如果，elif，其他聲明在Bash中發佈

本文翻譯自：if, elif, else statement issues in Bash

I can't seem to work out what the issue with the following if statement is in regards to the elif and then . 我似乎無法弄清楚以下if語句的問題是關於elif then 。 Keep in mind the printf is still under development I just haven't been able to test it yet in the statement so is more than likely wrong. 請記住， printf仍處於開發階段我還沒有在聲明中測試它，所以很可能是錯誤的。

The error I'm getting is: 我得到的錯誤是：

./timezone_string.sh: line 14: syntax error near unexpected token `then'
./timezone_string.sh: line 14: `then'

And the statement is like so. 聲明就是這樣。

if [ "$seconds" -eq 0 ];then
   $timezone_string="Z"
elif[ "$seconds" -gt 0 ]
then
   $timezone_string=`printf "%02d:%02d" $seconds/3600 ($seconds/60)%60`
else
   echo "Unknown parameter"
fi

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#1樓

參考：https://stackoom.com/question/15HMz/如果-elif-其他聲明在Bash中發佈

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#2樓

There is a space missing between elif and [ : elif和[之間缺少空格：

elif[ "$seconds" -gt 0 ]

should be 應該

elif [ "$seconds" -gt 0 ]

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As I see this question is getting a lot of views, it is important to indicate that the syntax to follow is: 正如我看到這個問題獲得了很多觀點，重要的是要指出要遵循的語法是：

if [ conditions ]
# ^ ^          ^

meaning that spaces are needed around the brackets . 意味着括號周圍需要空格 。 Otherwise, it won't work. 否則，它將無法正常工作。 This is because [ itself is a command. 這是因爲[本身就是一個命令。

The reason why you are not seeing something like elif[: command not found (or similar) is that after seeing if and then , the shell is looking for either elif , else , or fi . 你沒有看到像elif[: command not found （或類似）之類的東西的原因是，在看到if then ，shell正在尋找elif ， else或fi 。 However it finds another then (after the mis-formatted elif[ ). 然而它找到另一then （誤格式化後elif[ ）。 Only after having parsed the statement it would be executed (and an error message like elif[: command not found would be output). 只有在解析了語句之後纔會執行它（並且會輸出像elif[: command not found的錯誤消息）。

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#3樓

[ is a command. [是一個命令。 It must be separated by whitespace from the preceding statement: 它必須用前面語句中的空格分隔：

elif [

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#4樓

You have some syntax issues with your script. 您的腳本存在一些語法問題。 Here is a fixed version: 這是一個固定版本：

#!/bin/bash

if [ "$seconds" -eq 0 ]; then
   timezone_string="Z"
elif [ "$seconds" -gt 0 ]; then
   timezone_string=$(printf "%02d:%02d" $((seconds/3600)) $(((seconds / 60) % 60)))
else
   echo "Unknown parameter"
fi

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#5樓

I would recommend you having a look at the basics of conditioning in bash. 我建議你看看bash中的條件基礎知識。

The symbol "[" is a command and must have a whitespace prior to it. 符號“[”是一個命令，必須在它之前有一個空格。 If you don't give whitespace after your elif, the system interprets elif[ as aa particular command which is definitely not what you'd want at this time. 如果你沒有在你的elif之後給出空格，系統會解釋elif [作爲一個特定的命令，這絕對不是你現在想要的。

Usage: 用法：

elif(A COMPULSORY WHITESPACE WITHOUT PARENTHESIS)[(A WHITE SPACE WITHOUT PARENTHESIS)conditions(A WHITESPACE WITHOUT PARENTHESIS)]

In short, edit your code segment to: 簡而言之，將代碼段編輯爲：

elif [ "$seconds" -gt 0 ]

You'd be fine with no compilation errors. 你可以沒有編譯錯誤。 Your final code segment should look like this: 您的最終代碼段應如下所示：

#!/bin/sh    
if [ "$seconds" -eq 0 ];then
       $timezone_string="Z"
    elif [ "$seconds" -gt 0 ]
    then
       $timezone_string=`printf "%02d:%02d" $seconds/3600 ($seconds/60)%60`
    else
       echo "Unknown parameter"
    fi