="${redis.pool.testOnBorrow}" /> 

    <property 

        name="testOnReturn" 

        value="${redis.pool.testOnReturn}" /> 

</bean> 

<bean 

    id="shardedJedisPool" 

    class="redis.clients.jedis.ShardedJedisPool"> 

    <constructor-arg 

        index="0" 

        ref="jedisPoolConfig" /> 

    <constructor-arg index="1"> 

        <list> 

            <bean class="redis.clients.jedis.JedisShardInfo"> 

                <constructor-arg 

                    index="0" 

                    value="${redis1.ip}" /> 

                <constructor-arg 

                    index="1" 

                    value="${redis.port}" 

                    type="int" /> 

            </bean> 

            <bean class="redis.clients.jedis.JedisShardInfo"> 

                <constructor-arg 

                    index="0" 

                    value="${redis2.ip}" /> 

                <constructor-arg 

                    index="1" 

                    value="${redis.port}" 

                    type="int" /> 

            </bean> 

        </list> 

    </constructor-arg> 

</bean>

當然，Spring提供了對於Redis的專門支持：spring-data-redis。

Redis客戶端之Jedis

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IP

Port

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