android 10.0拍照顯示並上傳服務器

參考：
okhttp圖片上傳
Android 調用相機拍照，適配到Android 10
並在大佬的demo上增加了上傳圖片功能

10.0、9.0、8.0、6.0上試過了都能用。沒試過 7.0

直接上代碼:

MainActivity

package com.donkingliang.photograph;

import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import androidx.core.app.ActivityCompat;
import androidx.core.content.ContextCompat;
import androidx.core.content.FileProvider;
import androidx.core.os.EnvironmentCompat;
import okhttp3.MediaType;
import okhttp3.MultipartBody;
import okhttp3.OkHttpClient;
import okhttp3.Request;
import okhttp3.RequestBody;
import okhttp3.Response;

import android.Manifest;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.ContentValues;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Build;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Environment;
import android.provider.MediaStore;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.Toast;

import org.json.JSONException;
import org.json.JSONObject;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.Locale;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private ImageView ivCamera;
    private ImageView ivPhoto;

    // 拍照的requestCode
    private static final int CAMERA_REQUEST_CODE = 0x00000010;
    // 申請相機權限的requestCode
    private static final int PERMISSION_CAMERA_REQUEST_CODE = 0x00000012;
    /**
     * 用於保存拍照圖片的uri
     */
    private Uri mCameraUri;

    /**
     * 用於保存圖片的文件路徑，Android 10以下使用圖片路徑訪問圖片
     */
    private String mCameraImagePath;

    /**
     * 是否是Android 10以上手機
     */
    private boolean isAndroidQ = Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 29;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        ivCamera = findViewById(R.id.ivCamera);
        ivPhoto = findViewById(R.id.ivPhoto);

        ivCamera.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
                checkPermissionAndCamera();
            }
        });
    }

    /**
     * 檢查權限並拍照。
     * 調用相機前先檢查權限。
     */
    private void checkPermissionAndCamera() {
        int hasCameraPermission = ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(getApplication(),
                Manifest.permission.CAMERA);
        if (hasCameraPermission == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {

            if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(MainActivity.this, Manifest.permission.CAMERA) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(MainActivity.this, new String[]{Manifest.permission.CAMERA}, 100);
            } else if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(MainActivity.this, Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                //沒有授權，編寫申請權限代碼
                ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(MainActivity.this, new String[]{Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE}, 100);
            } else if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(MainActivity.this, Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                //沒有授權，編寫申請權限代碼
                ActivityCompat.requestPermissions((Activity) MainActivity.this, new String[]{Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE}, 100);
            } else {
                //有權限，調起相機拍照。
                openCamera();
            }

        } else {
            //沒有權限，申請權限。
            ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, new String[]{Manifest.permission.CAMERA},
                    PERMISSION_CAMERA_REQUEST_CODE);
        }
    }

    @Override
    protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, @Nullable Intent data) {
        super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);
        if (requestCode == CAMERA_REQUEST_CODE) {
            if (resultCode == RESULT_OK) {
                final String uploadpath;
                if (isAndroidQ) {
                    // Android 10 使用圖片uri加載
                    ivPhoto.setImageURI(mCameraUri);
                    uploadpath = Uri2PathUtil.getRealPathFromUri(MainActivity.this, mCameraUri);
                } else {
                    // 使用圖片路徑加載
                    ivPhoto.setImageBitmap(BitmapFactory.decodeFile(mCameraImagePath));
                    uploadpath = mCameraImagePath;
                }
                // 6.0 8.0 9.0 適配了。。沒試過7.0
                new Thread(new Runnable() {
                    @Override
                    public void run() {
                        try {
                            uploadImage("http:。。。。。", uploadpath);
                        } catch (IOException e) {
                            e.printStackTrace();
                        } catch (JSONException e) {
                            e.printStackTrace();
                        }
                    }
                }).start();

            } else {
                Toast.makeText(this, "取消", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
            }
        }
    }

    public String uploadImage(String url, String imagePath) throws IOException, JSONException {
        OkHttpClient okHttpClient = new OkHttpClient();
        Log.d("imagePath", imagePath);
        File file = new File(imagePath);
        RequestBody image = RequestBody.create(MediaType.parse("image/png"), file);
        RequestBody requestBody = new MultipartBody.Builder()
                .setType(MultipartBody.FORM)
                .addFormDataPart("path", "taskPlanApp")
                .addFormDataPart("attach", imagePath, image)
                .addFormDataPart("thumbnailWidth", "80")
                .addFormDataPart("thumbnailHeigth", "80")
                .build();
        Request request = new Request.Builder()
                .url(url)
                .post(requestBody)
                .build();
        Response response = okHttpClient.newCall(request).execute();
        JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject(response.body().string());
        /**
         * {"error":0,"message":null,"url":"\/file\/taskPlanApp\/200521\/44a037dc7570417cadb7296d0cf5e5ef.png"}
         *
         *
         */
        Integer error = jsonObject.getInt("error");
        String msg = jsonObject.getString("message");
        if (error == 0) {
//            imgLoadUrl = jsonObject.getString("url");
        } else {
//            Toast.makeText(ConfirmOldManInfo.this, msg, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }

        return jsonObject.optString("image");
    }

    /**
     * 處理權限申請的回調。
     *
     * @param requestCode
     * @param permissions
     * @param grantResults
     */
    @Override
    public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, String[] permissions, int[] grantResults) {
        if (requestCode == PERMISSION_CAMERA_REQUEST_CODE) {
            if (grantResults.length > 0
                    && grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(MainActivity.this, Manifest.permission.CAMERA) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                    ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(MainActivity.this, new String[]{Manifest.permission.CAMERA}, 100);
                } else if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(MainActivity.this, Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                    //沒有授權，編寫申請權限代碼
                    ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(MainActivity.this, new String[]{Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE}, 100);
                } else if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(MainActivity.this, Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                    //沒有授權，編寫申請權限代碼
                    ActivityCompat.requestPermissions((Activity) MainActivity.this, new String[]{Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE}, 100);
                } else {
                    //有權限，調起相機拍照。
                    openCamera();
                }
            } else {
                //拒絕權限，彈出提示框。
                Toast.makeText(this, "拍照權限被拒絕", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * 調起相機拍照
     */
    private void openCamera() {
        Intent captureIntent = new Intent(MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE);
        // 判斷是否有相機
        if (captureIntent.resolveActivity(getPackageManager()) != null) {
            File photoFile = null;
            Uri photoUri = null;
            if (isAndroidQ) {
                // 適配android 10
                photoUri = createImageUri();
            } else {
                photoFile = new File(getExternalCacheDir(), "output_image.png");
                // 對照片的更換設置
                try {
                    // 如果上一次的照片存在，就刪除
                    if (photoFile.exists()) {
                        photoFile.delete();
                    }
                    // 創建一個新的文件
                    photoFile.createNewFile();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
                if (photoFile != null) {
                    mCameraImagePath = photoFile.getAbsolutePath();
                    if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.N) {
                        //適配Android 7.0文件權限，通過FileProvider創建一個content類型的Uri
                        photoUri = FileProvider.getUriForFile(this, getPackageName() + ".fileprovider", photoFile);
                    } else {
                        photoUri = Uri.fromFile(photoFile);
                    }
                }
            }
            mCameraUri = photoUri;
            if (photoUri != null) {
                captureIntent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, photoUri);
                captureIntent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_GRANT_WRITE_URI_PERMISSION);
                startActivityForResult(captureIntent, CAMERA_REQUEST_CODE);
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * 創建圖片地址uri,用於保存拍照後的照片 Android 10以後使用這種方法
     *
     * @return 圖片的uri
     */
    private Uri createImageUri() {
        String status = Environment.getExternalStorageState();
        // 判斷是否有SD卡,優先使用SD卡存儲,當沒有SD卡時使用手機存儲
        if (status.equals(Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED)) {
            return getContentResolver().insert(MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI, new ContentValues());
        } else {
            return getContentResolver().insert(MediaStore.Images.Media.INTERNAL_CONTENT_URI, new ContentValues());
        }
    }
}

Uri2PathUtil 路徑讀取工具類

package com.donkingliang.photograph;

import android.annotation.TargetApi;
import android.content.ContentUris;
import android.content.Context;
import android.database.Cursor;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Build;
import android.os.Environment;
import android.provider.DocumentsContract;
import android.provider.MediaStore;

import androidx.loader.content.CursorLoader;


public class Uri2PathUtil {

    //複雜版處理  (適配多種API)
    public static String getRealPathFromUri(Context context, Uri uri) {
        int sdkVersion = Build.VERSION.SDK_INT;
        if (sdkVersion < 11) return getRealPathFromUri_BelowApi11(context, uri);
        if (sdkVersion < 19) return getRealPathFromUri_Api11To18(context, uri);
        else return getRealPathFromUri_AboveApi19(context, uri);
    }

    /**
     * 適配api19以上,根據uri獲取圖片的絕對路徑
     */
    @TargetApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.KITKAT)
    private static String getRealPathFromUri_AboveApi19(Context context, Uri uri) {
        if (DocumentsContract.isDocumentUri(context, uri)) {
            if (isExternalStorageDocument(uri)) {
                final String docId = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);
                final String[] split = docId.split(":");
                final String type = split[0];
                if ("primary".equalsIgnoreCase(type)) {
                    return Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() + "/" + split[1];
                }
            } else if (isDownloadsDocument(uri)) {
                final String id = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);
                final Uri contentUri = ContentUris.withAppendedId(
                        Uri.parse("content://downloads/public_downloads"), Long.valueOf(id));

                return getDataColumn(context, contentUri, null, null);
            } else if (isMediaDocument(uri)) {
                final String docId = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);
                final String[] split = docId.split(":");
                final String type = split[0];

                Uri contentUri;
                if ("image".equals(type)) {
                    contentUri = MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;
                } else if ("video".equals(type)) {
                    contentUri = MediaStore.Video.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;
                } else if ("audio".equals(type)) {
                    contentUri = MediaStore.Audio.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;
                } else {
                    contentUri = MediaStore.Files.getContentUri("external");
                }

                final String selection = "_id=?";
                final String[] selectionArgs = new String[]{split[1]};
                return getDataColumn(context, contentUri, selection, selectionArgs);
            }


        } else if ("content".equalsIgnoreCase(uri.getScheme())) {
            return getDataColumn(context, uri, null, null);
        } else if ("file".equalsIgnoreCase(uri.getScheme())) {
            return uri.getPath();
        }

        return null;
    }

    /**
     * 適配api11-api18,根據uri獲取圖片的絕對路徑
     */
    private static String getRealPathFromUri_Api11To18(Context context, Uri uri) {
        String filePath = null;
        String[] projection = {MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA};
        //這個有兩個包不知道是哪個。。。。不過這個複雜版一般用不到
        CursorLoader loader = new CursorLoader(context, uri, projection, null, null, null);
        Cursor cursor = loader.loadInBackground();

        if (cursor != null) {
            cursor.moveToFirst();
            filePath = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(projection[0]));
            cursor.close();
        }
        return filePath;
    }

    /**
     * 適配api11以下(不包括api11),根據uri獲取圖片的絕對路徑
     */
    private static String getRealPathFromUri_BelowApi11(Context context, Uri uri) {
        String filePath = null;
        String[] projection = {MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA};
        Cursor cursor = context.getContentResolver().query(uri, projection, null, null, null);
        if (cursor != null && cursor.moveToFirst()) {
            filePath = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(projection[0]));
            cursor.close();
        }
        return filePath;
    }

    /**
     * Get the value of the data column for this Uri. This is useful for
     * MediaStore Uris, and other file-based ContentProviders.
     *
     * @param context       The context.
     * @param uri           The Uri to query.
     * @param selection     (Optional) Filter used in the query.
     * @param selectionArgs (Optional) Selection arguments used in the query.
     * @return The value of the _data column, which is typically a file path.
     */
    public static String getDataColumn(Context context, Uri uri, String selection,
                                       String[] selectionArgs) {
        Cursor cursor = null;
        String column = MediaStore.MediaColumns.DATA;
        String[] projection = {column};
        try {
            cursor = context.getContentResolver().query(uri, projection, selection, selectionArgs,
                    null);
            if (cursor != null && cursor.moveToFirst()) {
                int column_index = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(column);
                return cursor.getString(column_index);
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            if (cursor != null)
                cursor.close();
        }
        return null;
    }

    /**
     * @param uri The Uri to check.
     * @return Whether the Uri authority is ExternalStorageProvider.
     */
    public static boolean isExternalStorageDocument(Uri uri) {
        return "com.android.externalstorage.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority());
    }

    /**
     * @param uri The Uri to check.
     * @return Whether the Uri authority is DownloadsProvider.
     */
    public static boolean isDownloadsDocument(Uri uri) {
        return "com.android.providers.downloads.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority());
    }

    /**
     * @param uri The Uri to check.
     * @return Whether the Uri authority is MediaProvider.
     */
    public static boolean isMediaDocument(Uri uri) {
        return "com.android.providers.media.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority());
    }
}

AndroidManifest
添加權限

 <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CAMERA" />
    <!-- 用於寫入緩存數據到擴展存儲卡 -->
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />

註冊provider

 <provider
            android:name="androidx.core.content.FileProvider"
            android:authorities="${applicationId}.fileprovider"
            android:exported="false"
            android:grantUriPermissions="true">
            <meta-data
                android:name="android.support.FILE_PROVIDER_PATHS"
                android:resource="@xml/file_paths" />
        </provider>

在res文件夾中新建xml文件：file_paths

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<paths>
    <!-- 這個是保存拍照圖片的路徑,必須配置。 -->
    <external-path
        name="my_images"
        path="." />
</paths>

在app的build.gradle中引用

implementation 'com.zhy:okhttputils:2.6.2'

然後我運行的時候報錯

java.net.UnknownServiceException: CLEARTEXT communication ** not permitted by network security policy

解決辦法
在xml文件夾中新建：network_security_config

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<network-security-config>
                 
    <base-config cleartextTrafficPermitted="true" />
     
</network-security-config>

在application中直接引用

<application
android:networkSecurityConfig="@xml/network_security_config"
..../>