Android基礎（八）多媒體相關

程序如何運行到手機上

 

一般設置內，找到開發者選項，打開USB調試，USB安裝即可

 

關於小米手機的開發者選項問題，我的設備，全部參數，MIUI版本多次點擊即可將隱藏的開發者選項顯示

 

通知（Notification）

 

基本使用

package www.yfg.com.notificationtest;

import android.app.Notification;
import android.app.NotificationManager;
import android.app.PendingIntent;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;
import android.support.v4.app.NotificationCompat;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener {
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        Button button = findViewById(R.id.send_notice);
        button.setOnClickListener(this);
    }

    @Override
    public void onClick(View view) {
        switch (view.getId()){
            case R.id.send_notice:
                //實現跳轉，PendingIntent可簡單理解延遲執行的Intent
                Intent intent = new Intent(this,NoDetailActivity.class);
                PendingIntent pendingIntent = PendingIntent.getActivity(this,0,intent,0);

                NotificationManager manager = (NotificationManager) getSystemService(NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
                //創建通知
                Notification notification = new NotificationCompat.Builder(this)
                        //設置標題、內容等
                        .setContentTitle("title")
                        .setContentText("content")
                        .setWhen(System.currentTimeMillis())
                        .setSmallIcon(R.mipmap.ic_launcher)
                        .setLargeIcon(BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(),R.mipmap.ic_launcher))
                        //設置跳轉
                        .setContentIntent(pendingIntent)
                        //自動取消通知
//                        .setAutoCancel(true)
                        .build();
                manager.notify(1,notification);
                break;
                default:
                    break;
        }
    }
}

 

更多使用，實現聲音、震動、閃光燈效果，風格，優先級等，即設置不同的屬性，詳情api這裏不意義列舉了（後期可能完善）

 

調用攝像頭和相冊（重點）

所有代碼

package www.yfg.com.cameraalbumtest;

import android.Manifest;
import android.annotation.TargetApi;
import android.content.ContentUris;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.database.Cursor;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Build;
import android.os.StrictMode;
import android.provider.DocumentsContract;
import android.provider.MediaStore;
import android.support.annotation.NonNull;
import android.support.annotation.Nullable;
import android.support.v4.app.ActivityCompat;
import android.support.v4.content.ContextCompat;
import android.support.v4.content.FileProvider;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.Switch;
import android.widget.Toast;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener {

    private Button takePhoto;
    private Button choosePhoto;
    private ImageView picture;
    public static final int TAKE_PHOTO = 1;
    public static final int CHOOSE_PHOTO = 2;
    private Uri imgUri;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        // android 7.0系統解決拍照的問題
        StrictMode.VmPolicy.Builder builder = new StrictMode.VmPolicy.Builder();
        StrictMode.setVmPolicy(builder.build());
        builder.detectFileUriExposure();
        takePhoto = findViewById(R.id.take_photo);
        picture = findViewById(R.id.picture);
        choosePhoto = findViewById(R.id.choose_photo);
        takePhoto.setOnClickListener(this);
        picture.setOnClickListener(this);
        choosePhoto.setOnClickListener(this);
    }

    @Override
    public void onClick(View view) {
        switch (view.getId()) {
            case R.id.take_photo:
                //創建File對象，用於保存存儲照片後的圖片
                File outputImage = new File(getExternalCacheDir(), "output_img.jpg");
                try {
                    if (outputImage.exists()) {
                        outputImage.delete();
                    }
                    outputImage.createNewFile();
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
                if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT > 24) {
                    imgUri = FileProvider.getUriForFile(MainActivity.this, MainActivity.this.getPackageName() + ".fileprovider", outputImage);
                } else {
                    imgUri = Uri.fromFile(outputImage);
                }
                //啓動相機程序
                Intent intent = new Intent("android.media.action.IMAGE_CAPTURE");
                intent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, imgUri);
                startActivityForResult(intent, TAKE_PHOTO);

                break;
            case R.id.choose_photo:
                if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(MainActivity.this, Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                    ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(MainActivity.this, new String[]{Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE}, 1);
                } else {
                    //打開相冊
                    openAlbum();
                }
                break;
            default:
                break;

        }
    }

    private void openAlbum() {
        Intent intent = new Intent("android.intent.action.GET_CONTENT");
        intent.setType("image/*");
        startActivityForResult(intent, CHOOSE_PHOTO);
    }

    @Override
    protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, @Nullable Intent data) {
        switch (requestCode) {
            case TAKE_PHOTO:
                if (resultCode == RESULT_OK) {
                    try {
                        //將拍攝的照片顯示出來
                        Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(getContentResolver().openInputStream(imgUri));
                        picture.setImageBitmap(bitmap);
                    } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }
                break;
            case CHOOSE_PHOTO:
                if (resultCode == RESULT_OK) {
                    //判斷手機版本號
                    if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT > 19) {
                        //4.4以上
                        handleImageOnKitKat(data);
                    } else {
                        //4.4以下
                        handleImageBeforeKitKat(data);
                    }
                }
                break;
            default:
                break;
        }
    }

    private void handleImageBeforeKitKat(Intent data) {
        Uri uri = data.getData();
        String imagePath = uri.getPath();
        display(imagePath);
    }

    @TargetApi(19)
    private void handleImageOnKitKat(Intent data) {
        String imagePath = null;
        Uri uri = data.getData();
        if (DocumentsContract.isDocumentUri(MainActivity.this, uri)) {
            //如果是document類型的uri
            String docId = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);
            if ("com.android.providers.media.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority())) {
                String id = docId.split(":")[1];//解析數字格式的id
                String selection = MediaStore.Images.Media._ID + "=" + id;
                imagePath = getImagePath(MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI, selection);
            } else if ("com.android.providers.downloads.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority())) {
                Uri contentUri = ContentUris.withAppendedId(Uri.parse("content://downloads/public_downloads"), Long.valueOf(docId));
                imagePath = getImagePath(contentUri, null);
            }
        } else if ("content".equalsIgnoreCase(uri.getScheme())) {
            //如果是content類型的，普通方式處理
            imagePath = getImagePath(uri, null);
        } else if ("file".equalsIgnoreCase(uri.getScheme())) {
            //如果是file類型的，直接獲得路徑即可
            imagePath = uri.getPath();
        }
        display(imagePath);
    }

    private void display(String imagePath) {
        if (imagePath != null) {
            Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeFile(imagePath);
            picture.setImageBitmap(bitmap);
        } else {
            Toast.makeText(this, "deebudaotup", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }
    }

    private String getImagePath(Uri uri, String selection) {
        String path = null;
        //通過uri和selection獲取圖片真實路徑
        Cursor cursor = getContentResolver().query(uri, null, selection, null, null);
        if (cursor != null) {
            if (cursor.moveToFirst()) {
                path = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA));
            }
            cursor.close();
        }
        return path;
    }

    @Override
    public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
        switch (requestCode) {
            case 1:
                if (grantResults.length > 0 && grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                    openAlbum();
                } else {
                    Toast.makeText(this, "沒有權限", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                }
                break;
            default:
                break;
        }
    }
}

思路：

一般拍照，我們這裏使用了MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT，避開了權限的申請，這點需要注意一下

相冊的調用，判斷權限，打開相冊，重點是對圖片路徑的處理

播放音頻

平時用的少，暫且忽略，後期可能補上

播放視頻

平時用的少，暫且忽略，後期可能補上