springboot + springDataJpa初步配置和簡單自定義sql

這段時間需要用springboot+springDataJpa爲基礎配置一個項目後臺。

 

這是項目部分依賴：

<dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-logging</artifactId>
                    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jdbc</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
        </dependency>
<!--        <dependency>-->
<!--            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>-->
<!--            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-mongodb</artifactId>-->
<!--        </dependency>-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-solr</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-freemarker</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-configuration-processor</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.amqp</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-rabbit-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.restdocs</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-restdocs-mockmvc</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
            <version>1.1.10</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-log4j2</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.spockframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spock-core</artifactId>
            <version>RELEASE</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.asciidoctor</groupId>
                <artifactId>asciidoctor-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>1.5.8</version>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <id>generate-docs</id>
                        <phase>prepare-package</phase>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>process-asciidoc</goal>
                        </goals>
                        <configuration>
                            <backend>html</backend>
                            <doctype>book</doctype>
                        </configuration>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
                <dependencies>
                    <dependency>
                        <groupId>org.springframework.restdocs</groupId>
                        <artifactId>spring-restdocs-asciidoctor</artifactId>
                        <version>${spring-restdocs.version}</version>
                    </dependency>
                </dependencies>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

    <repositories>
        <!--for others-->
        <!--        阿里源-->
        <repository>
            <id>alimaven</id>
            <name>aliyun maven</name>
            <!--<url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/repositories/central/</url>-->
            <url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/</url>
        </repository>
        <!--for testng repository 下載testng-->
        <repository>
            <id>jcenter</id>
            <name>bintray</name>
            <url>http://jcenter.bintray.com</url>
        </repository>
    </repositories>

然後寫配置文件application.yml和dev.yml

server:
  port: 47
spring:
  profiles:
    active: dev

  jpa:
    hibernate:
      #自動建表
      ddl-auto: update
      #查看sql
      show-sql: true
      format_sql: true
      database-platform: org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect
    properties:
      show-sql: true
      format_sql: true
      database-platform: org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect
  main:
    allow-bean-definition-overriding: true
logging:
  config: classpath:config/log4j2.xml

spring:
  rabbitmq:
    addresses: 47.106.188.177
  mvc:
    view:
      prefix: templates
      suffix: .html
  datasource:
    username: carblog
    password: 
    type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
    # 配置監控統計攔截的filters,去掉後監控界面sql將無法統計,'wall'用於防火牆
    filters: stat, wall, log4j
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
    url: jdbc:mysql://url/carblog?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&serverTimezone=UTC&useSSL=true
    logSlowSql: true
    # 初始化
    initialSize: 3
    # 最大
    maxActive: 20
    # 最小
    minIdle: 3
    # 最大連接等待超時時間
    maxWait: 60000
    # 打開PSCache,並且指定每個連接PSCache的大小
    poolPreparedStatements: true
    maxPoolPreparedStatementPerConnectionSize: 20
    validationQuery: select 'x'
    testWhileIdle: true
    testOnBorrow: false
    testOnReturn: false
    # 配置間隔多久才進行一次檢測,檢測需要關閉的空閒連接,單位是毫秒
    timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis: 60000
    # 配置一個連接在池中最小生存的時間,單位是毫秒
    minEvictableIdleTimeMillis: 300000

這樣就直接可以啓動了。

配置一下log4j，這裏注意要將springboot內置的logging移除。

然後再配置對應log4j2.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<!--設置log4j2的自身log級別爲warn-->

<!--日誌級別以及優先級排序: OFF > FATAL > ERROR > WARN > INFO > DEBUG > TRACE > ALL -->

<!--Configuration後面的status，這個用於設置log4j2自身內部的信息輸出，可以不設置，

    當設置成trace時，你會看到log4j2內部各種詳細輸出-->

<!--monitorInterval：Log4j能夠自動檢測修改配置 文件和重新配置本身，設置間隔秒數-->

<configuration status="warn" monitorInterval="30">

    <!--先定義所有的appender-->

    <appenders>

        <!--這個輸出控制檯的配置-->

        <console name="Console" target="SYSTEM_OUT">

            <!--輸出日誌的格式-->

            <PatternLayout pattern="[%d{HH:mm:ss:SSS}] [%p] - %l - %m%n"/>

        </console>

        <!--文件會打印出所有信息，這個log每次運行程序會自動清空，由append屬性決定，這個也挺有用的，適合臨時測試用-->

        <File name="log" fileName="log/test.log" append="false">

            <PatternLayout pattern="%d{HH:mm:ss.SSS} %-5level %class{36} %L %M - %msg%xEx%n"/>

        </File>

        <!-- 這個會打印出所有的info及以下級別的信息，每次大小超過size，

        則這size大小的日誌會自動存入按年份-月份建立的文件夾下面並進行壓縮，作爲存檔-->

        <RollingFile name="RollingFileInfo" fileName="${sys:user.home}/logs/info.log"

                     filePattern="${sys:user.home}/logs/$${date:yyyy-MM}/info-%d{yyyy-MM-dd}-%i.log">

            <Filters>

                <!--控制檯只輸出level及以上級別的信息（onMatch），其他的直接拒絕（onMismatch）-->

                <ThresholdFilter level="INFO" onMatch="ACCEPT" onMismatch="DENY"/>

                <ThresholdFilter level="WARN" onMatch="DENY" onMismatch="NEUTRAL"/>

            </Filters>

            <PatternLayout pattern="[%d{HH:mm:ss:SSS}] [%p] - %l - %m%n"/>

            <Policies>

                <TimeBasedTriggeringPolicy/>

                <SizeBasedTriggeringPolicy size="100 MB"/>

            </Policies>

        </RollingFile>

        <RollingFile name="RollingFileWarn" fileName="${sys:user.home}/logs/warn.log"

                     filePattern="${sys:user.home}/logs/$${date:yyyy-MM}/warn-%d{yyyy-MM-dd}-%i.log">

            <Filters>

                <ThresholdFilter level="WARN" onMatch="ACCEPT" onMismatch="DENY"/>

                <ThresholdFilter level="ERROR" onMatch="DENY" onMismatch="NEUTRAL"/>

            </Filters>

            <PatternLayout pattern="[%d{HH:mm:ss:SSS}] [%p] - %l - %m%n"/>

            <Policies>

                <TimeBasedTriggeringPolicy/>

                <SizeBasedTriggeringPolicy size="100 MB"/>

            </Policies>

            <!-- DefaultRolloverStrategy屬性如不設置，則默認爲最多同一文件夾下7個文件，這裏設置了20 -->

            <DefaultRolloverStrategy max="20"/>

        </RollingFile>

        <RollingFile name="RollingFileError" fileName="${sys:user.home}/logs/error.log"

                     filePattern="${sys:user.home}/logs/$${date:yyyy-MM}/error-%d{yyyy-MM-dd}-%i.log">

            <ThresholdFilter level="ERROR"/>

            <PatternLayout pattern="[%d{HH:mm:ss:SSS}] [%p] - %l - %m%n"/>

            <Policies>

                <TimeBasedTriggeringPolicy/>

                <SizeBasedTriggeringPolicy size="100 MB"/>

            </Policies>

        </RollingFile>

    </appenders>

    <!--然後定義logger，只有定義了logger並引入的appender，appender纔會生效-->

    <loggers>

        <!--過濾掉spring和hibernate的一些無用的debug信息-->

        <logger name="org.springframework" level="INFO">

        </logger>

        <logger name="org.mybatis" level="INFO">

        </logger>

        <root level="all">

            <appender-ref ref="Console"/>

            <appender-ref ref="RollingFileInfo"/>

            <appender-ref ref="RollingFileWarn"/>

            <appender-ref ref="RollingFileError"/>

        </root>

    </loggers>

</configuration>

這個配置文件可以直接進入Apache官網學習文檔。

生成實體類：

package com.shengxi.carblog.pojo;

import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.EqualsAndHashCode;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
import lombok.ToString;
import org.hibernate.annotations.DynamicUpdate;

import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;
import java.io.Serializable;

/**
 * @Author: matthew
 * @ClassName TestUser
 * @Date: 2019-09-17 19:35
 * @Version: 1.0.0
 * @description: 實體類
 * 注意要有無參構造器
 * 其他構造器按需書寫
 */
@Table(name ="test_user")
@Entity(name = "TestUser")
@DynamicUpdate
@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
@Data
@ToString
@EqualsAndHashCode
public class TestUser implements Serializable {

    @Id
    @GeneratedValue
    @Column(name = "id")
    private Long id;
    @Column(name = "name")
    private String name;
    @Column(name = "age")
    private Integer age;
}

然後我們可以寫持久層，繼承JpaRepository<O, T> O是對應的實體類的對象， T是主鍵的數據類型。

package com.shengxi.carblog.repository;

import com.shengxi.carblog.pojo.TestUser;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.Query;
import org.springframework.data.repository.query.Param;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

/**
 * @Author: matthew
 * @ClassName TestUserRepository
 * @Date: 2019-09-17 19:35
 * @Version: 1.0.0
 * @description: 測試模板持久層
 */
@Repository
public interface TestUserRepository extends JpaRepository<TestUser, Long> {

    /**
     * 在自定義方法查詢中，
     * 我們要使用new一個對象來封裝實例
     * 然後用對應的實體類來替代表
     * 所以我們的實體類需要去綁定表
     * 注意：在new的使用，實體類中要有對應的構造器
     * @param name userName
     * @return TestUser
     */
    @Query("select new com.shengxi.carblog.pojo.TestUser(id, name, age) from TestUser where name = :name")
    TestUser findUserByName(@Param("name") String name);
}