rpm用法:
安装 mysql-5.0.22-2.1.0.1.i386.rpm
# rpm -ivh mysql/*.rpm
启动mysql服务:
# service mysqld start
查看mysql是否正常监听3306端口:
# netstat -nat
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:3306 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN
设置mysql默认用户root的密码:
# mysqladmin -u root -p password '123456'
以root用户登陆mysql数据库:
# mysql -u root -p
备份数据库:
# mysqldump -u root -p --opt test>test.bak
导入备份:
# mysql -u root -p test<test.bak
远程登陆mysql:
# mysql -u root -p -h 192.168.1.27
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mysql官方tar.gz用法:
添加mysql系统用户:
# groupadd mysql
# useradd -r -g mysql mysql
-r参数说明是系统用户,不可登录。系统用户没有用户之家目录,若非要用户之家目录,则再加-m参数。
解压mysql-5.5.16-linux2.6-i686.tar.gz:
# cd /home/mysql
# tar -zxvf mysql-5.5.16-linux2.6-i686.tar.gz
# cd /home/mysql/mysql-5.5.16-linux2.6-i686
# chown -R mysql:mysql .
初始化数据库(以mysql用户身份生成权限表):
# scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql
该步骤必须在mysql目录中。
# chown -R root .
# chown -R mysql data
权限设置的最终结果为,除了data文件夹属于mysql用户外,其它文件所有者都为root。这样保证了mysql用户只有对数据库操作的权限。
# ln -s /home/mysql/mysql-5.5.16-linux2.6-i686 /usr/local/mysql
启动mysql:
# /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server start
推荐,但必须软链接到/usr/local/mysql。
# bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &
该步骤必须在mysql目录中执行,且停止mysql时要输入密码。
停止mysql:
# /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server stop
# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root -p shutdown
可选步骤:
# ln -s /home/mysql/mysql-5.5.16-linux2.6-i686/support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf
my.cnf是mysql的配置文件。
注册mysql服务:
# ln -s /home/mysql/mysql-5.5.16-linux2.6-i686/support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql.server
开机启用mysql服务:
# chkconfig --level 35 mysql.server on
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我的用法:
解压zxvf mysql-5.5.16-linux2.6-i686.tar.gz:
$ cd /home/mysql
$ tar -zxvf mysql-5.5.16-linux2.6-i686.tar.gz
初始化数据库:
$ cd /home/mysql/mysql-5.5.16-linux2.6-i686
$ scripts/mysql_install_db
设置mysql目录:
$ vi /home/mysql/mysql-5.5.16-linux2.6-i686/support-files/mysql.server
将第46行改为:basedir=/home/mysql/mysql-5.5.16-linux2.6-i686
启动mysql:
$ /home/mysql/mysql-5.5.16-linux2.6-i686/support-files/mysql.server start
设置root账户密码:
$ /home/mysql/mysql-5.5.16-linux2.6-i686/bin/mysqladmin -u root -p password '123456'
以root账户登录mysql:
$ /home/mysql/mysql-5.5.16-linux2.6-i686/bin/mysql -u root -p
停止mysql:
$ /home/mysql/mysql-5.5.16-linux2.6-i686/support-files/mysql.server stop
创建数据库:
mysql> create database newdb;
导入脚本:
mysql> source /tmp/script.sql;
删除数据库:
mysql> drop database if exists newdb;
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-h参数无法连接远程mysql的问题:
登录mysql,查询mysql数据库的user表
mysql> use mysql;
mysql> select * from user;
+-----------------------+------+-------------------------------------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-----------+-------------+---------------+--------------+-----------+------------+-----------------+------------+------------+--------------+------------+-----------------------+------------------+--------------+-----------------+------------------+------------------+----------------+---------------------+--------------------+------------------+------------+--------------+------------------------+----------+------------+-------------+--------------+---------------+-------------+-----------------+----------------------+--------+-----------------------+
| Host | User | Password | Select_priv | Insert_priv | Update_priv | Delete_priv | Create_priv | Drop_priv | Reload_priv | Shutdown_priv | Process_priv | File_priv | Grant_priv | References_priv | Index_priv
| Alter_priv | Show_db_priv | Super_priv | Create_tmp_table_priv | Lock_tables_priv | Execute_priv | Repl_slave_priv | Repl_client_priv | Create_view_priv | Show_view_priv | Create_routine_priv | Alter_routine_priv | Create_user_priv | Event_priv | Trigger_priv
| Create_tablespace_priv | ssl_type | ssl_cipher | x509_issuer | x509_subject | max_questions | max_updates | max_connections | max_user_connections | plugin | authentication_string |
+-----------------------+------+-------------------------------------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-----------+-------------+---------------+--------------+-----------+------------+-----------------+------------+------------+--------------+------------+-----------------------+------------------+--------------+-----------------+------------------+------------------+----------------+---------------------+--------------------+------------------+------------+--------------+------------------------+----------+------------+-------------+--------------+---------------+-------------+-----------------+----------------------+--------+-----------------------+
| localhost | root | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y
| Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y
| Y | | | | | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | | |
| localhost.localdomain | root | | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y
| Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y
| Y | | | | | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | | |
| 127.0.0.1 | root | | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y
| Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y
| Y | | | | | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | | |
| ::1 | root | | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y
| Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y
| Y | | | | | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | | |
| localhost | | | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N
| N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N
| N | | | | | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | | NULL |
| localhost.localdomain | | | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N
| N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N
| N | | | | | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | | NULL |
+-----------------------+------+-------------------------------------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-----------+-------------+---------------+--------------+-----------+------------+-----------------+------------+------------+--------------+------------+-----------------------+------------------+--------------+-----------------+------------------+------------------+----------------+---------------------+--------------------+------------------+------------+--------------+------------------------+----------+------------+-------------+--------------+---------------+-------------+-----------------+----------------------+--------+-----------------------+
发现只有localhost有Password,手动更新Password:
mysql> UPDATE user SET Password=PASSWORD('123456') where USER='root';
mysql> select * from user;
+-----------------------+------+-------------------------------------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-----------+-------------+---------------+--------------+-----------+------------+-----------------+------------+------------+--------------+------------+-----------------------+------------------+--------------+-----------------+------------------+------------------+----------------+---------------------+--------------------+------------------+------------+--------------+------------------------+----------+------------+-------------+--------------+---------------+-------------+-----------------+----------------------+--------+-----------------------+
| Host | User | Password | Select_priv | Insert_priv | Update_priv | Delete_priv | Create_priv | Drop_priv | Reload_priv | Shutdown_priv | Process_priv | File_priv | Grant_priv | References_priv | Index_priv
| Alter_priv | Show_db_priv | Super_priv | Create_tmp_table_priv | Lock_tables_priv | Execute_priv | Repl_slave_priv | Repl_client_priv | Create_view_priv | Show_view_priv | Create_routine_priv | Alter_routine_priv | Create_user_priv | Event_priv | Trigger_priv
| Create_tablespace_priv | ssl_type | ssl_cipher | x509_issuer | x509_subject | max_questions | max_updates | max_connections | max_user_connections | plugin | authentication_string |
+-----------------------+------+-------------------------------------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-----------+-------------+---------------+--------------+-----------+------------+-----------------+------------+------------+--------------+------------+-----------------------+------------------+--------------+-----------------+------------------+------------------+----------------+---------------------+--------------------+------------------+------------+--------------+------------------------+----------+------------+-------------+--------------+---------------+-------------+-----------------+----------------------+--------+-----------------------+
| localhost | root | *4587F84DF9FD2B70D6642A68A8E62647F92C0519 | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y
| Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y
| Y | | | | | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | | |
| localhost.localdomain | root | *4587F84DF9FD2B70D6642A68A8E62647F92C0519 | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y
| Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y
| Y | | | | | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | | |
| 127.0.0.1 | root | *4587F84DF9FD2B70D6642A68A8E62647F92C0519 | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y
| Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y
| Y | | | | | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | | |
| ::1 | root | *4587F84DF9FD2B70D6642A68A8E62647F92C0519 | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y
| Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y
| Y | | | | | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | | |
| localhost | | | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N
| N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N
| N | | | | | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | | NULL |
| localhost.localdomain | | | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N
| N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N
| N | | | | | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | | NULL |
+-----------------------+------+-------------------------------------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-----------+-------------+---------------+--------------+-----------+------------+-----------------+------------+------------+--------------+------------+-----------------------+------------------+--------------+-----------------+------------------+------------------+----------------+---------------------+--------------------+------------------+------------+--------------+------------------------+----------+------------+-------------+--------------+---------------+-------------+-----------------+----------------------+--------+-----------------------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)
就可以使用-h参数了。可见mysql与主机名息息相关。