很簡單明瞭的驅動分層

以JZ2440開發板的點亮led的操作做一下總結，驅動分爲led_dev.c,led_drv兩部分，另外還有一個測試程序led_test.c

led_dev:硬件資源

　led_dev是和硬件設備相關的代碼，其功能是包含、上報可供調度的硬件資源，完成以下幾項

1. 聲明一個platform_device類型的結構體
   1. 該結構體中含有name、id、resource等內容
   2. dev和drv含有相同的.name（.name相同時dev和drv才能匹配）
2. init函數註冊上述結構體
3. exit函數卸載上述結構體
4. 修飾入口、出口函數

led_drv:硬件操作

　　led_drv是負責處理硬件操作的軟件，即爲軟件相關的代碼，其層次和led_dev相似，只不過是多了一些硬件操作的函數

1. 聲明platform_driver類型的結構體
   1. 結構體中含有probe、remove函數和driver結構體
   2. driver結構體中含有和dev同名的.name
   3. probe爲註冊設備的函數
   4. remove爲卸載設備的函數
2. init函數註冊上述結構體
3. exit函數卸載上述結構體
4. 修飾入口、出口函數

led_test:測試程序

/**************************************
            led_dev.c
**************************************/

#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/version.h>

#include <linux/init.h>

#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/types.h>
#include <linux/interrupt.h>
#include <linux/list.h>
#include <linux/timer.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/serial_core.h>
#include <linux/platform_device.h>


/* 分配/設置/註冊一個platform_device */

static struct resource led_resource[] = {
    [0] = {
        .start = 0x56000050,
        .end   = 0x56000050 + 8 - 1,
        .flags = IORESOURCE_MEM,
    },
    [1] = {
        .start = 5,
        .end   = 5,
        .flags = IORESOURCE_IRQ,
    }

};

static void led_release(struct device * dev)
{
}


static struct platform_device led_dev = {
    .name         = "myled",
    .id       = -1,
    .num_resources    = ARRAY_SIZE(led_resource),
    .resource     = led_resource,
    .dev = { 
        .release = led_release, 
    },
};

static int led_dev_init(void)
{
    platform_device_register(&led_dev);
    return 0;
}

static void led_dev_exit(void)
{
    platform_device_unregister(&led_dev);
}

module_init(led_dev_init);
module_exit(led_dev_exit);

MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");

/**************************************
             led_drv.c
**************************************/


#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/version.h>

#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/interrupt.h>
#include <linux/irq.h>
#include <linux/sched.h>
#include <linux/pm.h>
#include <linux/sysctl.h>
#include <linux/proc_fs.h>
#include <linux/delay.h>
#include <linux/platform_device.h>
#include <linux/input.h>
#include <linux/irq.h>
#include <asm/uaccess.h>
#include <asm/io.h>

static int major;


static struct class *cls;
static volatile unsigned long *gpio_con;
static volatile unsigned long *gpio_dat;
static int pin;

static int led_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
    //printk("first_drv_open\n");
    /* 配置爲輸出 */
    *gpio_con &= ~(0x3<<(pin*2));
    *gpio_con |= (0x1<<(pin*2));
    return 0;    
}

static ssize_t led_write(struct file *file, const char __user *buf, size_t count, loff_t * ppos)
{
    int val;

    //printk("first_drv_write\n");

    copy_from_user(&val, buf, count); //    copy_to_user();

    if (val == 1)
    {
        // 點燈
        *gpio_dat &= ~(1<<pin);
    }
    else
    {
        // 滅燈
        *gpio_dat |= (1<<pin);
    }
    
    return 0;
}


static struct file_operations led_fops = {
    .owner  =   THIS_MODULE,    /* 這是一個宏，推向編譯模塊時自動創建的__this_module變量 */
    .open   =   led_open,     
    .write    =    led_write,       
};

static int led_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
{
    struct resource        *res;

    /* 根據platform_device的資源進行ioremap */
    res = platform_get_resource(pdev, IORESOURCE_MEM, 0);
    gpio_con = ioremap(res->start, res->end - res->start + 1);
    gpio_dat = gpio_con + 1;

    res = platform_get_resource(pdev, IORESOURCE_IRQ, 0);
    pin = res->start;

    /* 註冊字符設備驅動程序 */

    printk("led_probe, found led\n");

    major = register_chrdev(0, "myled", &led_fops);

    cls = class_create(THIS_MODULE, "myled");

    class_device_create(cls, NULL, MKDEV(major, 0), NULL, "led"); /* /dev/led */
    
    return 0;
}

static int led_remove(struct platform_device *pdev)
{
    /* 卸載字符設備驅動程序 */
    /* iounmap */
    printk("led_remove, remove led\n");

    class_device_destroy(cls, MKDEV(major, 0));
    class_destroy(cls);
    unregister_chrdev(major, "myled");
    iounmap(gpio_con);
    
    return 0;
}

/* 分配/設置/註冊一個platform_driver */
struct platform_driver led_drv = {
    .probe        = led_probe,
    .remove        = led_remove,
    .driver        = {
        .name    = "myled",
    }
};


static int led_drv_init(void)
{
    platform_driver_register(&led_drv);
    return 0;
}

static void led_drv_exit(void)
{
    platform_driver_unregister(&led_drv);
}

module_init(led_drv_init);
module_exit(led_drv_exit);

MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");

/**************************************
             led_test.c
**************************************/


#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <stdio.h>

/* led_test on
 * led_test off
 */
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
    int fd;
    int val = 1;
    fd = open("/dev/led", O_RDWR);
    if (fd < 0)
    {
        printf("can't open!\n");
    }
    if (argc != 2)
    {
        printf("Usage :\n");
        printf("%s <on|off>\n", argv[0]);
        return 0;
    }

    if (strcmp(argv[1], "on") == 0)
    {
        val  = 1;
    }
    else
    {
        val = 0;
    }
    
    write(fd, &val, 4);
    return 0;
}