【第五章】C++ Primer plus 的編程練習題(選取部分)

/***********************************
	2017年10月9日16:18:02
	Athor：xiyuan255
	Course：C++
	Contain：review5.cpp
	Reference: C++ Primer plus
	說明：C++ Primer plus第五章的練習題(選取部分) 
	     【 P164 】
*************************************/
// review5.cpp -- C++ Primer plus 第五章練習題

#include <iostream>

#include <string>  // exsampleNo2 field
#include <array>   // exsampleNo2 field

#include <cstring> // exsampleNo8 field

using namespace std;

void exampleNo1(void);
void exampleNo2(void);
void exampleNo3(void);
void exampleNo4(void);
void exampleNo5(void);
void exampleNo6(void);
void exampleNo7(void);
void exampleNo8(void);
void exampleNo9(void);
void exampleNo10(void);

int main(void)
{
	//exampleNo1();   // example 1 test
	//exampleNo2();   // example 2 test
	//exampleNo3();   // example 3 test
	//exampleNo4();   // example 4 test
	//exampleNo5();   // example 5 test
	//exampleNo6();   // example 6 test
	//exampleNo7();   // example 7 test
    //exampleNo8();   // example 8 test
	//exampleNo9();   // example 9 test
	exampleNo10();   // example 10 test

	return 0;
}

void exampleNo1(void)
{
	cout << "請輸入兩個整數(由小到大)： \n";
	int num1, num2;
	cin >> num1 >> num2;
	long sum = 0;
	for (int i=num1; i<=num2; i++) {
		sum += i;
	}
	cout << "整數" << num1 << "到" << num2 << "之間的整數和是：\n";
	cout << "sum = " << sum << endl;

}
/**
輸出結果：
	請輸入兩個整數(由小到大)：
	[[ 2 9 ]] 
	整數2到9之間的整數和是：
	sum = 44
*/


void exampleNo2(void)
{
	const int ArSize = 16;
	array<long double, ArSize> factorials;
	factorials[1] = factorials[0] = 1LL;
	for (int i=2; i<ArSize; i++)
		factorials[i] = i * factorials[i-1];
	for (int i=0; i<ArSize; i++)
		cout << i << "! = " << factorials[i] << std::endl;
}
/**
輸出結果：
	0! = 1
	1! = 1
	2! = 2
	3! = 6
	4! = 24
	5! = 120
	6! = 720
	7! = 5040
	8! = 40320
	9! = 362880
	10! = 3.6288e+006
	11! = 3.99168e+007
	12! = 4.79002e+008
	13! = 6.22702e+009
	14! = 8.71783e+010
	15! = 1.30767e+012
*/

void exampleNo3(void)
{
	cout << "請輸入數字，輸入0作爲程序結束：\n";
	int count = 0;
	char ch = cin.get();
	while (ch != '0') {
		++count;
		if(ch == '\n') {
			cout << "count = " << count << endl;
		}
		ch = cin.get();
	}
	cout << "Total count = " << count << endl;
}
/**
輸出結果：
	請輸入數字，輸入0作爲程序結束：
	2623236
	count = 8
	1531436
	count = 16
	4510
	Total count = 19 
*/


void exampleNo4(void)
{
	const float Profit_D = 0.1f;
	const float Profit_C = 0.05f;
	double Daphne = 100.0;
	double Cleo = 100.0;
	
	int years = 1;
	while (Cleo <= Daphne) {
	   years++;
	   Daphne += 100.0 * Profit_D;
	   Cleo += Cleo * Profit_C;
	}
	cout << "經過" << years << "年後Cleo的投資價值超過Daphne的投資價值；\n"
		 << "此時兩個人的投資價值爲：Cleo = " << Cleo << ", " << "Daphne = " 
		 << Daphne << endl;
}
/**
輸出結果：
	經過28年後Cleo的投資價值超過Daphne的投資價值；
	此時兩個人的投資價值爲：Cleo = 373.346, Daphne = 370
*/

void exampleNo5(void)
{
	const char * Months[12] = {
		"January", "February", "March",
		"April",   "May",      "June",
		"July",    "August",   "September",
		"October", "November", "December"
	};

	array<int, 12> sales_volume;
	long sum_sales_volume = 0;
	for (int i=0; i<12; i++) {
		cout << "Please enter " << Months[i] << " of volume: ";
		cin >> sales_volume[i];
		sum_sales_volume += sales_volume[i];
	}
	cout << "Yearly sales volume is " << sum_sales_volume << endl;
}
/**
輸出結果：
	Please enter January of volume: 1000
	Please enter February of volume: 2000
	Please enter March of volume: 3000
	Please enter April of volume: 4000
	Please enter May of volume: 5000
	Please enter June of volume: 6000
	Please enter July of volume: 7000
	Please enter August of volume: 8000
	Please enter September of volume: 9000
	Please enter October of volume: 10000
	Please enter November of volume: 11000
	Please enter December of volume: 12000
	Yearly sales volume is 78000
*/

void exampleNo6(void)
{
	const string Months[12] = {
		"January", "February", "March",
		"April",   "May",      "June",
		"July",    "August",   "September",
		"October", "November", "December"
	};

	int sales_volume[3][12];
	long sum_sales_volume = 0;
	for (int i=0; i<3; i++) {
		cout << "Please enter the " << i+1 << " year.\n";
		for (int j=0; j<12; j++) {
			cout << " " << Months[j] << " of volume: ";
			cin >> sales_volume[i][j];
			sum_sales_volume += sales_volume[i][j];
		}
	}
	cout << "The three years sales volume is " << sum_sales_volume << endl;
}
/**
輸出結果：
	Please enter the 1 year.
	 January of volume: 1000
	 February of volume: 1000
	 March of volume: 1000
	 April of volume: 1000
	 May of volume: 1000
	 June of volume: 1000
	 July of volume: 1000
	 August of volume: 1000
	 September of volume: 1000
	 October of volume: 1000
	 November of volume: 1000
	 December of volume: 1000
	Please enter the 2 year.
	 January of volume: 2000
	 February of volume: 2000
	 March of volume: 2000
	 April of volume: 2000
	 May of volume: 2000
	 June of volume: 2000
	 July of volume: 2000
	 August of volume: 2000
	 September of volume: 2000
	 October of volume: 2000
	 November of volume: 2000
	 December of volume: 2000
	Please enter the 3 year.
	 January of volume: 3000
	 February of volume: 3000
	 March of volume: 3000
	 April of volume: 3000
	 May of volume: 3000
	 June of volume: 3000
	 July of volume: 3000
	 August of volume: 3000
	 September of volume: 3000
	 October of volume: 3000
	 November of volume: 3000
	 December of volume: 3000
	The three years sales volume is 72000
*/


void exampleNo7(void) 
{
	struct car_t {
		string company;
		int year;
	};
	cout << "How many cars do you wish to catalog? ";
	int count;
	cin >> count;
	cin.get(); 
	car_t * cars = new car_t[count];
	for (int i=0; i<count; i++) {
		cout << "Car #" << i + 1 << ": \n";
		cout << "Please enter the make: ";
		getline(cin, cars[i].company);
		cout << "Please enter the year made: ";
		cin >> cars[i].year;
		cin.get();
	}

	cout << "Here is your collection: \n";
	for (int i=0; i<count; i++) {
		cout << cars[i].year << " " << cars[i].company << endl;
	}
	delete [] cars;

}
/**
輸出結果：
	How many cars do you wish to catalog? 2
	Car #1:
	Please enter the make: Hudson Hornet
	Please enter the year made: 1952
	Car #2:
	Please enter the make: Kaiser
	Please enter the year made: 1951
	Here is your collection:
	1952 Hudson Hornet
	1951 Kaiser
*/


void exampleNo8(void) 
{
	char words[20];
	cout << "Enter words (to stop, type the word done): \n";
	int count = 0;
	cin >> words; // 這語句的含義：將輸入流cin與words建立連接，
	              // 以空白作爲分隔符，遇到回車關閉該此連接；
	//cout << "words = " << words << endl;
	while (strcmp(words, "done")) {
		cin >> words;
		//cout << "words = " << words << endl;
		count++;
	}
	cout << "You entered a total of " << count << " words.\n";

}
/**
輸出結果：
	Enter words (to stop, type the word done):
	anteater birthday category dumpster
	envy finagle geometry done for sure
	You entered a total of 7 words.
*/


void exampleNo9(void) 
{
	string words;
	cout << "Enter words (to stop, type the word done): \n";
	int count = 0;
	cin >> words; // 這語句的含義：將輸入流cin與words建立連接，
	              // 以空白作爲分隔符，遇到回車關閉該此連接；
	while (words != "done") { 
		cin >> words;
		count++;
	}
	cout << "You entered a total of " << count << " words.\n";

}
/**
輸出結果：
	Enter words (to stop, type the word done):
	anteater birthday category dumpster
	envy finagle geometry done for sure
	You entered a total of 7 words.
*/


void exampleNo10(void)
{
	cout << "Enter number of rows: ";
	int rows;
	cin >> rows;
	for (int i=0; i<rows; i++) {
		for (int j=0; j<rows; j++) {
			if ((rows-1)-(j+i) > 0)
				cout << ". ";
			else
				cout << "* ";
		}
		cout << endl;
	}
}
/**
輸出結果：
	Enter number of rows: 10
	. . . . . . . . . *
	. . . . . . . . * *
	. . . . . . . * * *
	. . . . . . * * * *
	. . . . . * * * * *
	. . . . * * * * * *
	. . . * * * * * * *
	. . * * * * * * * *
	. * * * * * * * * *
	* * * * * * * * * *
*/