鏡像倉庫
將 docker 鏡像倉庫更換爲阿里雲鏡像，Ubuntu、CentOS 可以按照如下命令操作。更多操作系統支持參考阿里雲文檔
sudo mkdir -p /etc/docker
sudo tee /etc/docker/daemon.json <<-'EOF'
{
"registry-mirrors": ["https://tatggrb0.mirror.aliyuncs.com"]
}
EOF
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl restart docker
鏡像
1、拉取 docker 鏡像
[root@iZ2ze6ogddtzz4dzyy00xwZ ~]# docker pull ubuntu:18.04
18.04: Pulling from library/ubuntu
7ddbc47eeb70: Pull complete
c1bbdc448b72: Pull complete
8c3b70e39044: Pull complete
45d437916d57: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:6e9f67fa63b0323e9a1e587fd71c561ba48a034504fb804fd26fd8800039835d
Status: Downloaded newer image for ubuntu:18.04
docker.io/library/ubuntu:18.04
2、查看 docker 鏡像
[root@iZ2ze6ogddtzz4dzyy00xwZ ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
ubuntu 16.04 56bab49eef2e 38 hours ago 123MB
ubuntu 14.04 d5e7f166b406 38 hours ago 197MB
ubuntu 19.10 09604a62a001 5 weeks ago 72.9MB
hello-world latest fce289e99eb9 11 months ago 1.84kB
ubuntu 15.04 d1b55fd07600 3 years ago 131MB
3、刪除鏡像
[root@iZ2ze6ogddtzz4dzyy00xwZ ~]# docker rmi d5e7f166b406
Untagged: ubuntu:14.04
Untagged: ubuntu@sha256:97466d028ec511ae16b66e0c9caa5d178c44b6ca6833e73c4a1edd369ddac901
Deleted: sha256:d5e7f166b406dc46c2c0e2e67577a391f35d2fa88c5ee840266c1c59f0702f8f
Deleted: sha256:bed446a0fbb0eddaf9922561bb02521d025fc13679a692cf861deeaee2519398
Deleted: sha256:68256d97a5669b5bcb6ca8066b759aa51de24b6706ecd0d083e784bb1c48d61d
Deleted: sha256:f3e5b349e3053988f578ebb41276d87adbcf67f7ba3ff3cee1a8cab5a34e3181
4、搜索鏡像
[root@iZ2ze6ogddtzz4dzyy00xwZ ~]# docker search java
NAME DESCRIPTION STARS OFFICIAL AUTOMATED
node Node.js is a JavaScript-based platform for s… 8145 [OK]
tomcat Apache Tomcat is an open source implementati… 2573 [OK]
openjdk OpenJDK is an open-source implementation of … 2008 [OK]
java Java is a concurrent, class-based, and objec… 1976 [OK]
ghost Ghost is a free and open source blogging pla… 1066 [OK]
jetty Jetty provides a Web server and javax.servle… 320 [OK]
groovy Apache Groovy is a multi-faceted language fo… 81 [OK]
lwieske/java-8 Oracle Java 8 Container - Full + Slim - Base… 45 [OK]
nimmis/java-centos This is docker images of CentOS 7 with diffe… 42 [OK]
fabric8/java-jboss-openjdk8-jdk Fabric8 Java Base Image (JBoss, OpenJDK 8) 28 [OK]
frekele/java docker run --rm --name java frekele/java 12 [OK]
blacklabelops/java Java Base Images. 8 [OK]
bitnami/java Bitnami Java Docker Image 5 [OK]
cloudbees/java-with-docker-client Java image with Docker client installed, use… 4 [OK]
rightctrl/java Oracle Java 3 [OK]
zoran/java10-sjre Slim Docker image based on AlpineLinux with … 2 [OK]
dwolla/java Dwolla’s custom Java image 1 [OK]
buildo/java8-wkhtmltopdf Java 8 + wkhtmltopdf 1 [OK]
cfje/java-buildpack Java Buildpack CI Image 1
cfje/java-resource Java Concourse Resource 1
cfje/java-test-applications Java Test Applications CI Image 1
jelastic/javaengine An image of the Java Engine server maintaine… 0
cfje/java-buildpack-dependency-builder Java Buildpack Dependencies Builder Image 0
cfje/java-buildpack-memory-calculator Java Buildpack Memory Calculator CI Image 0
thingswise/java-docker Java + dcd 0 [OK]
5、構建鏡像
在Dockerfile文件的所在路徑執行如下命令，-t 指定鏡像名稱，末尾的點標識 Dockerfile 文件的路徑。
docker build -t imageName:tag .
容器
1、運行容器
[root@iZ2ze6ogddtzz4dzyy00xwZ ~]# docker run -it ubuntu:19.10
root@fad4c851e732:/#
2、查看運行的容器
[root@iZ2ze6ogddtzz4dzyy00xwZ ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
fad4c851e732 ubuntu:19.10 "/bin/bash" About an hour ago Up About an hour wonderful_roentgen
3、查看所有的容器
[root@iZ2ze6ogddtzz4dzyy00xwZ ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
fad4c851e732 ubuntu:19.10 "/bin/bash" About an hour ago Exited (0) 5 seconds ago wonderful_roentgen
2b18b881a53c hello-world "/hello" 32 hours ago Exited (0) 32 hours ago laughing_margulis
4、重新進入容器
[root@iZ2ze6ogddtzz4dzyy00xwZ ~]# docker attach fad4c851e732
root@fad4c851e732:/home/software/apache/hadoop#
5、將一個已經終止的容器運行起來
[root@iZ2ze6ogddtzz4dzyy00xwZ ~]# docker start fad4c851e732
fad4c851e732
[root@iZ2ze6ogddtzz4dzyy00xwZ ~]#
6、終止容器
[root@iZ2ze6ogddtzz4dzyy00xwZ ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
3b395bf32944 ubuntu:hadoop "/bin/bash" About a minute ago Up About a minute goofy_brahmagupta
fad4c851e732 ubuntu:19.10 "/bin/bash" 2 hours ago Up 12 minutes wonderful_roentgen
2b18b881a53c hello-world "/hello" 33 hours ago Exited (0) 33 hours ago laughing_margulis
root@iZ2ze6ogddtzz4dzyy00xwZ ~]# docker stop 3b395bf32944
3b395bf32944
7、刪除容器
[root@iZ2ze6ogddtzz4dzyy00xwZ ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
3b395bf32944 ubuntu:hadoop "/bin/bash" About a minute ago Up About a minute goofy_brahmagupta
fad4c851e732 ubuntu:19.10 "/bin/bash" 2 hours ago Up 12 minutes wonderful_roentgen
2b18b881a53c hello-world "/hello" 33 hours ago Exited (0) 33 hours ago laughing_margulis
[root@iZ2ze6ogddtzz4dzyy00xwZ ~]# docker rm 3b395bf32944
3b395bf32944
[root@iZ2ze6ogddtzz4dzyy00xwZ ~]#
8、創建容器時設置名稱
[root@iZ2ze6ogddtzz4dzyy00xwZ ~]# docker run -d --name hadoop_master ubuntu:hadoop
9、重命名容器
[root@iZ2ze6ogddtzz4dzyy00xwZ ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
9d52a5a8f11e ubuntu:hadoop "/bin/bash" 3 minutes ago Up 3 minutes ecstatic_archimedes
abbd553e65ae ubuntu:hadoop "/bin/bash" 4 minutes ago Up 4 minutes peaceful_gould
bdb5742bba1c ubuntu:hadoop "/bin/bash" 8 minutes ago Up 8 minutes hadoop_master
[root@iZ2ze6ogddtzz4dzyy00xwZ ~]# docker rename peaceful_gould hadoop_slave1
10、重新進入容器2
docker exec -it container-name /bin/bash
11、刪除正在運行的容器
docker rm -f container-name