IntelliJ IDEA 配合 Maven 的一些技巧
環境
- IntelliJ IDEA 2017.1
- Maven 3.3.9
- Nexus 3.2.1
學習前提
- 瞭解 Maven 配置的基本用法
- 瞭解私有倉庫,比如 nexus 的一些概念
- 強烈建議把 Maven 的 settings.xml 文件同時放在:
%USER_HOME%/.m2/settings.xml
和 ${maven.home}/conf/settings.xml
兩個地方。避免使用終端的時候默認去調用用戶目錄下的
Maven
中的 profile
- Maven 中有一個概念叫做:
profile
,它的誕生主要是爲了解決不同環境所需的不同變量、配置等問題。 - 有了 profile,可以根據激活的條件,啓動不同條件下的配置信息。
- profile 是可以有多個的,也可以同時激活多個 profile,方便自由組合。
- profile 一般可以在三個地方:settings.xml,pom.xml,profiles.xml(這個不常用)
- 在 settings.xml 上,一般大家用來做倉庫的選擇,比如以下 settings.xml 代碼:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<settings xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/settings-1.0.0.xsd">
<localRepository>D:\maven\my_local_repository</localRepository>
<pluginGroups>
</pluginGroups>
<proxies>
</proxies>
<profiles>
<profile>
<id>nexus</id>
<repositories>
<repository>
<id>nexus</id>
<url>http://192.168.1.73:8081/repository/maven-public/</url>
<releases>
<enabled>true</enabled>
</releases>
<snapshots>
<enabled>true</enabled>
</snapshots>
</repository>
</repositories>
<pluginRepositories>
<pluginRepository>
<id>nexus</id>
<url>http://192.168.1.73:8081/repository/maven-public/</url>
<releases>
<enabled>true</enabled>
</releases>
<snapshots>
<enabled>true</enabled>
</snapshots>
</pluginRepository>
</pluginRepositories>
</profile>
<profile>
<id>aliyun</id>
<repositories>
<repository>
<id>aliyun</id>
<url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/</url>
<releases>
<enabled>true</enabled>
</releases>
<snapshots>
<enabled>true</enabled>
</snapshots>
</repository>
</repositories>
<pluginRepositories>
<pluginRepository>
<id>aliyun</id>
<url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/</url>
<releases>
<enabled>true</enabled>
</releases>
<snapshots>
<enabled>true</enabled>
</snapshots>
</pluginRepository>
</pluginRepositories>
</profile>
</profiles>
<activeProfiles>
<activeProfile>nexus</activeProfile>
</activeProfiles>
</settings>
- 以上代碼中 profile 就做一件事:設置全局的 profile,一個是 nexus 倉庫,一個是 aliyun 倉庫,默認激活的是 nexus 倉庫。(activeProfiles)
- 在 pom.xml 中,一般用來激活環境配置,比如以下代碼:
<profiles>
<profile>
<id>dev</id>
<properties>
<package.environment>dev</package.environment>
</properties>
<activation>
<activeByDefault>true</activeByDefault>
</activation>
<build>
<resources>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/resources</directory>
<includes>
<include>**/*</include>
</includes>
<filtering>true</filtering>
</resource>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/env/${package.environment}</directory>
<includes>
<include>**/*</include>
</includes>
<filtering>true</filtering>
</resource>
</resources>
<finalName>${project.artifactId}</finalName>
</build>
</profile>
<profile>
<id>product</id>
<properties>
<package.environment>product</package.environment>
</properties>
<activation>
<activeByDefault>false</activeByDefault>
</activation>
<build>
<resources>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/resources</directory>
<includes>
<include>**/*</include>
</includes>
<filtering>true</filtering>
</resource>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/env/${package.environment}</directory>
<includes>
<include>**/*</include>
</includes>
<filtering>true</filtering>
</resource>
</resources>
<finalName>${project.artifactId}</finalName>
</build>
</profile>
</profiles>
- 以上代碼中 profile 就做一件事:打包的時候,默認是 dev 模式,打包 src/main/env/dev 下的配置文件,如果選擇 product 則打包 src/main/env/product 下的配置文件
IntelliJ
IDEA 使用 Maven Profile 的案例
- 在 IntelliJ IDEA 上調用 profile 簡單,如下圖勾選對應的複選框即可,可以多選。
- 只使用 aliyun 倉庫可以這樣配置 settings.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<settings xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/settings-1.0.0.xsd">
<localRepository>D:\maven\my_local_repository</localRepository>
<pluginGroups>
</pluginGroups>
<proxies>
</proxies>
<profiles>
<profile>
<id>aliyun</id>
<repositories>
<repository>
<id>aliyun</id>
<url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/</url>
<releases>
<enabled>true</enabled>
</releases>
<snapshots>
<enabled>true</enabled>
</snapshots>
</repository>
</repositories>
<pluginRepositories>
<pluginRepository>
<id>aliyun</id>
<url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/</url>
<releases>
<enabled>true</enabled>
</releases>
<snapshots>
<enabled>true</enabled>
</snapshots>
</pluginRepository>
</pluginRepositories>
</profile>
</profiles>
<activeProfiles>
<activeProfile>aliyun</activeProfile>
</activeProfiles>
</settings>
- 使用 nexus + aliyun 倉庫可以這樣配置 settings.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<settings xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/settings-1.0.0.xsd">
<localRepository>D:\maven\my_local_repository</localRepository>
<pluginGroups>
</pluginGroups>
<proxies>
</proxies>
<profiles>
<profile>
<id>nexus</id>
<repositories>
<repository>
<id>nexus</id>
<url>http://192.168.1.73:8081/repository/maven-public/</url>
<releases>
<enabled>true</enabled>
</releases>
<snapshots>
<enabled>true</enabled>
</snapshots>
</repository>
</repositories>
<pluginRepositories>
<pluginRepository>
<id>nexus</id>
<url>http://192.168.1.73:8081/repository/maven-public/</url>
<releases>
<enabled>true</enabled>
</releases>
<snapshots>
<enabled>true</enabled>
</snapshots>
</pluginRepository>
</pluginRepositories>
</profile>
<profile>
<id>aliyun</id>
<repositories>
<repository>
<id>aliyun</id>
<url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/</url>
<releases>
<enabled>true</enabled>
</releases>
<snapshots>
<enabled>true</enabled>
</snapshots>
</repository>
</repositories>
<pluginRepositories>
<pluginRepository>
<id>aliyun</id>
<url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/</url>
<releases>
<enabled>true</enabled>
</releases>
<snapshots>
<enabled>true</enabled>
</snapshots>
</pluginRepository>
</pluginRepositories>
</profile>
</profiles>
<activeProfiles>
<activeProfile>nexus</activeProfile>
</activeProfiles>
</settings>