手動無埋點的方式，效率低，成本高，見效慢，故開發一套sdk自動採集pv，click等事件；

實現無埋點主流方案有幾下幾種：

1.View.AccessibilityDelegate

1.1先看下爲什麼採用View.AccessibilityDelegate方式，通過View源碼如何執行點擊事件：

public boolean performClick() {
        final boolean result;
        final ListenerInfo li = mListenerInfo;
        if (li != null && li.mOnClickListener != null) {
            playSoundEffect(SoundEffectConstants.CLICK);
            li.mOnClickListener.onClick(this);
            result = true;
        } else {
            result = false;
        }

        sendAccessibilityEvent(AccessibilityEvent.TYPE_VIEW_CLICKED);
        return result;
    }

第一步：調用View設置的點擊事件實例onClick()回調方法，View接受到點擊事件回調執行登錄，註冊，播放視頻等操作；

ListenerInfo.mOnClickListener.onClick(this);

第二步：發送給定類型的可訪問性事件，AccessibilityEvent定義了可訪問的事件類型例如：點擊事件-TYPE_VIEW_CLICKED，長按事件-TYPE_VIEW_LONG_CLICKED等；

sendAccessibilityEvent(AccessibilityEvent.TYPE_VIEW_CLICKED);

public void sendAccessibilityEvent(int eventType) {
        if (mAccessibilityDelegate != null) {
            mAccessibilityDelegate.sendAccessibilityEvent(this, eventType);
        } else {
            sendAccessibilityEventInternal(eventType);
        }
    }

通過如上代碼我們發現最後調用AccessibilityDelegate實例對象方法sendAccessibilityEvent(this, eventType)，那麼是否可以重寫AccessibilityDelegate類和sendAccessibilityEvent(this, eventType)來完成埋點操作呢？

 public void setAccessibilityDelegate(@Nullable AccessibilityDelegate delegate) {
        mAccessibilityDelegate = delegate;
    }

我們發現可以自己手動設置AccessibilityDelegate實例替換View中現有AccessibilityDelegate實例對象，在自定義AccessibilityDelegate類sendAccessibilityEvent(this, eventType)完成埋點操作；

1.2完成替換View中AccessibilityDelegate類，實現sendAccessibilityEvent(this, eventType)方法

在Application提供了監聽Activity生命週期的方法registerActivityLifecycleCallbacks()，在生命週期回調onActivityResumed()方法中爲RootView下的所有視圖設置自己實現AccessibilityDelegate類進行埋點；

public void initActivityLifeCycle(){
        registerActivityLifecycleCallbacks(new ActivityLifecycleCallbacks() {
            @Override
            public void onActivityResumed(Activity activity) {
                sendLog(activity, "onActivityResumed");
                ViewGroup viewGroup = (ViewGroup) activity.getWindow().getDecorView().findViewById(android.R.id.content);
            mOnGlobalLayoutListener = new MOnGlobalLayoutListener(viewGroup); 
               viewGroup.getViewTreeObserver().addOnGlobalLayoutListener(mOnGlobalLayoutListener);             

            }


            @Override
            public void onActivityPaused(Activity activity) {
                sendLog(activity, "onActivityPaused");
                ViewGroup viewGroup = (ViewGroup) activity.getWindow().getDecorView().findViewById(android.R.id.content);
                viewGroup.getViewTreeObserver().removeGlobalOnLayoutListener(mOnGlobalLayoutListener);
                mOnGlobalLayoutListener = null;
            }

        });
    }



//遍歷設置AccessibilityDelegate實現類
    public void setAccessibilityDelegate(ViewGroup viewGroup){
        int childCount = viewGroup.getChildCount();
        for(int i=0; i<childCount; i++){
            if(viewGroup.getChildAt(i) instanceof ViewGroup){
                setAccessibilityDelegate((ViewGroup) viewGroup.getChildAt(i));
            }else{
                 if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.ICE_CREAM_SANDWICH_MR1) {
                if(viewGroup.getChildAt(i).hasOnClickListeners()){
                    BuryingPointAccessibilityDelegate accessibilityDelegate = new BuryingPointAccessibilityDelegate();
                    viewGroup.getChildAt(i).setAccessibilityDelegate(accessibilityDelegate);
                }
              }
            }
        }
    }

    private class MOnGlobalLayoutListener implements ViewTreeObserver.OnGlobalLayoutListener{
        private ViewGroup viewGroup;

        public MOnGlobalLayoutListener(ViewGroup viewGroup){
            this.viewGroup = viewGroup;
        }

        @Override
        public void onGlobalLayout() {
            setAccessibilityDelegate(viewGroup);
        }
    }

    private MOnGlobalLayoutListener mOnGlobalLayoutListener;

埋點實現：

/**
 * AccessibilityDelegate實現類，完成埋點操作
 */

public class BuryingPointAccessibilityDelegate extends View.AccessibilityDelegate {
    @Override
    public void sendAccessibilityEvent(View host, int eventType) {
        super.sendAccessibilityEvent(host, eventType);
        //埋點
        sendLog(host, eventType);
    }

    private void sendLog(View host, int eventType) {
        if(eventType == AccessibilityEvent.TYPE_VIEW_CLICKED){
            Log.d(ViewPathUtil.getViewPath(host), "AccessibilityEvent.TYPE_VIEW_CLICKED");
        }
        //...
    }
}

MainActivity[OneFragment]:LinearLayout/FrameLayout[0]/LinearLayout[0]/AppCompatTextView[0]

AccessibilityEvent.TYPE_VIEW_CLICKED

注意事項：

a.跟視圖是指的android.R.id.content，activity.getWindow().getDecorView().findViewById(android.R.id.content)；

b.需要爲跟視圖添加OnGlobalLayoutListener全部佈局變化監聽器，方便視圖變化時重新設置實現AccessibilityDelegate類進行埋點，viewGroup.getViewTreeObserver().addOnGlobalLayoutListener(mOnGlobalLayoutListener); 在onActivityPaused()方法要記得移除OnGlobalLayoutListener；

缺點：

a.獲取的是Activity跟視圖重新設置了AccessibilityDelegate類進行埋點，無法爲遊離Activity上的Dialog，PopWindow進行埋點；

b.viewGroup.getChildAt(i).hasOnClickListeners()，hasOnClickListeners()需要api版本爲15；

c.每次視圖有變化遍歷所有的視圖，重新設置AccessibilityDelegate類進行埋點，耗費性能；

處理替換AccessibilityDelegate方式，也可以採用Hook方式用OnClickListener代理類替換View下ListenerInfo持有的OnClickListener實例方式實現埋點：

參考：https://blog.csdn.net/ahou2468/article/details/106503190

2.gradle插件字節碼插裝

通過修改字節碼的方式進行埋點效果如下：

Activity
protected void onCreate(@Nullable Bundle var1) {
        InterceptEventHanlder.activityOnCreate(this);
        super.onCreate(var1);
    }

public void onClick(View var1) {
        InterceptEventHanlder.onClick(var1);
        switch(var1.getId()) {}
    }

通過自定義gradle插件攔截View的onClick方法及Activity，fragment生命週期方法，插入自定義的採集方法，從而監聽pv，click事件；

2.1Android下apk編譯流程

通過上圖可以看出，我們就是在class文件打包到dex文件的過程中增加transform任務，執行插入代碼；

2.2編寫gradle插件模塊(groovy文件實現)

自定義插件參考：https://blog.csdn.net/ahou2468/article/details/106675881

groovy文件編寫可以當Java寫；

2.2.1工程下新建buildSrc模塊（系統保留名稱）

2.2.2編寫插件

import com.android.build.gradle.BaseExtension
import org.gradle.api.Plugin
import org.gradle.api.Project

/**
 * @author harvie
 */
class NoTracePointPlugin implements Plugin<Project>{

    @Override
    void apply(Project project) {
        project.extensions.create(ClassModifyUtil.CONFIG_NAME,NoTracePointPluginParams)
        registerTransform(project)
    }

    def static registerTransform(Project project){
        BaseExtension extension = project.extensions.getByType(BaseExtension)
        NoTracePointTransform transform = new NoTracePointTransform(project)
        extension.registerTransform(transform)
    }
}

其中apply方法中的project對象用於讀取build.gradle(例如：模塊module的app)文件的一些配置信息，將自定義的transform類註冊進去後，執行工程編譯命令時就會執行自定義的transform中的代碼；

2.2.3編寫Transform

import com.android.build.api.transform.*
import com.android.build.gradle.BaseExtension
import com.android.build.gradle.internal.pipeline.TransformManager
import groovy.io.FileType
import org.gradle.api.Project

import java.util.jar.JarEntry
import java.util.jar.JarFile

/**
 * @author harvie
 */
class NoTracePointTransform extends Transform{

    private static Project project
    private static BaseExtension android
    //需要掃描的目標包名集合
    private static Set<String> targetPackages = new HashSet<>()

    NoTracePointTransform(Project project) {
        this.project = project
        this.android = project.extensions.getByType(BaseExtension)
        ClassModifyUtil.project = project
        ClassModifyUtil.noTracePointPluginParams = project.noTracePoint
    }

    @Override
    String getName() {
        //transform任務名稱，隨意
        return "noTracePointTransform"
    }

    @Override
    Set<QualifiedContent.ContentType> getInputTypes() {
        //輸入類型 class文件
        return TransformManager.CONTENT_CLASS
    }

    @Override
    Set<? super QualifiedContent.Scope> getScopes() {
        //作用域 全局工程
        return TransformManager.SCOPE_FULL_PROJECT
    }

    @Override
    boolean isIncremental() {
        //是否增量構建
        return true
    }

    @Override
    void transform(Context context, Collection<TransformInput> inputs, Collection<TransformInput> referencedInputs, TransformOutputProvider outputProvider, boolean isIncremental) throws IOException, TransformException, InterruptedException {
        //核心操作
        long t1 = System.currentTimeMillis()
        HLog.i("transform start: "+t1)
        // 取build.gradle中配置包名數組
        HashSet<String> tempPackages = project.noTracePoint.targetPackages
        //此處省略部分非核心代碼
        // 開始遍歷全局jar包
        inputs.each {TransformInput input->
            input.jarInputs.each { JarInput jarInput->

                /** 獲得輸出文件*/
                File dest = outputProvider.getContentLocation(jarInput.file.absolutePath, jarInput.contentTypes, jarInput.scopes, Format.JAR)
                File modifiedJar = null
                modifiedJar = ClassModifyUtil.modifyJarFile(jarInput.file,context.getTemporaryDir(),android,targetPackages)
                if (modifiedJar == null){
                    modifiedJar = jarInput.file
                }
                // 因爲當前transform的輸出文件會成爲下一個任務的輸入，故需要將修改的文件copy到輸出目錄
                FileUtils.copyFile(modifiedJar,dest)
            }
            //遍歷目錄
            input.directoryInputs.each { DirectoryInput directoryInput->

                File dest = outputProvider.getContentLocation(directoryInput.name, directoryInput.contentTypes, directoryInput.scopes, Format.DIRECTORY)
                File dirFile = directoryInput.file

                if (dirFile){
                    HashMap modifyMap = new HashMap()
                    dirFile.traverse(type: FileType.FILES,nameFilter:~/.*\.class/){
                        File classFile ->

                            //此處省略部分非核心代碼，與上面修改class類似
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        long t2 = System.currentTimeMillis()
        HLog.i("transform end 耗時: "+(t2-t1)+"毫秒")
    }
}

2.2.4字節碼修改

import org.objectweb.asm.ClassVisitor
import org.objectweb.asm.MethodVisitor
import org.objectweb.asm.Opcodes

/**
 * @author harvie
 * asm 字節碼操作工具類
 */
class HClassVisitor extends ClassVisitor{

    private String[] interfaces
    private String superName
    private String className

    private ClassVisitor classVisitor

    //記錄已訪問的fragment方法
    private HashSet<String> methodName = new HashSet<>();

    HClassVisitor(ClassVisitor cv){
        super(Opcodes.ASM5,cv)
        this.classVisitor = cv
    }

    /**
     * 訪問類頭部信息
     * @param version
     * @param access
     * @param name
     * @param signature
     * @param superName
     * @param interfaces
     */
    @Override
    void visit(int version, int access, String name, String signature, String superName, String[] interfaces) {
        this.interfaces = interfaces
        this.superName = superName
        this.className = name.contains('$')?name.substring(0,name.indexOf('$')):name
        super.visit(version, access, name, signature, superName, interfaces)
    }

    /**
     * 訪問類方法
     * @param access
     * @param name
     * @param desc
     * @param signature
     * @param exceptions
     * @return
     */
    @Override
    MethodVisitor visitMethod(int access, String name, String desc, String signature, String[] exceptions) {
        MethodVisitor mv = cv.visitMethod( access,  name,  desc,  signature, exceptions)

        String nameDesc = name+desc

        return new MethodVisitor(this.api, mv){

            @Override
            void visitCode() {

                //點擊事件
                if (interfaces!=null && interfaces.length>0){

                    MethodCode methodCode = InterceptEventConfig.interfaceMethods.get(nameDesc)
                    if(methodCode!=null){
                        mv.visitVarInsn(Opcodes.ALOAD, 1)
                        mv.visitMethodInsn(Opcodes.INVOKESTATIC, methodCode.owner, methodCode.agentName, methodCode.agentDesc, false)
                    }
                }

                //activity生命週期hook
                if (instanceOfActivity(superName)){
                    MethodCode methodCode = InterceptEventConfig.activityMethods.get(nameDesc)
                    if (methodCode!=null){
                        methodName.add(nameDesc)
                        mv.visitVarInsn(Opcodes.ALOAD, 0)
                        mv.visitMethodInsn(Opcodes.INVOKESTATIC, methodCode.owner, methodCode.agentName, methodCode.agentDesc, false)
                    }
                }
                super.visitCode()
            }

            @Override
            void visitInsn(int opcode) {
                //fragment 頁面hook
                if (instanceOfFragemnt(superName)) {
                    MethodCode methodCode = InterceptEventConfig.fragmentMethods.get(nameDesc)
                    if (methodCode != null) {
                        methodName.add(nameDesc)
                        if (opcode == Opcodes.RETURN) {
                            mv.visitVarInsn(Opcodes.ALOAD, 0)
                            mv.visitVarInsn(Opcodes.ILOAD, 1)
                            if (superName == 'android/app/Fragment'){
                                mv.visitMethodInsn(Opcodes.INVOKESTATIC, methodCode.owner, methodCode.agentName, '(Landroid/app/Fragment;Z)V', false)
                            }else {
                                mv.visitMethodInsn(Opcodes.INVOKESTATIC, methodCode.owner, methodCode.agentName, '(Landroid/support/v4/app/Fragment;Z)V', false)
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
                super.visitInsn(opcode)
            }
        }
    }

    @Override
    void visitEnd() {
        if (instanceOfActivity(superName)){
            //防止activity沒有複寫oncreate方法，再次檢測添加
            Iterator iterator = InterceptEventConfig.activityMethods.keySet().iterator()
            while (iterator.hasNext()) {
                String key = iterator.next()
                MethodCode methodCell = InterceptEventConfig.activityMethods.get(key)
                if (methodName.contains(key)) {
                    continue
                }
                //添加需要的生命週期方法
                if (key == 'onCreate(Landroid/os/Bundle;)V' || key == 'onResume()V'){
                    MethodVisitor methodVisitor = classVisitor.visitMethod(Opcodes.ACC_PUBLIC, methodCell.name, methodCell.desc, null, null)
                    methodVisitor.visitCode()
                    methodVisitor.visitVarInsn(Opcodes.ALOAD, 0)

                    methodVisitor.visitVarInsn(Opcodes.ALOAD, 0)
                    if (key == 'onCreate(Landroid/os/Bundle;)V') {
                        methodVisitor.visitVarInsn(Opcodes.ALOAD, 1)
                    }
                    methodVisitor.visitMethodInsn(Opcodes.INVOKESPECIAL, superName, methodCell.name, methodCell.desc, false)
                    methodVisitor.visitMethodInsn(Opcodes.INVOKESTATIC, methodCell.owner, methodCell.agentName, methodCell.agentDesc, false)
                    methodVisitor.visitInsn(Opcodes.RETURN)
                    methodVisitor.visitMaxs(2, 2)
                    methodVisitor.visitEnd()
                }
            }

        }else if (instanceOfFragemnt(superName)){
            Iterator iterator = InterceptEventConfig.fragmentMethods.keySet().iterator()
            while (iterator.hasNext()){
                String key = iterator.next()
                MethodCode methodCell = InterceptEventConfig.fragmentMethods.get(key)
                if (methodName.contains(key)){
                    continue
                }
                //添加需要的生命週期方法
                MethodVisitor methodVisitor = classVisitor.visitMethod(Opcodes.ACC_PUBLIC, methodCell.name, methodCell.desc, null, null)
                methodVisitor.visitCode()
                methodVisitor.visitVarInsn(Opcodes.ALOAD, 0)
                methodVisitor.visitVarInsn(Opcodes.ILOAD, 1)
                methodVisitor.visitMethodInsn(Opcodes.INVOKESPECIAL, superName, methodCell.name, methodCell.desc, false)
                methodVisitor.visitVarInsn(Opcodes.ALOAD, 0)
                methodVisitor.visitVarInsn(Opcodes.ILOAD, 1)
                if (superName == 'android/app/Fragment'){
                    methodVisitor.visitMethodInsn(Opcodes.INVOKESTATIC, methodCell.owner, methodCell.agentName, '(Landroid/app/Fragment;Z)V', false)
                }else {
                    methodVisitor.visitMethodInsn(Opcodes.INVOKESTATIC, methodCell.owner, methodCell.agentName, '(Landroid/support/v4/app/Fragment;Z)V', false)
                }
                methodVisitor.visitInsn(Opcodes.RETURN)
                methodVisitor.visitMaxs(2, 2)
                methodVisitor.visitEnd()
            }
        }
        super.visitEnd()
    }
}

下面是字節碼操作後的代碼示例：

public class MainActivity extends Activity {
    public MainActivity() {
    }

    protected void onCreate(Bundle var1) {
        //這一行就是通過插件植入的代碼
        ActivityHelper.onCreate(this);
        super.onCreate(var1);
        this.setContentView(2131296284);
        ((TextView)this.findViewById(2131165331)).setOnClickListener(new 0(this));
    }

    public void onResume() {
        super.onResume();
        //這一行就是通過插件植入的
        ActivityHelper.onResume(this);
    }
}

2.3編寫事件處理模塊(Java)

2.3.1Activity及Fragment相關hook接受，點擊事件接受

public class InterceptEventHanlder {
    private static String TAG = "tracepoint";

    //------------------- activity 事件接收
    public static void activityOnCreate(Activity activity){
        Log.e(TAG,activity.getClass().getName());
    }

    public static void activityOnResume(Activity activity) {
        Log.e(TAG,activity.getClass().getName());
    }
    //------------------- fragment 事件接收
    public static void setUserVisibleHint(Fragment fragment, boolean visiable){
        if (visiable){
            Log.e(TAG,"pv:"+fragment.getClass().getName());
        }
    }

    public static void onHiddenChanged(Fragment fragment,boolean hidden){

        if (!hidden){
            Log.e(TAG,"pv:"+fragment.getClass().getName());
        }
    }

    public static void setUserVisibleHint(android.support.v4.app.Fragment fragment,boolean visiable){

        if (visiable){
            Log.e(TAG,"pv:"+fragment.getClass().getName());
        }
    }

    public static void onHiddenChanged(android.support.v4.app.Fragment fragment,boolean hidden){

        if (!hidden){
            Log.e(TAG,"pv:"+fragment.getClass().getName());
        }
    }

    //------------------- click 事件接收

    public static void onClick(View view){

        try {
            //以下ViewPath工具類可從源碼app模塊中獲取
            //Activity activity = ViewPathUtil.getActivity(view);
            String path = ViewPathUtil.getViewPath(view);

            Log.e(TAG,"viewPath:"+path);
        }catch (Exception e){e.printStackTrace();}
    }
}

3.保證View的唯一路徑

package fan.fragmentdemo.notracepoint;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.ContextWrapper;
import android.text.TextUtils;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.view.ViewParent;

/**
 * view唯一ID生成器
 */
public class ViewPathUtil {
    //設置Fragment下View的Tag對應的key
    public static final int FRAGMENT_NAME_TAG = 0xff000001;

    /**
     * 獲取view的頁面唯一值
     * @return
     */
    public static String getViewPath(View view){
        Activity activity = getActivity(view);
        String pageName = (String)view.getTag(FRAGMENT_NAME_TAG);
        if(TextUtils.isEmpty(pageName)){
            pageName = activity.getClass().getSimpleName();
        }else{
            pageName = activity.getClass().getSimpleName()+"["+pageName+"]";
        }

        String vId = getViewId(view);
        return pageName+":"+ vId;//MD5Util.md5(vId);
    }

    /**
     * 獲取頁面名稱
     * @param view
     * @return
     */
    public static Activity getActivity(View view){
        Context context = view.getContext();
        while (context instanceof ContextWrapper){
            if (context instanceof Activity){
                return ((Activity)context);
            }
            context = ((ContextWrapper) context).getBaseContext();
        }
        return null;
    }

    /**
     * 獲取view唯一id,根據xml文件內容計算
     * @param currentView
     * @return
     */
    private static String getViewId(View currentView){

        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();

        //當前需要計算位置的view
        View view = currentView;
        ViewParent viewParent =  view.getParent();

        while (viewParent!=null && viewParent instanceof ViewGroup){

            ViewGroup tview = (ViewGroup) viewParent;
            if(((View)view.getParent()).getId() == android.R.id.content){
                sb.insert(0,view.getClass().getSimpleName());
                break;
            }else{
                int index = getChildIndex(tview,view);
                sb.insert(0,"/"+view.getClass().getSimpleName()+"["+(index==-1?"-":index)+"]");
            }

            viewParent = tview.getParent();
            view = tview;
        }
        Log.e("Path", sb.toString());
        return sb.toString();
    }

    /**
     * 計算當前 view在父容器中相對於同類型view的位置
     */
    private static int getChildIndex(ViewGroup viewGroup,View view){
        if (viewGroup ==null || view == null){
            return -1;
        }
        String viewName = view.getClass().getName();
        int index = 0;
        for (int i = 0;i < viewGroup.getChildCount();i++){
            View el = viewGroup.getChildAt(i);
            String elName = el.getClass().getName();
            if (elName.equals(viewName)){
                //表示同類型的view
                if (el == view){
                    return index;
                }else {
                    index++;
                }
            }
        }
        return -1;
    }
}

以上埋點的基本流程，參考代碼：https://github.com/harvie1208/TracePoint

4.總結

a.gradle插件話埋點無需要手動埋點，採用字節碼埋點，大大減少手動埋點的工作量；

b.gradle插件話埋點不需要哦後期查補埋點；

c.一些業務數據需要手動埋點；

d.舊的頁面項目升級時頁面結構發生變化可能導致View的唯一路徑發生變化，後臺需要重新爲此View命名；

參考：

https://juejin.im/post/5dae95c4f265da5bb7466357#heading-2

Android實現無痕埋點具體實現-採用代碼插樁的方式

1.View.AccessibilityDelegate

1.1先看下爲什麼採用View.AccessibilityDelegate方式，通過View源碼如何執行點擊事件：

1.2完成替換View中AccessibilityDelegate類，實現sendAccessibilityEvent(this, eventType)方法

2.gradle插件字節碼插裝

2.1Android下apk編譯流程

2.2編寫gradle插件模塊(groovy文件實現)

2.2.1工程下新建buildSrc模塊（系統保留名稱）

2.2.3編寫Transform

2.2.4字節碼修改

2.3編寫事件處理模塊(Java)

2.3.1Activity及Fragment相關hook接受，點擊事件接受

3.保證View的唯一路徑

4.總結

Android常見內存泄漏原因和解決辦法

內存分析工具之LeakCanary2.4使用整理

內存分析工具LeakCanary是如何工作的

12.React Native文件創建、查看、下載、上傳-react-native-fs

Activity之Fragment詳解和回退

https://yachay.unat.edu.pe/blog/index.php?comment_area=format_blog&comment_component=blog&comment_co

linux以太網驅動總結