Django(part39)--製作圖書管理系統

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文章目錄

製作圖書管理系統

製作圖書管理系統

我們基於上一個博客Django(part38)–製作登錄界面的mywebsite_bookstore項目，製作一個圖書管理系統。

第一步

向數據庫中添加一些圖書信息

首先我們先創建後臺管理賬號：

F:\MyStudio\PythonStudio\goatbishop.project01\Django\mywebsite_bookstore>python manage.py createsuperuser
Username (leave blank to use 'goatbishop'):
Email address: [email protected]
Password:
Password (again):
This password is entirely numeric.
Bypass password validation and create user anyway? [y/N]: N
Password:
Password (again):
Superuser created successfully.

我們打開bookstore應用下的admin.py，並進行註冊：

from django.contrib import admin
from . import models

# Register your models here.


class Book_Manager(admin.ModelAdmin):
    list_display = ['title', 'pub_house','price', 'market_price']
    list_filter = ['pub_house']
    search_fields = ['title', 'pub_house']
    list_editable = ['market_price']    

admin.site.register(models.Book, Book_Manager)

開啓服務，進入admin數據庫後臺管理系統，隨便添加幾本書：

第二步

設置登錄用戶可以瀏覽、刪除、修改和添加圖書信息，但是未登錄的用戶，只能瀏覽圖書信息，無權更改。

首先，我們在主模板文件夾下，修改主頁homepage.html：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>首頁</title>
</head>
<body>

    {# 判斷是否有userinfo來確定是否已經登陸 #}
    {% if request.session.userinfo %}
    歡迎:{{request.session.userinfo.username }}
    <br>
    <a href="/userinfo/logout/">退出登錄</a>
    <br><br>
    <div>
    <a href="/bookstore/add/">添加新書</a>
    <a href="/bookstore/list_all/">查看全部圖書</a>
    </div>
    
    {% else %}
<ul>
    <li><a href="/userinfo/login/">登陸</a></li>
    <li><a href="/userinfo/reg/">註冊</a></li>
    
</ul>
    遊客, 您可以<a href="/bookstore/list_all/">查看全部圖書</a>
    <br><br>
    若您想對書籍信息進行修改，請先登錄！
    {% endif %}

</body>
</html>

如果我們在登錄狀態下，主頁是這樣的：

在未登錄狀態下，主頁是這樣的：

我們先在bookstore應用下的urls.py模塊中添加路由：

from django.urls import re_path
from . import views

urlpatterns = [
    re_path(r'^$', views.homepage),
    re_path(r'^add/$', views.new_book),
    re_path(r'^list_all/$', views.list_books),
    re_path(r'^mod/(\w+)/$', views.mod_book_info),
    re_path(r'^del/(\w+)/$', views.del_book),
]

再bookstore應用下的views.py模塊中添加視圖函數：

from django.shortcuts import render

# Create your views here.

from django.http import HttpResponse
from . import models
from django.http import Http404

def homepage(request):
    return render(request, 'index.html')

def new_book(request):
    #  爲添加新收功能提供權限驗證
    if 'userinfo' not in request.session:
        raise Http404

    if request.method == 'GET':
        return render(request, 'new_book.html')
    elif request.method == 'POST':
        title = request.POST.get('title', '')
        pub_house = request.POST.get('pub_house', '')
        price = request.POST.get('price', '')
        market_price = request.POST.get('market_price', '')
        # 用Book.object管理器的create方法來創建新書
        abook = models.Book.objects.create(title=title,
                                           price=price,
                                           market_price=market_price,
                                           pub_house=pub_house)
        print('添加新書,成功添加新書:', abook.title)
        return HttpResponse('<a href="/bookstore/">添加新書成功，點我跳轉到書庫</a>')

def list_books(request):
    books = models.Book.objects.all()
    return render(request, 'book_list.html', locals())


def mod_book_info(request, book_name):
    # 先根據book_id 找到對應的一本書
    try:
        abook = models.Book.objects.get(title = book_name)
    except:
        return HttpResponse("沒有找到" + book_name + "的圖書信息")

    if request.method == 'GET':
        return render(request, "mod_price.html", locals())
    elif request.method == 'POST':
        try:
            m_price = request.POST.get('market_price', '0.0')
            abook.market_price = m_price
            abook.save()  # 提交修改
            html = "修改成功 <div><a href='/bookstore/list_all/'>回到書籍瀏覽界面</a></div>"
            return HttpResponse(html)
        except:
            return HttpResponse("修改失敗")


from django.http import HttpResponseRedirect  # 改入 HttpResponseRedirect模塊用於 重定向url
def del_book(request, book_name):
    try:
        abook = models.Book.objects.get(title = book_name)
        abook.delete()
        return HttpResponseRedirect('/bookstore/list_all/')
    except:
        return HttpResponse("沒有找到" + book_name + "的圖書信息,刪除失敗")

在主模板文件夾下創建各種模板。

index.html

<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>書庫</title>
</head>
<body>
    <ul>
        {% if request.session.userinfo %}
        <li><a href="/bookstore/add/">添加新圖書</a></li>
        <li><a href="/bookstore/list_all/">顯示所有圖書</a></li>
        {% else %}
        <li><a href="/bookstore/list_all/">顯示所有圖書</a></li>
        {% endif %}
    </ul>
</body>
</html>

mod_price.html

<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>修改價格</title>
</head>
<body>
    <form action="/bookstore/mod/{{ abook.title }}/" method="post">
        <div>書名: {{ abook.title }}</div>
        <div>版社名: {{ abook.pub_house }}</div>
        <div>定價: {{ abook.price }}</div>
        <div>
            零售價：<input type="text" name="market_price" value="{{ abook.market_price }}"placeholder="零售價" required>
        </div>
        <div>
            <input type="submit" value="修改價格">
        </div>
    </form>
</body>
</html>

new_book.html

<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>添加新書</title>
</head>
<body>
    <form action="/bookstore/add/" method="post">
        <div>
            <input type="text" name="title" placeholder="新書名" required value="書名">
        </div>
        <div>
            <input type="text" name="pub_house" placeholder="新版社名" required>
        </div>
        <div>
            <input type="text" name="price" placeholder="定價" required>
        </div>
        <div>
            <input type="text" name="market_price" placeholder="零售價" required>
        </div>
        <div>
            <input type="submit" value="添加新書">
        </div>
    </form>
</body>
</html>

book_list.html

<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>圖書列表</title>
</head>
<body>
    <a href="/bookstore/">進入書庫</a> &nbsp;
    <a href="/">返回首頁</a>
    <table>
        <tr>
            <th>書名</th>
            <th>出版社</th>
            <th>定價</th>
            <th>零售價</th>
            <th>修改</th>
            <th>刪除</th>
        </tr>
    {% for abook in books %}
        <tr>
            <td>{{ abook.title }}</td>
            <td>{{ abook.pub_house }}</td>
            <td>{{ abook.price }}</td>
            <td>{{ abook.market_price }}</td>
            {% if request.session.userinfo %}
            <td><a href="/bookstore/mod/{{ abook.title }}">修改</a></td>
            <td><a href="/bookstore/del/{{ abook.title }}">刪除</a></td>
            {% else %}
            <td colspan="2">您無權更改</td>
            {% endif %}
        </tr>
    {% endfor %}
    </table>
</body>
</html>