boost xpressive簡明用法

xpressive是一個先進的，靈活的，功能強大的正則表達式庫，提供了對正則表達式的全面支持，而且比原正則表達式庫boost.regex要好的是它不需要編譯，速度快，同時語法又很類似。

以下是對匹配，查找，替換的基本用法

#include <boost/xpressive/xpressive_dynamic.hpp>
#include <boost/typeof/typeof.hpp>
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
void Cregex_use()
{
	using namespace boost::xpressive;
	cregex reg = cregex::compile("a.c");
	assert(regex_match("abc", reg));
	assert(regex_match("a+c", reg));
	assert(!regex_match("ac", reg));
	assert(!regex_match("abdc", reg));

}
void IdCodeMatch()
{
    //身份證號的匹配
    //地區編碼 \d{6}
    //出生日   (1|2)\d{3}(0|1)\d[0-3]\d
    //最後四位 \d{3}(X|\d)
	using namespace boost::xpressive;
    //        \d{6}(1|2)\d{3}(0|1)\d[0-3]\d\d{3}(X|\d)
	cregex reg = cregex::compile("\\d{6}(1|2)\\d{3}(0|1)\\d[0-3]\\d\\d{3}(X|\\d)", icase);//忽略大小寫
    
	assert(regex_match("420112199003011234", reg));
	assert(regex_match("42011219900301123x", reg));
	assert(regex_match("42011229900301123X", reg));

	assert(!regex_match("420112399003011234", reg));
	assert(!regex_match("420112199023011234", reg));
	assert(!regex_match("42011219900301123z", reg));
}
void GetBirthDayFromIdCode()
{
	using namespace boost::xpressive;
    //                           \d{6}((1|2)\d{3})((0|1)\d)([0-3]\d)\d{3}(X|\d)
	cregex reg = cregex::compile("\\d{6}((1|2)\\d{3})((0|1)\\d)([0-3]\\d)\\d{3}(X|\\d)", icase);
	cmatch what;
	assert(regex_match("420112199003011234", what,reg));
	for (BOOST_AUTO(pos, what.begin()); pos != what.end(); ++pos)
	{
		std::cout << "[" << * pos << "] ";
	}
	std::cout << std::endl;
	std::cout << "date:" << what[1] << what[3] << what[5] << std::endl;
}
void Regex_search_use()
{
	using namespace boost::xpressive;
	char * str = "there is POWER-suit item";
    //                         (power)-(.{4}) 
	cregex reg = cregex::compile("(power)-(.{4})", icase);
	assert(regex_search(str, reg));
	cmatch what;
	regex_search(str,what, reg);
	assert(what.size() == 3);
	std::cout << what[1] << what[2];
	assert(!regex_search("error message", reg));
}
void Regex_replace_use()
{
	using namespace boost::xpressive;
	std::string str("readme.txt");
	sregex reg1 = sregex::compile("(.*)(me)");
	sregex reg2 = sregex::compile("(t)(.)(t)");
	std::cout << regex_replace(str, reg1,"manual") << std::endl;
	std::cout << regex_replace(str, reg1,"$1you") << std::endl;
	std::cout << regex_replace(str, reg1,"$&$&") << std::endl;
	std::cout << regex_replace(str, reg1,"$$") << std::endl;

	std::cout << regex_replace(str, reg2,"$1N$3") << std::endl;
	std::cout << regex_replace(str, reg2,"$1$3") << std::endl;
}
void Regex_iterator_use()
{
    using namespace boost::xpressive;
    std::string str("ability,about,abroad,absent are all start with ab");
    sregex reg = sregex::compile("ab\\w+");
    sregex_iterator pos(str.begin(), str.end(), reg);
    sregex_iterator end;
    while (pos != end)
    {
        std::cout << "[" << (*pos)[0]<<"] ";
        pos++;
    }
    std::cout <<" all start with ab"<< std::endl;
}
void Regex_token_iterator_use()
{
    using namespace boost::xpressive;
    char * str = "*Lilei*||+Mack+||Jack!!||+Lucy";
    // 查找出所有的單詞
    cregex reg = cregex::compile("\\w+", icase);
    cregex_token_iterator pos(str, str + strlen(str), reg);
    while (pos != cregex_token_iterator())
    {
        std::cout << "[" << *pos << "] ";
        pos++;
    }
    std::cout << std::endl;
    
    //使用分格符
    cregex spilt_reg = cregex::compile("\\|\\|", icase);
    // 最後一個參數，如果是-1,則前面的是分格符，如果爲正數，則返匹配結果的第args個字符串
    pos = cregex_token_iterator(str, str + strlen(str),spilt_reg,-1);
    while (pos != cregex_token_iterator())
    {
        std::cout << "[" << *pos << "] ";
        pos++;
    }
    std::cout << std::endl;
}
 int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[])
{
	//Cregex_use();
	//IdCodeMatch();
	//GetBirthDayFromIdCode();
	//Regex_search_use();
	Regex_replace_use();
	return 0;
}

結果：

使用的是1.57版本的boost

BOOST_AUTO聲明在typeof.hpp中

regex_replace遵循ECMA-262標準的替換。

正則表達式參考：http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%AD%A3%E5%88%99%E8%A1%A8%E8%BE%BE%E5%BC%8F

更詳細的使用參考：http://sns.hwcrazy.com/boost_1_41_0/doc/html/xpressive/user_s_guide.html