Ansible—— 32. playbook 循環

1. 獲取未分組的主機名

主機清單

10.1.1.60
test70.zsythink.net ansible_host=10.1.1.70
test71 anisble_host=10.1.1.71
 
[testA]
test60 ansible_host=10.1.1.60
test61 ansible_host=10.1.1.61
 
[testB]
test70 ansible_host=10.1.1.70
 
[test:children]
testA
testB

ansible test70 -m debug -a "msg={{groups.ungrouped}}"
ansible test70 -m debug -a "msg={{groups.ungrouped[1]}}"

---
- hosts: test70
  remote_user: root
  gather_facts: no
  tasks:
  - debug:
      msg: "{{item}}"
    with_items: "{{groups.ungrouped}}"

2. 循環格式

2.1 語法一

---
- hosts: test70
  remote_user: root
  gather_facts: no
  tasks:
  - debug:
      msg: "{{item}}"
    with_items:
    - 1
    - 2
    - 3

---
- hosts: test70
  remote_user: root
  gather_facts: no
  tasks:
  - debug:
      msg: "{{item}}"
    with_items: [ 1, 2, 3 ]

2.2 語法二

---
- hosts: test70
  remote_user: root
  gather_facts: no
  tasks:
  - debug:
      msg: "{{item.test1}}"
    with_items:
    - { test1: a, test2: b }
    - { test1: c, test2: d }

2.3 語法三

---
- hosts: test70
  remote_user: root
  gather_facts: no
  tasks:
  - file:
      path: "/opt/a"
      state: touch
  - file:
      path: "/opt/b"
      state: touch
  - file:
      path: "/opt/c"
      state: touch
  - file:
      path: "/opt/d"
      state: touch

---
- hosts: test70
  remote_user: root
  gather_facts: no
  vars:
    dirs:
    - "/opt/a"
    - "/opt/b"
    - "/opt/c"
    - "/opt/d"
  tasks:
  - file:
      path: "{{item}}"
      state: touch
    with_items: "{{dirs}}"

2.4 語法四

---
- hosts: test70
  gather_facts: no
  tasks:
  - shell: "{{item}}"
    with_items:
    - "ls /opt"
    - "ls /home"
    register: returnvalue
  - debug:
      msg:
       "{% for i in returnvalue.results %}
          {{ i.stdout }}
        {% endfor %}"

3. 循環和註冊變量連用

---
- hosts: test70
  gather_facts: no
  tasks:
  - shell: "{{item}}"
    with_items:
    - "ls /opt"
    - "ls /home"
    register: returnvalue
  - debug:
      msg: "{{item.stdout}}"
      with_items: "{{returnvalue.results}}" 

---
- hosts: test70
  gather_facts: no
  tasks:
  - shell: "{{item}}"
    with_items:
    - "ls /opt"
    - "ls /home"
    register: returnvalue
  - debug:
      var: returnvalue

3. 循環拉平

---
- hosts: test70
  remote_user: root
  gather_facts: no
  tasks:
  - debug:
      msg: "{{item}}"
    with_items:
    - [ 1, 2, 3 ]
    - [ a, b ]

4. with_list

不會拉平，整體輸出

---
- hosts: test70
  remote_user: root
  gather_facts: no
  tasks:
  - debug:
      msg: "{{item}}"
    with_list:
    - [ 1, 2, 3 ]
    - [ a, b ]

5. with_flattened

拉平

---
- hosts: test70
  remote_user: root
  gather_facts: no
  tasks:
  - debug:
      msg: "{{item}}"
    with_flattened:
    - [ 1, 2, 3 ]
    - [ a, b ]

5. with_together

生成對應列，map

---
- hosts: test70
  remote_user: root
  gather_facts: no
  tasks:
  - debug:
      msg: "{{ item }}"
    with_together:
    - [ 1, 2, 3 ]
    - [ a, b, c ]

6. with_cartesian

笛卡爾乘積

 mkdir -p {a,b,c}/{test1,test2}
 ansible test70 -m shell -a "mkdir -p /testdir/testdir/{a,b,c}/{test1,test2}"
 ---
- hosts: test70
  remote_user: root
  gather_facts: no
  tasks:
  - debug:
      msg: "{{ item }}"
    with_cartesian:
    - [ a, b, c ]
    - [ test1, test2 ]

---
- hosts: test70
  remote_user: root
  gather_facts: no
  tasks:
  - file:
      state: directory
      path: "/testdir/testdir/{{ item.0 }}/{{ item.1 }}"
    with_cartesian:
    - [ a, b, c ]
    - [ test1, test2 ]

7. with_indexed_items

---
- hosts: test70
  remote_user: root
  gather_facts: no
  tasks:
  - debug:
      msg: "{{ item }}"
    with_indexed_items:
    - test1
    - test2
    - test3

---
- hosts: test70
  remote_user: root
  gather_facts: no
  tasks:
  - debug:
      msg: "index is : {{ item.0 }} , value is {{ item.1 }}"
    with_indexed_items:
    - test1
    - test2
    - test3

---
- hosts: test70
  remote_user: root
  gather_facts: no
  tasks:
  - debug:
      msg: "index is : {{ item.0 }} , value is {{ item.1 }}"
    with_indexed_items:
    - [ test1, test2 ]
    - [ test3, test4, test5 ]
    - [ test6, test7 ]

---
- hosts: test70
  remote_user: root
  gather_facts: no
  tasks:
  - debug:
      msg: "{{ item }}"
    with_indexed_items:
    - [ test1, test2 ]
    - [ test3, [ test4, test5 ] ]
    - [ test6 ]

8. with_sequence

---
- hosts: test70
  remote_user: root
  gather_facts: no
  tasks:
  - debug:
      msg: "{{ item }}"
    with_sequence: start=1 end=5 stride=1

with_sequence:
  start=1
  end=5
  stride=1

從1開始，步長爲1，一直到5

---
- hosts: test70
  remote_user: root
  gather_facts: no
  tasks:
  - debug:
      msg: "{{item}}"
    with_sequence: count=5

---
- hosts: test70
  remote_user: root
  gather_facts: no
  tasks:
  - debug:
      msg: "{{item}}"
    with_sequence: start=6 end=2 stride=-2

---
- hosts: test70
  remote_user: root
  gather_facts: no
  tasks:
  - file:
      path: "/testdir/testdir/test{{ item }}"
      state: directory
    with_sequence:
      start=2
      end=10
      stride=2

賦值是整數時，不能使用start: 2這種形式，-這種列表，已經空格了，但是再空格也不錯

---
- hosts: test70
  remote_user: root
  gather_facts: no
  tasks:
  - debug:
      msg: "{{item}}"
    with_sequence: start=2 end=6 stride=2 format="number is %0.2f"

9. with_random_choice

---
- hosts: test70
  remote_user: root
  gather_facts: no
  tasks:
  - debug:
      msg: "{{item}}"
    with_random_choice:
    - 1
    - 2
    - 3
    - 4
    - 5

10. with_dict

---
- hosts: test70
  remote_user: root
  gather_facts: no
  vars:
    users:
      alice: female
      bob: male
  tasks:
  - debug:
      msg: "{{item}}"
    with_dict: "{{users}}"

---
- hosts: test70
  remote_user: root
  gather_facts: no
  vars:
    users:
      alice: female
      bob: male
  tasks:
  - debug:
      msg: "User name: {{item.key}} , User's gender: {{item.value}} "
    with_dict: "{{users}}"

---
- hosts: test70
  remote_user: root
  gather_facts: no
  vars:
    users:
      alice:
        name: Alice Appleworth
        gender: female
        telephone: [phone]
      bob:
        name: Bob Bananarama
        gender: male
        telephone: [phone]
  tasks:
  - debug:
      msg: "{{item}}"
    with_dict: "{{users}}"

---
- hosts: test70
  remote_user: root
  gather_facts: no
  vars:
    users:
      alice:
        name: Alice Appleworth
        gender: female
        telephone: [phone]
      bob:
        name: Bob Bananarama
        gender: male
        telephone: [phone]
  tasks:
  - debug:
      msg: "User {{ item.key }} is {{ item.value.name }}, Gender: {{ item.value.gender }}, Tel: {{ item.value.telephone }}"
    with_dict: "{{users}}"

11. with_subelements

---
- hosts: test70
  remote_user: root
  gather_facts: no
  vars:
    users:
    - name: bob
      gender: male
      hobby:
        - Skateboard
        - VideoGame
    - name: alice
      gender: female
      hobby:
        - Music
  tasks:
  - debug:
      msg: "{{ item }}"
    with_subelements:
    - "{{users}}"
    - hobby

---
- hosts: test70
  remote_user: root
  gather_facts: no
  vars:
    users:
    - name: bob
      gender: male
      hobby:
        - Skateboard
        - VideoGame
    - name: alice
      gender: female
      hobby:
        - Music
  tasks:
  - debug:
      msg: "{{ item.0.name }} 's hobby is {{ item.1 }}"
    with_subelements:
    - "{{users}}"
    - hobby

12. with_file

只對ansible本地主機文件操作

---
- hosts: test70
  remote_user: root
  gather_facts: no
  tasks:
  - debug:
      msg: "{{ item }}"   //var: item //var: {{item}}  //var: "{{item}}"
    with_file:
    - /testdir/testdir/a.log
    - /opt/testfile

13. with_fileglob

只對ansible本地主機文件操作

---
- hosts: test70
  remote_user: root
  gather_facts: no
  tasks:
  - debug:
      msg: "{{ item }}"
    with_fileglob:
    - /testdir/*

---
- hosts: test70
  remote_user: root
  gather_facts: no
  tasks:
  - debug:
      msg: "{{ item }}"
    with_fileglob:
    - /testdir/*
    - /opt/test*.???

14. with_items和user模塊配合使用

---
- hosts: webserver
  user: admin
  become: yes
  tasks:
    - name: add users
      user: name={{ item.name }} state=present groups={{ item.groups }}
      with_items:
        - { name: 'testuser01', groups: 'wheel' }
        - { name: 'testuser02', groups: 'root' }

15. 嵌套循環

- name: give users access to multiple databases
  mysql_user: name={{ item[0] }} priv={{ item[1] }}.*:ALL append_privs=yes password=foo
  with_nested:
    - [ 'alice', 'bob' ]
    - [ 'clientdb', 'employeedb', 'providerdb' ]

16. 遍歷字典

---
- hosts: webserver
  user: admin
  become: yes
  tasks:
    - name: print phone records
      debug: msg="User {{ item.key }} is {{ item.value.name }} ({{ item.value.telephone }})"
      with_dict: {'alice':{'name':'Alice Appleworth', 'telephone':'123-456-789'},'bob':{'name':'Bob Bananarama', 'telephone':'987-654-3210'} }

17. 遍歷文件

---
- hosts: all
  tasks:
       - debug: "msg={{ item }}"
      with_file:
        - first_example_file
        - second_example_file

17. 遍歷目錄 (文件匹配循環）

---
- hosts: all
  tasks:
    - file: dest=/etc/fooapp state=directory
    - copy: src={{ item }} dest=/etc/fooapp/ owner=root mode=600
      with_fileglob:
        - /playbooks/files/fooapp/*

18. 重試循環

- action: shell /usr/bin/foo
  register: result
  until: result.stdout.find("all systems go") != -1
  retries: 5  重試此時
  delay: 10  間隔時間

————Blueicex 2020/3/28 09:55 [email protected]