设计模式的-GOF
preface to book (序言)
This book isn't an introduction to object-oriented technology or design.
这不是一本面向对象技术和设计的书。
Many books already do a good job of that.
许多书已经在这方面做了非常好的工作。（意思是如果想学习面向对象方面的技术可以看有关方面的书籍）
This book assumes you are reasonably proficient in at least one object-oriented programming language, and you should have some experience in object-oriented design as well.
我们假设你已经掌握了一门或者多门面向对象的程序语言，而且有一些面向对象的设计经验。
You definitely shouldn't have to rush to the nearest dictionary the moment we mention "types" and "polymorphism," or "interface" as opposed to "implementation" inheritance.
这句应该怎么翻译？
On the other hand, this isn't an advanced technical treatise either.
另一方面，这不是一本先进技术的论文
It's a book of design patterns that describes simple and elegant solutions to specific problems in object-oriented software design.
这是一本设计模式的书，它讲述面向对象的设计中遇到特定问题的通用和经典的解决方案。
Design patterns capture solutions that have developed and evolved over time.
设计模式是时间和经验的积累。
Hence they aren't the designs people tend to generate initially.
因此，他们不是某一个设计人员的即时灵感。
They reflect untold redesign and recoding as developers have struggled for greater reuse and flexibility in their software.
他们是开发者在不断的重构与设计中，为了代码重用和可扩展发展起来的。
Design patterns capture these solutions in a succinct and easily applied form.
设计模式用简洁和易于应用的方式来记录这些解决方案
The design patterns require neither unusual language features nor amazing programming tricks with which to astound your friends and managers.All can be implemented in standard object-oriented languages, though they might take a little more work than ad hoc solutions. But the extra effort invariably pays dividends in increased flexibility and reusability.
设计模式不用特殊的语言功能也不需要特殊的编程技巧，所有的面向对象的设计语言都可以实现，只不过有的语言可能要花费点工作量，但是这些付出的工作能够换回设计的灵活性和复用性。
Once you understand the design patterns and have had an "Aha!" (and not just a "Huh?") experience with them, you won't ever think about object-oriented design in the same way. You'll have insights that can make your own designs more flexible, modular, reusable, and understandable—which is why you're interested in object-oriented technology in the first place, right?
一旦你了解了设计模式并且尝试用他们解决问题，这时你对面向对象的设计的思考不再是同一模式，你就会使自己的设计更有灵活性，规范化，复用性和易理解性，这难道不是你对面向对象感兴趣的原因吗。
A word of warning and encouragement: Don't worry if you don't understand this book completely on the first reading. We didn't understand it all on the first writing! Remember that this isn't a book to read once and put on a shelf. We hope you'll find yourself referring to it again and again for design insights and for inspiration.
一个小小的警告：当你第一次阅读这本书时，如果你不能很好理解这本书，这个不用害怕，我们第一写这本书时，也不是十分理解。这不是一本阅读一遍就被束之高阁的书，我们希望你通过在反反复复的阅读中理解这些模式并能够有所提高。
This book has had a long gestation. It has seen four countries, three of its authors' marriages, and the birth of two (unrelated) offspring. Many people have had a part in its development. Special thanks are due Bruce Anderson, Kent Beck, and André Weinand for their inspiration and advice. We also thank those who reviewed drafts of the manuscript: Roger Bielefeld, Grady Booch, Tom Cargill, Marshall Cline, Ralph Hyre, Brian Kernighan, Thomas Laliberty, Mark Lorenz, Arthur Riel, Doug Schmidt, Clovis Tondo, Steve Vinoski, and Rebecca Wirfs-Brock. We are also grateful to the team at Addison-Wesley for their help and patience: Kate Habib, Tiffany Moore, Lisa Raffaele, Pradeepa Siva, and John Wait. Special thanks to Carl Kessler, Danny Sabbah, and Mark Wegman at IBM Research for their unflagging support of this work.
这本书已经酝酿了好长时间。它已经经过四个国家三个作者的编写两易其稿。很多人为这本书做出了贡献。特别感谢 Bruce Anderson, Kent Beck, 和 André Weinand 的启发和建议。我们也非常感谢审稿人：Roger Bielefeld, Grady Booch, Tom Cargill, Marshall Cline, Ralph Hyre, Brian Kernighan, Thomas Laliberty, Mark Lorenz, Arthur Riel, Doug Schmidt, Clovis Tondo, Steve Vinoski, 和 Rebecca Wirfs-Brock.我们也非常感谢 Addison-Wesley 团队的帮助和支持，他们是：Kate Habib, Tiffany Moore, Lisa Raffaele, Pradeepa Siva, and John Wait. 特别感谢 Carl Kessler, Danny Sabbah, 和 IBM 研究中心的 Mark Wegman 的大力支持。
Last but certainly not least, we thank everyone on the Internet and points beyond who commented on versions of the patterns, offered encouraging words, and told us that what we were doing was worthwhile. These people include but are not limited to Jon Avotins, Steve Berczuk, Julian Berdych, Matthias Bohlen, John Brant, Allan Clarke, Paul Chisholm, Jens Coldewey, Dave Collins, Jim Coplien, Don Dwiggins, Gabriele Elia, Doug Felt, Brian Foote, Denis Fortin, Ward Harold, Hermann Hueni, Nayeem Islam, Bikramjit Kalra, Paul Keefer, Thomas Kofler, Doug Lea, Dan LaLiberte, James Long, Ann Louise Luu, Pundi Madhavan, Brian Marick, Robert Martin, Dave McComb, Carl McConnell, Christine Mingins, Hanspeter Mössenböck, Eric Newton, Marianne Ozkan, Roxsan Payette, Larry Podmolik, George Radin, Sita Ramakrishnan, Russ Ramirez, Alexander Ran, Dirk Riehle, Bryan Rosenburg, Aamod Sane, Duri Schmidt, Robert Seidl, Xin Shu, and Bill Walker.
最后，我们感谢那些通过互联网和那些对我们的工作表示支持的人，他们使我们感觉到我们在做一些有意思的工作。这些人包括但并不仅仅这些：Jon Avotins, Steve Berczuk, Julian Berdych, Matthias Bohlen, John Brant, Allan Clarke, Paul Chisholm, Jens Coldewey, Dave Collins, Jim Coplien, Don Dwiggins, Gabriele Elia, Doug Felt, Brian Foote, Denis Fortin, Ward Harold, Hermann Hueni, Nayeem Islam, Bikramjit Kalra, Paul Keefer, Thomas Kofler, Doug Lea, Dan LaLiberte, James Long, Ann Louise Luu, Pundi Madhavan, Brian Marick, Robert Martin, Dave McComb, Carl McConnell, Christine Mingins, Hanspeter Mössenböck, Eric Newton, Marianne Ozkan, Roxsan Payette, Larry Podmolik, George Radin, Sita Ramakrishnan, Russ Ramirez, Alexander Ran, Dirk Riehle, Bryan Rosenburg, Aamod Sane, Duri Schmidt, Robert Seidl, Xin Shu, and Bill Walker.
We don't consider this collection of design patterns complete and static; it's more a recording of our current thoughts on design. We welcome comments on it, whether criticisms of our examples, references and known uses we've missed, or design patterns we should have included. You can write us care of Addison-Wesley, or send electronic mail to [email protected]. You can also obtain softcopy for the code in the Sample Code sections by sending the message "send design pattern source" to [email protected]. And now there's a Web page at http://st-www.cs.uiuc.edu/users/patterns/DPBook/DPBook.html for late-breaking information and updates.
我们并不认为我们整理的设计模式是一成不变的，它只是我们当前思想的记录。我们欢迎评论它，指责我们的例子，参考和我们没有考虑到得用法或者我们应该包含的设计模式。你们可写信或者发Email [email protected] 给我们。你也可以获取实例中的源码用过发消息"send design pattern source" 到 [email protected].在网站 http://st-www.cs.uiuc.edu/users/patterns/DPBook/DPBook.html 有后期的更新。
Mountain View, California E.G.
Montreal, Quebec R.H.
Urbana, Illinois R.J.
Hawthorne, New York J.V.
August 1994