需求
現在有一個shp文件和柵格數據，需要將shp轉換成和柵格數據空間位置一致且像元大小一致的柵格數據。ArcGIS速度比較慢，使用GDAL將shp文件轉爲和目標柵格同樣大小的柵格
代碼
from osgeo import gdal, gdalconst
from osgeo import ogr
rasterFile = 'F:/**0416.dat' # 原影像
shpFile = 'F:/**小麥.shp' # 裁剪矩形
dataset = gdal.Open(rasterFile, gdalconst.GA_ReadOnly)
geo_transform = dataset.GetGeoTransform()
cols = dataset.RasterXSize # 列數
rows = dataset.RasterYSize # 行數
x_min = geo_transform[0]
y_min = geo_transform[3]
pixel_width = geo_transform[1]
shp = ogr.Open(shpFile, 0)
m_layer = shp.GetLayerByIndex(0)
target_ds = gdal.GetDriverByName('GTiff').Create("F:/小麥test.dat", xsize=cols, ysize=rows, bands=1,
eType=gdal.GDT_Byte)
target_ds.SetGeoTransform(geo_transform)
target_ds.SetProjection(dataset.GetProjection())
band = target_ds.GetRasterBand(1)
band.SetNoDataValue(0)
band.FlushCache()
gdal.RasterizeLayer(target_ds, [1], m_layer, options=["ATTRIBUTE=val"]) # 跟shp字段給柵格像元賦值
# gdal.RasterizeLayer(target_ds, [1], m_layer) # 多邊形內像元值的全是255
del dataset
del target_ds
shp.Release()
## 結果
最終柵格化的結果如下圖所示
