如何让Android支持C++异常机制
Android不支持C++异常机制,如果需要用到的话,则需要在编译的时候加入比较完整的C++库.
Android支持的C++库可以在Android NDK中找到(解压后找到libsupc++.a放到代码环境中即可):
http://www.crystax.net/en/android/ndk/7
编译时加上参数:
-fexceptions -lstdc++
还需要将libsupc++.a链接上
移植live555到Android的例子
https://github.com/boltonli/ohbee/tree/master/android/streamer/jni
RTSP协议
参考: rfc2326, rfc3550, rfc3984
RTP Header结构[#0]
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0
1 2 3 0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+|V=2|P|X|
CC |M| PT | sequence number |+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+|
timestamp |+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+|
synchronization source (SSRC) identifier |+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+|
contributing source (CSRC) identifiers ||
.... |+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ |
H.264视频格式
参考: rfc3984, 『H.264中的NAL技术』, 『H.264 NAL层解析』
ACC音频格式
参考: ISO_IEC_13818-7.pdf
live555架构分析
0 总述
0.1 这里主要以H264+ACC为基础作介绍
0.2 live555中的demo说明，RTSP服务端为live555MediaServer，openRTSP为调试用客户端。
0.3 可以在live555中实现一个trace_bin的函数跟踪流媒体数据的处理过程。
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void trace_bin(const unsigned
char *bytes_ptr,
int bytes_num){ #define
LOG_LINE_BYTES 16 int i,
j; for (i
= 0; i <= bytes_num / LOG_LINE_BYTES; i++) { for (j
= 0; j
< ( (i < (bytes_num / LOG_LINE_BYTES)) ?
LOG_LINE_BYTES :
(bytes_num % LOG_LINE_BYTES) ); j++) { if (0
== j) printf("%04d
",
i * LOG_LINE_BYTES); if (LOG_LINE_BYTES/2
== j) printf("
"); printf("
%02x",
bytes_ptr[i * LOG_LINE_BYTES + j]); } printf("\n"); }} |
1 宏观流程
1.1 对每个播放请求建立一个session，并对应音视频建立subsession,subsession则是具体处理流媒体的单位。
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------------------------------------------------------[#1]--session
<---> client requst |subsession
<---> audio/video------------------------------------------------------------ |
1.2 数据处理流程:
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------------------------------------------------------[#2]--source
--> filter(source) ... --> sink|
| |+-------+-------------------+
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v v
subsession.createNewRTPSink()subsession.createNewStreamSource()------------------------------------------------------------ |
1.3 BasicTaskScheduler::SingleStep()
BasicTaskScheduler是live555的任务处理器，他的主要工作都是在SingleStep()中完成的.
在SingleStep()中主要完成下面三种工作:
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void BasicTaskScheduler::SingleStep(unsigned
maxDelayTime) { //1.
处理io任务 ... int selectResult
= select(fMaxNumSockets, &readSet, &writeSet, &exceptionSet,
&tv_timeToDelay); ... while ((handler
= iter.next()) != NULL) { ... (*handler->handlerProc)(handler->clientData,
resultConditionSet); break; } ... //2.
handle any newly-triggered event ... //3.
handle any delayed event fDelayQueue.handleAlarm();} |
RTSP请求、链接建立、开始播放处理主要是在1中完成的，而视频播放主要是在3中完成。
以ACC播放为例：
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void ADTSAudioFileSource::doGetNextFrame()
{ //
读取数据并做一些简单处理 ... int numBytesRead
= fread(fTo,
1, numBytesToRead, fFid); ... //
将FramedSource::afterGetting加入fDelayQueue中 //
FramedSource::afterGetting会处理读取到数据，并又会调用 //
ADTSAudioFileSource::doGetNextFrame()，这样实现循环读取文件。 nextTask()
= envir().taskScheduler().scheduleDelayedTask(0, (TaskFunc*)FramedSource::afterGetting,
this);} |
1.4 DelayQueue
fDelayQueue是一个需要处理的任务的队列，每次SingleStep()只会执行第一个任务head()，这里的任务对应DelayQueue的元素，DelayQueue的各个元素都会有自己的DelayTime，用来表示延时多久后执行。而队列中的元素便是按照DelayTime有小到大排列的，元素中fDeltaTimeRemaining记录的是该元素相对于它之前元素的延时。参照函数DelayQueue::addEntry()便可看出是如何入队列的。
例如([]中的数字便是相对延时(fDeltaTimeRemaining))：
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[0]->[1]->[3]->[2]->...->[1]->NULL ^ |head() |
在处理DelayQueue时往往都要先做一次计时同步操作synchronize()，因为DelayQueue中元素的延时都是相对的，所以一般只要处理首元素即可，不过如果同步之后延时有小于0的，便都会改为DELAY_ZERO(即表示需要立即执行的)。
执行任务：
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void DelayQueue::handleAlarm()
{ ... toRemove->handleTimeout();}void AlarmHandler::handleTimeout()
{ (*fProc)(fClientData); DelayQueueEntry::handleTimeout();} |
任务在处理完成后便会被删除。
2 类关系
* live555的流程分析主要就放在这个章节中，如果有需要参考函数关系或者对象关系的请参考3, 4两个章节。
2.1 涉及到的主要类的关系图:
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------------------------------------------------------[#3]--Medium +ServerMediaSubsession |
+OnDemandServerMediaSubsession |
+FileServerMediaSubsession |
+H264VideoFileServerMediaSubsession //h264 |
+ADTSAudioFileServerMediaSubsession //aac | +MediaSink |
+RTPSink |
+MultiFramedRTPSink |
+VideoRTPSink |
| +H264VideoRTPSink //h264 |
+MPEG4GenericRTPSink //aac | +MediaSource +FramedSource
//+doGetNextFrame();
+fAfterGettingFunc; +FramedFilter |
+H264FUAFragmenter //h264 |
+MPEGVideoStreamFramer |
+H264VideoStreamFramer //h264 +FramedFileSource +ByteStreamFileSource
//h264 +ADTSAudioFileSource
//accStreamParser +MPEGVideoStreamParser +H264VideoStreamParser
//h264------------------------------------------------------------ |
我们看下FramedFilter和FramedFileSource相对于FramedSource增加了哪些成员:
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FramedFilter
{ FramedSource*
fInputSource;}FramedFileSource
{ FILE*
fFid;} |
从两者的命名和增加的成员可以看出各自的作用。FramedFilter便是对应着[#2]中的filter，而FramedFileSource则是以本地文件为输入的source。
2.2 如何实现带有filter流程:
这便用到了FramedFilter中的fInputSource成员，以H264为例，
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H264VideoStreamFramer.fInputSource
= ByteStreamFileSource; H264FUAFragmenter.fInputSource
= H264VideoStreamFramer; |
将上游source赋值到下游filter的fInputSource即可，对于H264便可以得到下面的一个处理流程:
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ByteStreamFileSource
-> H264VideoStreamFramer -> H264FUAFragmenter -> H264VideoRTPSink |
在H264VideoStreamFramer的父类MPEGVideoStreamFramer中也有新增成员，
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MPEGVideoStreamFramer
{ MPEGVideoStreamParser*
fParser; }MPEGVideoStreamFramer.fParser
= H264VideoStreamParser; |
H264VideoStreamParser是用来filter过程中处理视频数据的。
在MultiFramedRTPSink::buildAndSendPacket()中添加RTP头[#0]。
3 函数关系
3.1 H264函数调用关系
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------------------------------------------------------[#4]--
RTSPServer::RTSPClientSession::handleCmd_SETUP()
OnDemandServerMediaSubsession::getStreamParameters(
streamToken:
new StreamState( fMediaSource:
H264VideoFileServerMediaSubsession::createNewStreamSource() ) )**********
RTSPServer::RTSPClientSession::handleCmd_DESCRIBE()
ServerMediaSession::generateSDPDescription()
OnDemandServerMediaSubsession::sdpLines()
H264VideoFileServerMediaSubsession::createNewStreamSource()
H264VideoStreamFramer::createNew(
fInputSource: ByteStreamFileSource::createNew(), fParser:
new H264VideoStreamParser( fInputSource:
H264VideoStreamFramer.fInputSource) )**********
RTSPServer::RTSPClientSession::handleCmd_PLAY()
H264VideoFileServerMediaSubsession::startStream()
[OnDemandServerMediaSubsession::startStream()] StreamState::startPlaying()
H264VideoRTPSink::startPlaying()
[MediaSink::startPlaying(fMediaSource)]//got
in handleCmd_SETUP()H264VideoRTPSink::continuePlaying()
fSource,
fOurFragmenter: H264FUAFragmenter(fInputSource: fMediaSource) MultiFramedRTPSink::continuePlaying()
MultiFramedRTPSink::buildAndSendPacket()
MultiFramedRTPSink::packFrame()
H264FUAFragmenter::getNextFrame()
[FramedSource::getNextFrame()] H264FUAFragmenter::doGetNextFrame()
{1} 1)=No
NALU= H264VideoStreamFramer::getNextFrame()
[FramedSource::getNextFrame()] MPEGVideoStreamFramer::doGetNextFrame()
H264VideoStreamParser::registerReadInterest()
MPEGVideoStreamFramer::continueReadProcessing()
H264VideoStreamParser::parse()
H264VideoStreamFramer::afterGetting()
[FramedSource::afterGetting()] H264FUAFragmenter::afterGettingFrame()
H264FUAFragmenter::afterGettingFrame1()
goto {1}
//Now
we have got NALU 2)=Has
NALU= FramedSource::afterGetting()
MultiFramedRTPSink::afterGettingFrame()
MultiFramedRTPSink::afterGettingFrame1()
MultiFramedRTPSink::sendPacketIfNecessary()
------------------------------------------------------------ |
4 对象关系
4.1 H264对象关系图
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------------------------------------------------------[#5]--
ServerMediaSession{#1}.fSubsessionsTail
= H264VideoFileServerMediaSubsession{2}.fParentSession = {1} fStreamStates[]
{ .subsession
= {2} .streamToken
= StreamState { .fMaster
= {2} .fRTPSink
= H264VideoRTPSink{5}.fSource/fOurFragmenter =
H264FUAFragmenter{4} { .fInputSource
= H264VideoStreamFramer{3} .fAfterGettingFunc
= MultiFramedRTPSink::afterGettingFrame() .fAfterGettingClientData
= {5} .fOnCloseFunc
= MultiFramedRTPSink::ourHandleClosure() .fOnCloseClientData
= {5} }
.fMediaSource
= {3} { .fParser
= H264VideoStreamParser { .fInputSource
= ByteStreamFileSource{6} .fTo
= [{5}.]fOutBuf->curPtr() }
.fInputSource
= {6} .fAfterGettingFunc
= H264FUAFragmenter::afterGettingFrame() .fAfterGettingClientData
= {4} .fOnCloseFunc
= FramedSource::handleClosure() .fOnCloseClientData
= {4} }
}
}
------------------------------------------------------------ |
4.2 AAC对象关系图
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------------------------------------------------------[#6]--
ServerMediaSession{1}.fSubsessionsTail
= ADTSAudioFileServerMediaSubsession{2}.fParentSession = {1} fStreamStates[]
{ .subsession
= {2} .streamToken
= StreamState { .fMaster
= {2} .fRTPSink
= MPEG4GenericRTPSink { .fOutBuf
= OutPacketBuffer .fSource
= ADTSAudioFileSource {3} .fRTPInterface
= RTPInterface.fGS = Groupsock }
.fMediaSource
= {3} }
}
------------------------------------------------------------ |
5 RTSP
5.1 RTSP命令和处理函数的对应关系:
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RTSP命令
live555中处理函数 ---------------------------------------------
OPTIONS
<---> handleCmd_OPTIONS DESCRIBE
<---> handleCmd_DESCRIBE SETUP
<---> handleCmd_SETUP PLAY
<---> handleCmd_PLAY PAUSE
<---> handleCmd_PAUSE TEARDOWN
<---> handleCmd_TEARDOWN GET_PARAMETER
<---> handleCmd_GET_PARAMETER SET_PARAMETER
<---> handleCmd_SET_PARAMETER |
5.2 RTSP播放交互示例(openRTSP)
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ubuntu$
./openRTSP rtsp://192.168.43.1/grandma.264
Opening
connection to 192.168.43.1, port 554... ...remote
connection opened Sending
request: OPTIONS rtsp://192.168.43.1/grandma.264
RTSP/1.0 CSeq:
2 User-Agent:
./openRTSP (LIVE555 Streaming Media v2012.02.29)Received
152 new bytes
of response data. Received
a complete OPTIONS response: RTSP/1.0
200 OK CSeq:
2 Date:
Tue, Jan 25 2011 21:02:53 GMT Public:
OPTIONS, DESCRIBE, SETUP, TEARDOWN, PLAY, PAUSE, GET_PARAMETER, SET_PARAMETER--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Sending
request: DESCRIBE rtsp://192.168.43.1/grandma.264
RTSP/1.0 CSeq:
3 User-Agent:
./openRTSP (LIVE555 Streaming Media v2012.02.29) Accept:
application/sdpReceived
682 new bytes
of response data. Received
a complete DESCRIBE response: RTSP/1.0
200 OK CSeq:
3 Date:
Tue, Jan 25 2011 21:02:53 GMT Content-Base:
rtsp://192.168.43.1/grandma.264/
Content-Type:
application/sdp Content-Length:
517v=0
o=-
1295989373493698 1 IN IP4 0.0.0.0 s=H.264
Video, streamed by the LIVE555 Media Server i=grandma.264
t=0
0 a=tool:LIVE555
Streaming Media v2012.02.04 a=type:broadcast
a=control:*
a=range:npt=0-
a=x-qt-text-nam:H.264
Video, streamed by the LIVE555 Media Server a=x-qt-text-inf:grandma.264
m=video
0 RTP/AVP 96 c=IN
IP4 0.0.0.0 b=AS:500
a=rtpmap:96
H264/90000 a=fmtp:96
packetization-mode=1;profile-level-id=4D4033;sprop-parameter-sets=Z01AM5p0FidCAAADAAIAAAMAZR4wZUA=,aO48gA==
a=control:track1v=0
o=-
1295989373493698 1 IN IP4 0.0.0.0 s=H.264
Video, streamed by the LIVE555 Media Server i=grandma.264
t=0
0 a=tool:LIVE555
Streaming Media v2012.02.04 a=type:broadcast
a=control:*
a=range:npt=0-
a=x-qt-text-nam:H.264
Video, streamed by the LIVE555 Media Server a=x-qt-text-inf:grandma.264
m=video
0 RTP/AVP 96 c=IN
IP4 0.0.0.0 b=AS:500
a=rtpmap:96
H264/90000 a=fmtp:96
packetization-mode=1;profile-level-id=4D4033;sprop-parameter-sets=Z01AM5p0FidCAAADAAIAAAMAZR4wZUA=,aO48gA==
a=control:track1Created
receiver for "video/H264" subsession
(client ports 56488-56489)--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Sending
request: SETUP rtsp://192.168.43.1/grandma.264/track1
RTSP/1.0 CSeq:
4 User-Agent:
./openRTSP (LIVE555 Streaming Media v2012.02.29) Transport:
RTP/AVP;unicast;client_port=56488-56489Received
205 new bytes
of response data. Received
a complete SETUP response: RTSP/1.0
200 OK CSeq:
4 Date:
Tue, Jan 25 2011 21:02:53 GMT Transport:
RTP/AVP;unicast;destination=192.168.43.244;source=192.168.43.1;client_port=56488-56489;server_port=6970-6971
Session:
7626020DSetup
"video/H264" subsession
(client ports 56488-56489) Created
output file: "video-H264-1"--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Sending
request: PLAY rtsp://192.168.43.1/grandma.264/
RTSP/1.0 CSeq:
5 User-Agent:
./openRTSP (LIVE555 Streaming Media v2012.02.29) Session:
7626020D Range:
npt=0.000-Received
186 new bytes
of response data. Received
a complete PLAY response: RTSP/1.0
200 OK CSeq:
5 Date:
Tue, Jan 25 2011 21:02:53 GMT Range:
npt=0.000- Session:
7626020D RTP-Info:
url=rtsp://192.168.43.1/grandma.264/track1;seq=26490;rtptime=1809652062Started
playing session Receiving
streamed data (signal with
"kill
-HUP 6297" or
"kill
-USR1 6297" to
terminate)... Received
RTCP "BYE" on
"video/H264" subsession
(after 35 seconds)--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Sending
request: TEARDOWN rtsp://192.168.43.1/grandma.264/
RTSP/1.0 CSeq:
6 User-Agent:
./openRTSP (LIVE555 Streaming Media v2012.02.29) Session:
7626020DReceived
65 new bytes
of response data. Received
a complete TEARDOWN response: RTSP/1.0
200 OK CSeq:
6 Date:
Tue, Jan 25 2011 21:03:28 GMT -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |