RabbitMQ从零开始学（五）通信模型之路由模型（direct）

路由模型(direct)

路由模式相当于是分布订阅模式的升级版，多了一个 路由key来约束队列与交换机的绑定

编写生产者

// 生产者
public class Producer {
    private static final String EXCHANGE_NAME = "exchange_direct_1";
    // 定义路由的key，key值是可以随意定义的
    private static final String EXCHANGE_ROUTING_KEY1 = "direct_km1";
    private static final String EXCHANGE_ROUTING_KEY2 = "direct_km2";

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, TimeoutException {
        Connection connection = ConnectionUtils.getConnection();
        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
        channel.exchangeDeclare(EXCHANGE_NAME, "direct");
        for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
            if (i % 2 == 0) {
                channel.basicPublish(EXCHANGE_NAME, EXCHANGE_ROUTING_KEY1, null, ("路由模型发送的第 " + i + " 条信息").getBytes());
            } else {
                channel.basicPublish(EXCHANGE_NAME, EXCHANGE_ROUTING_KEY2, null, ("路由模型发送的第 " + i + " 条信息").getBytes());
            }
        }
        channel.close();
        connection.close();
    }
}

编写消费者1

// 消费者1
public class Consumer {
    private static final String QUEUE_NAME = "queue_direct_1";
    private static final String EXCHANGE_NAME = "exchange_direct_1";
    private static final String EXCHANGE_ROUTING_KEY1 = "direct_km1";

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, TimeoutException {
        Connection connection = ConnectionUtils.getConnection();
        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
        channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);
        channel.exchangeDeclare(EXCHANGE_NAME, "direct");
        channel.queueBind(QUEUE_NAME, EXCHANGE_NAME, EXCHANGE_ROUTING_KEY1);
        DefaultConsumer defaultConsumer = new DefaultConsumer(channel) {
            @Override
            public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, AMQP.BasicProperties properties, byte[] body) throws IOException {
                System.out.println("消费者1接收到的消息是：" + new String(body));
            }
        };
        channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, true, defaultConsumer);
    }
}

编写消费者2

// 消费者2
public class Consumer2 {
    private static final String QUEUE_NAME = "queue_direct_2";
    private static final String EXCHANGE_NAME = "exchange_direct_1";
    private static final String EXCHANGE_ROUTING_KEY2 = "direct_km2";

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, TimeoutException {
        Connection connection = ConnectionUtils.getConnection();
        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
        channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);
        channel.exchangeDeclare(EXCHANGE_NAME, "direct");
        channel.queueBind(QUEUE_NAME, EXCHANGE_NAME, EXCHANGE_ROUTING_KEY2);
        DefaultConsumer defaultConsumer = new DefaultConsumer(channel) {
            @Override
            public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, AMQP.BasicProperties properties, byte[] body) throws IOException {
                System.out.println("消费者2接收到的消息是：" + new String(body));
            }
        };
        channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, true, defaultConsumer);
    }
}

测试

先启动2个消费者，再启动生产者

运行结果

小结

这里用到的方法和发布订阅模式使用的是一致的，方法参数详情参照：RabbitMQ从零开始学（四）—通信模型之发布订阅模型—channel.exchangeDeclare()—channel.queueBind()

routingKey（路由key）是可以随意设置的，我们可以按照设置的key，来指定交换机和队列的绑定

RabbitMQ通讯模型系列

RabbitMQ从零开始学（二）—通信模型之HelloWorld型—channel方法参数详解
RabbitMQ从零开始学（三）—通信模型之Work型—channel.basicQos()
RabbitMQ从零开始学（四）—通信模型之发布订阅模型—channel.exchangeDeclare()—channel.queueBind()
RabbitMQ从零开始学（六）—通信模型之topic模型—通信模型总结