docker 安裝mysql8並掛載數據（簡單）

1.下載鏡像

# docker從倉庫中拉取最新版的mysql鏡像，默認獲取最新的版本
docker pull mysql

 2.創建掛載目錄

mkdir -p /home/docker/mysql/conf && mkdir -p /home/docker/mysql/datadir

3.新建my.cnf，保存

cd /home/docker/mysql/conf
vim my.cnf

# Copyright (c) 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
#
# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
# the Free Software Foundation; version 2 of the License.
#
# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
# GNU General Public License for more details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
# along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
# Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301 USA

#
# The MySQL  Server configuration file.
#
# For explanations see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/server-system-variables.html

[mysqld]
pid-file        = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
socket          = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
datadir         = /var/lib/mysql
secure-file-priv= NULL
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0

# Custom config should go here
!includedir /etc/mysql/conf.d/

4.創建 MySQL 容器並啓動

解決了配置文件的問題，就可以根據需求創建我們的 MySQL 容器並掛載數據了。

docker run --name mysql8 \
-p 3306:3306 -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=root \
--mount type=bind,src=/home/docker/mysql/conf/my.cnf,dst=/etc/mysql/my.cnf \
--mount type=bind,src=/home/docker/mysql/datadir,dst=/var/lib/mysql \
--restart=on-failure:3 \
-d mysql

• --name：爲容器指定一個名字
• -p：指定端口映射，主機端口:容器端口
• -e：pwd="xxx"，設置環境變量
• --restart=on-failure:3：是指容器在未來出現異常退出（退出碼非0）的情況下循環重啓3次
• -mount：綁定掛載
• -d：後臺運行容器，並返回容器 id

5.登錄容器，修改mysql密碼

# 進入mysql 容器
docker exec -it mysql8 bash
# 進入mysql
mysql -uroot -p
# 輸入原本設置的密碼root
# 修改遠程登錄root密碼
ALTER USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'pwd';
# 修改登錄權限
grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' with grant option;
# 刷新數據庫
flush privileges;
# 退出數據庫
exit
# 退出容器
exit

6.遠程連接成功

參考：https://www.cnblogs.com/smallmin/p/11582954.html