SpringCloud從看不懂到放棄，第一章

內容簡述：

1、Springcloud入門概述
2、Rest微服務構建案例工程
3、服務註冊與發現Eureka
4、Ribbon負載均衡
5、Feign負載均衡
6、Hystrix斷路器
7、Zuul路由網關
8、SpringCloud Config分佈式配置中心

一、SpringCloud入門概述

1、什麼是微服務
	提倡將單一的應用程序劃分成一組組小的服務。每個服務運行在其獨立的自己的進程中。服務間互相協調、互相配合。
	服務之間採用輕量級的通訊機制互相溝通(dubbo是RPC、SpringCloud是基於HTTP的restful api)。
	每個服務都圍繞着具體的業務進行構建，都能部署到獨立的生產環境中。
	(根據業務拆分成一個個的服務，徹底的去耦合)


2、微服務的優缺點是什麼？以及在項目開發中碰到的坑
	優點：
        每一個服務專注聚焦於一個指定的業務功能和需求
        鬆解耦的
        各服務間可以用不同的語言
		前後端分離
		靈活搭配的數據庫：自己的數據庫+統一的公共數據庫
	缺點：
		服務間通訊成本增加
		數據一致性
		運維難度增加等

3、微服務的技術棧有哪些

	服務開發		springboot、spring、springmvc等	
	服務配置與管理		Netflix公司的Archaius、阿里的Diamond
	服務註冊與發現		Eureka、Consul、zookeeper
	服務調用			Rest、RPC、gRPC
	服務熔斷器			Hystrix(dashboard服務監控)、Envoy
	負載均衡			Ribbon、Nginx
	服務接口調用			Feign
	消息隊列			kafka、RabbitMq、ActiveMq
	服務配置中心管理		SpringCloudConfig、Chef
	服務路由				Zuul
	服務監控				Zabbix、Nagios、Metrics、Spectator
	全鏈路追蹤			Zipkin、Brave、Dapper
	服務部署			Docker、Openstack、Kubernetes
	數據流操作開發包		SpringCloud Stream(封裝與Redis\Rabbit\kafka等發送接收消息)
	事件消息總線			SpringCloud Bus

4、springcloud和dubbo有哪些區別
					Dubbo			SpringCloud
	註冊中心		zookeeper			Eureka
	調用方式			RPC				REST API
	服務監控		Dubbo-monitor	SpringBoot Admin
	斷路器			  -------			Hystrix
	服務網管		 					Zuul
	分佈式配置					   SpringCloud config
	服務跟蹤					    SpringCloud Sleuth
	消息總線						SpringCloud Bus
	數據流							 SpringCloud stream
	批量任務						SpringCloud Task
	。。。。		。。。。。。。			。。。。。。。

dubbo服務治理

官網

https://spring.io/projects/spring-cloud
https://springcloud.cc	中文社區
https://springcloud.cn	中文官網

二、Rest微服務構建案例工程

以Dept部門模塊做一個微服務通用案例、Consumer消費者[client]通過rest調用Provider提供的服務

結構

cloud:   
	cloud-api					封裝整體entity、接口和 公共配置等
    cloud-provider-dept-8001	微服務的服務提供者
    cloud-consumer-dept-80		微服務的服務消費者

1、父工程

new maven project

groupID  			com.lee
artifact id			cloud
packaging			pom

POM

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.lee</groupId>
    <artifactId>cloud</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <!--重要POM-->
    <packaging>pom</packaging>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
        <junit.version>4.12</junit.version>
        <log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version>
        <lombok.version>1.16.18</lombok.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <!--cloud-->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>Dalston.SR1</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
            <!--SpringBoot-->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>1.5.9.RELEASE</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>mysql</groupId>
                <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
                <version>5.0.4</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
                <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
                <version>1.0.31</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
                <version>1.3.0</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
                <artifactId>logback-core</artifactId>
                <version>1.2.3</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>junit</groupId>
                <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
                <version>${junit.version}</version>
                <scope>test</scope>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>log4j</groupId>
                <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
                <version>${log4j.version}</version>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

</project>

2、cloud-api公共子模塊

new maven module

moduleName   cloud-api
parentProject  cloud
groupId      com.lee
artifactId    cloud-api
packaging     jar

創建完成後父工程POM文件會多了個標籤

POM

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>cloud</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.lee</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>cloud-api</artifactId>

    <dependencies>
        <!-- 當前Module需要用到的jar包，按自己需求添加，
				如果父類已經包含了，可以不用寫版本號 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>

Entity

[ 微服務，一定要實現序列化 ]

package com.lee.cloud.entity;

import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
import lombok.ToString;
import lombok.experimental.Accessors;

import java.io.Serializable;

@Data
@ToString
@Accessors(chain = true)
@NoArgsConstructor
public class Dept implements Serializable {
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 5051248965243297270L;

    private Long  deptno;   //主鍵
    private String  dname;   //部門名稱
    private String  db_source;//來自那個數據庫，因爲微服務架構可以一個服務對應一個數據庫，同一個信息被存儲到不同數據庫

 	public Dept(String dname) {
        this.dname = dname;
    }
}

3、cloud-provider-dept-8001生產者

部門微服務提供者

new maven module

moduleName   cloud--provider-dept-8001
parentProject  cloud
groupId      com.lee
artifactId    cloud--provider-dept-8001
packaging     jar

POM

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>cloud</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.lee</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <artifactId>cloud--provider-dept-8001</artifactId>


    <dependencies>
        <!-- 引入自己定義的api通用包，可以使用Dept部門Entity -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.lee</groupId>
            <artifactId>cloud-api</artifactId>
            <version>${project.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
            <artifactId>logback-core</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jetty</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 修改後立即生效，熱部署 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>springloaded</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>



</project>

application.yml

server:
  port: 8001

mybatis:
  config-location: classpath:mybatis/mybatis.cfg.xml        # mybatis配置文件所在路徑
  type-aliases-package: com.lee.cloud.entity             # 所有Entity別名類所在包
  mapper-locations:
  - classpath:mybatis/mapper/**/*.xml                       # mapper映射文件

spring:
  application:
    name: cloud-dept
  datasource:
    type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource            # 當前數據源操作類型
    driver-class-name: org.gjt.mm.mysql.Driver              # mysql驅動包
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/cloudDB01              # 數據庫名稱
    username: root
    password: 123456
    dbcp2:
      min-idle: 5                                           # 數據庫連接池的最小維持連接數
      initial-size: 5                                       # 初始化連接數
      max-total: 5                                          # 最大連接數
      max-wait-millis: 200                                  # 等待連接獲取的最大超時時間

mybatis.cfg.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">

<configuration>

    <settings>
        <setting name="cacheEnabled" value="true"/><!-- 二級緩存開啓 -->
    </settings>

</configuration>

mysql

DROP DATABASE IF EXISTS cloudDB01;
CREATE DATABASE cloudDB01 CHARACTER SET UTF8;
USE cloudDB01;
CREATE TABLE dept
(
  deptno BIGINT NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
  dname VARCHAR(60),
  db_source   VARCHAR(60)
);
 
INSERT INTO dept(dname,db_source) VALUES('開發部',DATABASE());
INSERT INTO dept(dname,db_source) VALUES('人事部',DATABASE());
INSERT INTO dept(dname,db_source) VALUES('財務部',DATABASE());
INSERT INTO dept(dname,db_source) VALUES('市場部',DATABASE());
INSERT INTO dept(dname,db_source) VALUES('運維部',DATABASE());
 
SELECT * FROM dept;

接口:dao\mapper\service\controller\

DAO:

package com.lee.cloud.dao;

import com.lee.cloud.entity.Dept;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Mapper;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * springboot整合mybatis
 * 第一種方法：在dao上加@Mapper
 * 第二種方法：在啓動類上加@MapperScan
 */
@Mapper
public interface DeptDao {

    public boolean addDept(Dept dept);

    public Dept findById(Long id);

    public List<Dept> findAll();

}

------------------------------------------------------------
MAPPER

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">

<mapper namespace="com.lee.cloud.dao.DeptDao">

    <select id="findById" resultType="Dept" parameterType="Long">
       select deptno,dname,db_source from dept where deptno=#{deptno};
    </select>

    <select id="findAll" resultType="Dept">
       select deptno,dname,db_source from dept;
    </select>
    
    <insert id="addDept" parameterType="Dept">
       INSERT INTO dept(dname,db_source) VALUES(#{dname},DATABASE());
    </insert>

</mapper>

----------------------------------------------------------------------
        
SERVICE
        
package com.lee.cloud.service;

import com.lee.cloud.entity.Dept;

import java.util.List;

public interface DeptService {

    public boolean add(Dept dept);

    public Dept    get(Long id);

    public List<Dept> list();

}
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
      
SERVICE IMPL
        
package com.lee.cloud.service.impl;

import com.lee.cloud.dao.DeptDao;
import com.lee.cloud.entity.Dept;
import com.lee.cloud.service.DeptService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import java.util.List;

@Service
public class DeptServiceImpl implements DeptService {

    @Autowired
    private DeptDao dao ;

    @Override
    public boolean add(Dept dept)
    {
        return dao.addDept(dept);
    }

    @Override
    public Dept get(Long id)
    {
        return dao.findById(id);
    }

    @Override
    public List<Dept> list()
    {
        return dao.findAll();
    }


}
----------------------------------------------------------------------

CONTROLLER
    
package com.lee.cloud.controller;

import com.lee.cloud.entity.Dept;
import com.lee.cloud.service.DeptService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;

import java.util.List;

@RestController
public class DeptController {

    @Autowired
    private DeptService service;

    @RequestMapping(value="/dept/add",method= RequestMethod.POST)
    public boolean add(@RequestBody Dept dept)
    {
        return service.add(dept);
    }

    @RequestMapping(value="/dept/get/{id}",method=RequestMethod.GET)
    public Dept get(@PathVariable("id") Long id)
    {
        return service.get(id);
    }

    @RequestMapping(value="/dept/list",method=RequestMethod.GET)
    public List<Dept> list()
    {
        return service.list();
    }


}

主啓動類APP

package com.lee.cloud;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@SpringBootApplication
public class DeptProvider8001_APP {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(DeptProvider8001_APP.class,args);
    }
}

測試：

http://localhost:8001/dept/list

結果：
[{"deptno":1,"dname":"開發部","db_source":"clouddb01"},
{"deptno":2,"dname":"人事部","db_source":"clouddb01"},
{"deptno":3,"dname":"財務部","db_source":"clouddb01"},
{"deptno":4,"dname":"市場部","db_source":"clouddb01"},
{"deptno":5,"dname":"運維部","db_source":"clouddb01"}]

3、cloud-consumer-dept-80 消費者

部門微服務消費者

new maven module

moduleName   cloud--consumer-dept-80
parentProject  cloud
groupId      com.lee
artifactId    cloud--consumer-dept-80
packaging     jar

POM

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>cloud</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.lee</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <artifactId>cloud-consumer-dept-80</artifactId>
    <description>部門微服務消費者</description>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency><!-- 自己定義的api -->
            <groupId>com.lee</groupId>
            <artifactId>cloud-api</artifactId>
            <version>${project.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 修改後立即生效，熱部署 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>springloaded</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>


</project>

APPLICATION.YML

server:
  port: 80

configBean配置類

package com.lee.cloud.cfgbean;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

//配置類
@Configuration
public class ConfigBean {

    //RestTemplate提供了多種便捷訪問遠程HTTP服務的方法
    //是一種簡單便捷的訪問restful服務模板類，是spring提供的用於訪問Rest服務的客戶端模板工具集
    //類似JDBCTemplate   RedisTemplate等
    @Bean
    public RestTemplate restTemplate(){
        return new RestTemplate();
    }

}

RestTemplate提供了多種便捷訪問遠程HTTP服務的方法

是一種簡單便捷的訪問restful服務模板類，是spring提供的用於訪問Rest服務的客戶端模板工具集

類似JDBCTemplate RedisTemplate等

controller

package com.lee.cloud.controller;

import com.lee.cloud.entity.Dept;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

import java.util.List;

@RestController
public class DeptController_Consumer {

    private static final String REST_URL_PREFIX = "http://localhost:8001";

    @Autowired
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;

    @RequestMapping(value="/consumer/dept/add")
    public boolean add(Dept dept)
    {
        return restTemplate.postForObject(REST_URL_PREFIX+"/dept/add", dept, Boolean.class);
    }

    @RequestMapping(value="/consumer/dept/get/{id}")
    public Dept get(@PathVariable("id") Long id)
    {
        return restTemplate.getForObject(REST_URL_PREFIX+"/dept/get/"+id, Dept.class);
    }

    @RequestMapping(value="/consumer/dept/list")
    public List<Dept> list()
    {
        return restTemplate.getForObject(REST_URL_PREFIX+"/dept/list", List.class);
    }

}

啓動類：

package com.lee.cloud;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@SpringBootApplication
public class DeptConsumer80_App {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        
        SpringApplication.run(DeptConsumer80_App.class,args);
    }
}

測試：

1、啓動provider服務，再啓動consumer服務
2、http://localhost/consumer/dept/list
3、http://localhost/consumer/dept/get/1
4、http://localhost/consumer/dept/add?dname=風控部

SpringCloud從看不懂到放棄，第一章

SpringCloud從看不懂到放棄，第一章

一、SpringCloud入門概述

二、Rest微服務構建案例工程

1、父工程

2、cloud-api公共子模塊

3、cloud-provider-dept-8001生產者

3、cloud-consumer-dept-80 消費者

DAPPER 事務 TRANSACTION

SpringBoot從入門到放棄，第二章

SpringCloud從看不懂到放棄，第二章

Java Web 架構師

SpringCloud第七章，升級篇，服務註冊與發現Eureka、Zookeeper和Consule

SpringBoot從入門到放棄，第四章，整合JDBC Druid Mybatis

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