https://linux.die.net/man/8/dmidecode
- 格式
dmidecode [OPTIONS]
- 描述
dmidecode 用於dump 計算機的DMI表(有時候也叫SMBIOS)的內容，並以可讀的方式呈現。這個DMI表中包含有“系統的硬件的組件信息”，和其它非常有價值的信息，例如，cpu序列號 和BIOS版本等等。幸虧有這麼個表，我們可以不用探測實際的硬件就可以獲取這些信息。雖然在性能上是好的，但是，這些信息可能不是可靠的啊。
DMI表不只描述當前系統的組成，還描述了可能的進化方案(例如，支持的最快的cpu 或者支持的最大內存)。
SMBIOS標識系統管理BIOS，DMI標識直接管理接口(Desktop Management Interface)。
運行dmidecode命令時，會定位到DMI表。如果成功，則會解析該表並以如下類似的方式來顯示：
Handle 0x0002, DMI type 2, 8 bytes. Base Board Information Manufacturer: Intel
Product Name: C440GX+
Version: 727281-001
Serial Number: INCY92700942
每個記錄會有：
- 一個handle。This is a unique identifier, which allows records to reference each other. For example, processor records usually reference cache memory records using their handles.
- 一個類型。The SMBIOS specification defines different types of elements a computer can be made of. In this example, the type is 2, which means that the record contains "Base Board Information".
- 一個size：Each record has a 4-byte header (2 for the handle, 1 for the type, 1 for the size), the rest is used by the record data. This value doesn't take text strings into account (these are placed at the end of the record), so the actual length of the record may be (and is often) greater than the displayed value.
- 很多解碼的數值。 The information presented of course depends on the type of record. Here, we learn about the board's manufacturer, model, version and serial number.
- 選項
-d, --dev-mem FILE ：
從設備文件中讀取內存（默認是/dev/mem）
-q, --quiet ：
Be less verbose. Unknown, inactive and OEM -specific entries are not displayed. Meta-data and handle references are hidden.
-s, --string KEYWORD
Only display the value of the DMI string identified by KEYWORD. KEYWORD must be a keyword from the following list: bios-vendor, bios-version, bios-release-date, system-manufacturer, system-product-name, system-version, system-serial-number, system-uuid, baseboard-manufacturer, baseboard-product-name, baseboard-version, baseboard-serial-number, baseboard-asset-tag, chassis-manufacturer, chassis-type, chassis-version, chassis-serial-number, chassis-asset-tag, processor-family, processor-manufacturer, processor-version, processor-frequency. Each keyword corresponds to a given DMI type and a given offset within this entry type. Not all strings may be meaningful or even defined on all systems. Some keywords may return more than one result on some systems (e.g. processor-version on a multi-processor system). If KEYWORD is not provided or not valid, a list of all valid keywords is printed and dmidecode exits with an error. This option cannot be used more than once.
-t, --type TYPE
Only display the entries of type TYPE. TYPE can be either a DMI type number, or a comma-separated list of type numbers, or a keyword from the following list: bios, system, baseboard, chassis, processor, memory, cache, connector, slot. Refer to the DMI TYPES section below for details. If this option is used more than once, the set of displayed entries will be the union of all the given types. If TYPE is not provided or not valid, a list of all valid keywords is printed and dmidecode exits with an error.
-u, --dump
Do not decode the entries, dump their contents as hexadecimal instead. Note that this is still a text output, no binary data will be thrown upon you. The strings attached to each entry are displayed as both hexadecimal and ASCII . This option is mainly useful for debugging.
--dump-bin FILE
Do not decode the entries, instead dump the DMI data to a file in binary form. The generated file is suitable to pass to --from-dump later.
--from-dump FILE
Read the DMI data from a binary file previously generated using --dump-bin.
-h, --help
Display usage information and exit
-V, --version
Display the version and exit
Options --string, --type and --dump-bin determine the output format and are mutually exclusive.
- Dmi 類型
The SMBIOS specification defines the following DMI types:
Type Information
0
1 System
2 Base Board
3 Chassis
4 Processor
5 Memory Controller
6 Memory Module
7 Cache
8 Port Connector
9 System Slots
10 On Board Devices
11 OEM Strings
12 System Configuration Options
13 BIOS Language
14 Group Associations
15 System Event Log
16 Physical Memory Array
17 Memory Device
18 32-bit Memory Error
19 Memory Array Mapped Address
20 Memory Device Mapped Address
21 Built-in Pointing Device
22 Portable Battery
23 System Reset
24 Hardware Security
25 System Power Controls
26 Voltage Probe
27 Cooling Device
28 Temperature Probe
29 Electrical Current Probe
30 Out-of-band Remote Access
31 Boot Integrity Services
32 System Boot
33 64-bit Memory Error
34 Management Device
35 Management Device Component
36 Management Device Threshold Data
37 Memory Channel
38 IPMI Device
39 Power Supply
40 Additional Information
41 Onboard Device
Additionally, type 126 is used for disabled entries and type 127 is an end-of-table marker. Types 128 to 255 are for OEM -specific data. dmidecode will display these entries by default, but it can only decode them when the vendors have contributed documentation or code for them.
- 關鍵字可以用於替代type 數值 ，同樣使用 --type 選項。每個關鍵字等價於相關的多個type 數值。如下所示
Keyword Types
bios
system 1, 12, 15, 23, 32
baseboard 2, 10, 41
chassis 3
processor 4
memory 5, 6, 16, 17
cache 7
connector 8
slot 9
Keywords are matched case-insensitively. The following command lines are equivalent:
dmidecode --type 0 --type 13
dmidecode --type 0,13
dmidecode --type bios
dmidecode --type BIOS
Binary Dump File Format
The binary dump files generated by --dump-bin and read using --from-dump are formatted as follows:
The SMBIOS or DMI entry point is located at offset 0x00. It is crafted to hard-code the table address at offset 0x20.
The DMI table is located at offset 0x20.